UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA AND
INSTITUTE FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY (UdLIRTA)Center of R&D, Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
Bread wheat breeding.
J. Lloveras, A. López-Querol, J.A. Martín-Sánchez, A. Michelena, C. Royo, and J.A. Zarco.
Three new varieties were relased in 1998: Barbol, Baner, and Balsamina.
Barbol and Baner are from crosses made at CIMMYT between 'TJB / CIMMYT material'. The varieties are high yielders but have poor bread quality.
Balsamina, a hybrid spring-type wheat obtained using the CHA Genesis (Monsanto) and produced in collaboration with Hybritech, is a good yielder and has good quality.
Bread and durum wheat quality.
A. Michelena and J.A. Zarco.
Research into the effects of nitrogen fertilization and the T1BS·1RL translocation on durum wheat quality continue. A new area is the