Articles:
I. GENES FOR POWDERY MILDEW REACTION
During the years 1982-1987, a regularly updated list of genes (alleles) for powdery mildew reaction in barley has been published in BGN using primarily the Reg symbols. In BGN 18 to 21, 1988 to 1992, some additions only were made. The present list is a major revision of that list using primarily the Ml symbols (cf. BGN 20:13-16). It was made medio 1992 in conjunction with a review on the genetics of powdery mildew resistance in barley (Jørgensen, 1993).
The review resulted in additions and alterations to the present list such as: 1) assignment of genes Mla30 and Mla31 in locus Mla, 2) redesignation of five JMl gene symbols to Ml symbols, 3) redesignation of ten mlo alleles to mlo12 to mlo21, 4) assignment of symbols mlo22 to mlo25 to genes in four previously described Mlo mutants (Robbelen and Heun, 1991), 5) redesignation of the mutant gene symbol Ml(N182) to MlBo and 6) rejection of a few obsolete symbols such as Mlm/a/c (Favret, 1971) and one Mla? (=reg lab) (BGN 5:87). The following additions were also made: Inclusion of 1) six tentative symbolsfor additional genes near or at locus Mla (Jørgensen, 1992), 2) four tentatively designated resistances detected in recent European spring barley cultivars (Jensen et al., 1992), 3) two recorded by Brown and Jørgensen (1991), and 4) the recently described gene Ml(Ma) (Mastebroek and Balkema-Boomstra, 1991). Further, the localization of 1) gene MlGa to chromosome 5 (Jensen, 1992) and 2) gene MlLa to chromosome 2 (Hilbers et al., 1992) were reported.
The gene symbols in the present list are ordered alphanumerically. Those written in bold italics e.g. Mlal may be considered valid. The other ones are synonyms, tentative designations etc. Detailed information on the latter can be found at the corresponding valid symbol. Details on e.g. Mla, Mla4, or Mla15 can be found at, respectively, Mlal, Mlkl, and Mla7 (Long Glumes). The correspondence between gene symbols in the Ml, JMI, Pm, and Er series of designations are listed at the end of the main list. The typical low infection type (phenotype) is given according to the author's data and those in the literature on the scale from 0 (resistant) to 4 (susceptible), but they can only be used as a guide. The references and addresses of likely stock holders are given after the main list.
SEED STOCK
Addresses from which seeds of the stocks containing the gene in question may be obtained.
| CI (number): | USDA, ARS, National Small Grain Collection, P.O. Box 307, Aberdeen, Idaho 83210, USA. |
| HOR (number): | Genebank and Taxonomy Department, Institute for Genetics and Crop Plant Research, D-0-4325 Gatersleben, Germany. |
| K: | Barley Germplasm Center, Research Institute for Bioresources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710, Japan. |
| R: | Plant Biology Section, Risø National Laboratory, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. |
| W: | Lehrstuhl für Pflanzenbau und Pflanzenzuchtung, Technische Universität München, D-8050 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany. |
II. LOCI FOR DISEASE AND PEST REACTION
The following list of gene loci affecting disease and pest reaction in barley is compiled based on the comprehensive list of gene loci in barley published by Søgaard and WettsteinKnowles (1987). The list is updated to medio 1992.
Jedel, P. E. 1990. A gene for resistance to Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici in PI382313. BGN 20:43-44.
Jensen, J. 1990. Are powdery mildew resistance loci Mlp and mld on barley chromosome 5? BGN 19:27-31.
Jin, Y., G. D. Statler, J. D. Franckowiak, and B. J. Steffenson. 1993. Linkage between leaf rust resistance genes and morphological markers in barley. Phytopathology 83 :230-233.
Sogaard, B., and P. von Wettstein-Knowles. 1987. Barley: Genes and chromosomes. Carlsberg Res. Comm. 52:123-196.
References for article on Genes for Powdery Mildew Reaction:
Baker, E. P. 1964. Further evidence for an allelic series conditioning resistance to powdery mildew at the Algerian locus in barley. In Barley Genetics I pp. 236-238.
BGN Vol. 5, p. 87, 1975.
BGN Vol. 6, p. 127, 1976.
BGN Vol. 6, p. 143, 1976.
BGN Vol. 8, p. 168, 1978.
BGN Vol. 12, p. 161, 1982.
BGN Vol. 19, p. 27, 1989.
Brown, J. K. M., and J. H. Jørgensen. 1991. A catalogue of mildew resistance genes in European barley varieties. In J. H. Jørgensen, ed. Integrated Control of Cereal Mildews: Virulence Patterns and Their Change. Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.
Brückner, F. 1977. The inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC f.sp. hordei Marchal) in the Ethiopian barley Ab. 1128. Genetica a slecht. 13:9-12.
Doll, H., and H. P. Jensen. 1986. Localization of powdery mildew resistance gene Ml-ra on barley chromosome 5. Hereditas 105:61-65.
Favret, E. A. 1960. Induced mutations for resistance to diseases. Genetica Agraria 13:1-26.
Favret, E. A. 1965. Induced mutations in breeding for disease resistance. Radiation Bot. 5 suppl. pp. 521-536.
Favret, E. A. 1971. The host-pathogen system and its genetic relationships. In Barley Genetics II. pp. 457-471.
Giese, H. 1981. Powdery mildew resistance genes in the Ml-a and Ml-k regions on chromosome 5. Hereditas 95:51-62.
Giese, H., J. H. Jørgensen, H. P. Jensen, and J. Jensen. 1981. Linkage relationships of ten powdery mildew resistance genes on barley chromosome 5. Hereditas 95:43-50.
Hayashi, J., and H. Heta. 1985. Association of a mildew resistance gne JMlh in Hanna 906 with chromosome 6. BGN 15:46-47.
Hentrich, W. 1977. Test for the selection of mildew-resistant mutants in spring barley. pp. 333-341. In Induced Mutations Against Plant Diseases. IAEA, Vienna.
Hilbers, S., G. Fischbeck, and A. Jahoor. 1992. Localization of the Laevigatum resistance gene MlLa against powdery mildew in the barley genome by the use of RFLP markers. Plant Breeding 109:335-338.
Hiura, U. 1960. Studies on the disease resistance in barley. IV. Genetics of the resistance of powdery mildew. Berichte des Ohara Inst. fü Landwirtschaftlische Biologie 11:235-300.
Hiura, U., Y. W. Ha, and H. Heta. 1969. Genes conditioning mildew reactions of Nepales barley strains and barley variety Turkey 290. Nogaku Kenkyu 53:91-98 (in Japanese).
Hossain, M. A., and D. H. B. Sparrow. l991a. Resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei) in the cultivar Galleon. I. Relationships with known genes for resistance. Euphytica 52:1-9.
Hossain, M. A., and D. H. B. Sparrow. l991b. Resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei) in the cultivar Galleon. II. Chromosomal location and linkage with hordein protein genes. Euphytica 52: 11 - 17.
Jahoor, A., and G. Fischbeck. 1987. Genetical studies of resistance to powdery mildew in barley lines derived from Hordeum spontaneum collected from Israel. Plant Breeding 99:265-273.
Jahoor, A., and G. Fischbeck. 1992. Identification of new genes for powdery mildew resistance of barley at the Mla locus derived from Hordeum spontaneum. Plant Breeding (in press).
Jahoor, A., A. Ludwig, and G. Fischbeck. 1989. New genes for powdery mildew resistance in Hordeum spontaneum derived lines alleles or closely linked to the Mlp locus.
Jahoor, A., U. Stephan, and G. Fischbeck. 1990. Study of powdery mildew resistance gene from 'Engledow India'. BGN 20:41-42.
Jensen, H. P., and J. H. Jørgensen. 1981. Powdery mildew resistance genes in north-west European winter barley varieties. Tidsskrift for Planteavl 85:303-319.
Jensen, H. P., E. Christensen, and J. H. Jørgensen. 1992. Powdery milew resistance genes in 127 new Northwest European spring barley varieties. Plant Breeding 108:210-228.
Jensen, J. 1987. Linkage map of barley chromosome 4. In Barley Genetics V. Okayama University Press. pp. 189-200.
Jensen, J. 1989. Are powdery mildew resistance loci Mlp and mld on barley chromosome 5? BGN 19:27-31.
Jensen, J. 1992. Coordinator's report. Chromosome 5. BGN 21:112-115.
Jensen, J., and J. H. Jørgensen. 1975. The barley chromosome 5 linkage map. II. Extension of the map with four loci. Hereditas 80:17-26.
Jørgensen, J. H. 1991. Powdery mildew resistance genes Mla22 and Mlo23 in barley. In L. Munck, ed. Barley Genetics VI Vol. 1. Munksgård Intern. Publ. Copenhagen. pp. 596-598.
Jørgensen, J. H. 1992. Multigene families of powdery mildew resistance genes in locus Mla on barley chromosome 5. Plant Breeding 108:53-59.
Jørgensen, J. H. 1993. Genetics of powdery mildew resistance in barley. Critical Reviews in Plant Science (in press).
Kintzios, S., A. Jahoor, and G. Fischbeck. 1992. New sources of mildew resistance in Hordeum spontaneum derived winter barley lines. Vortr. Pflanzenzüchtg. 24:311-313.
Lau, D. 1962. Ein Beitrag zur Züchtung mehltauresistenter Gersten. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenzüchtung. 48:80-90.
Luig, N. H., K. S. McWhirter, and E. P. Baker. 1958.Mode of inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew in barley and evidence for an allelic series conditioning reaction. Proc. Linnean Society of New South Wales 83:340-362.
Mastebroek, H. D. and A. G. Balkema-Boomstra. 1991. Inheritance of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei) in eleven primitive barley varieties. Euphytica 57:125-131.
Moseman, J. G. 1963. Function of the host and pathogengenetic systems in elucidating disease development. In Barley Genetics I, pp. 215-221.
Moseman, J. G. 1966. Genetics of powdery mildews. Annual Rev. of Phytopathology 4:269-290.
Moseman, J. G. 1971. Studies of inheritance of resistance in barley to pathogenic organisms, 1963-1969. In Barley Genetics II. pp. 535-541.
Moseman, J. G., and J. H. Jørgensen. 1971. Identification of genes at the Mla locus in barley for resistance to Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei. Crop Sci. 11:547-550.
Moseman, J. G., and J. H. Jørgensen. 1973. Differentiation of resistance genes at the Mla locus in six pairs of isogenic barley lines. Euphytica 22:189-196.
Moseman, J. G., R. C. F. Macer, and L. W. Greeley. 1965. Genetic studies with cultures of Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei virulent on Hordeum spontaneum. Trans. Brit. Mycol. Soc. 48:479-489.
Netsvetaev, V. P., R. M. Biyashev, and A. A. Sozinov. 1986. Genetic control and mapping of three genetic factors in barley chromosomes 1 and 5. Doklady Biol. Sciences 284(1/6):580-584.
Nilan, R. A. 1964. The cytology and genetics of barley1951 - 1962. Monographic supplement No. 3 vol. 32, No. 1. Washington State University Press. pp. 278.
Robbelen, G., and M. Heun. 1991. Genetic analysis of partial resistance against powdery mildew in induced mutants of barley. pp. 93-111. In Plant Mutation Breeding for Crop Improvement, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna.
Torp, J., H. P. Jensen, and J. H. Jørgensen. 1978. Powdery mildew resistance genes in 106 north-west European spring Barley varieties. Kgl. Vet.-og Landbohojsk. Arsskr. 1978 pp. 75-102.
Wiberg, A. 1974a. Genetical studies of spontaneous sources of resistance to powdery mildew in barley. Hereditas 77:89-148.
Wiberg, A. 1974b. Sources of resistance to powdery mildew in barley. Hereditas 78:1-40.
Wise, R. P., and A. H. Ellingboe. 1983. Infection kinetics of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. hordei on barley with different alleles at the Ml-a locus. Phytopathology 73:1220-1222.
Wolfe, M. S., and E. Schwarzbach. 1978. The recent history of the evolution of barley powdery mildew in Europe. pp. 129-157. In D. M. Spencer, (ed.) The Powdery Mildews. Academic Press.
Wolfe, M. S., S. E. Slater, and P. N. Minchin. 1984. Mildew of barley. In U.K. Cereal Pathogen Virulence survey. National Inst. Agric. Bot., Cambridge, England pp. 38-48.
Yamagusch, I., and A. Yamashita. 1979. Induced mutation of two-rowed barley resistant to powdery mildew, Erysiphe graminis f.sp. hordei. I. Comparison of effects of gamma rays and ethyleneimine in induction of resistant mutation. Japan J. Breed. 29(3):217-227.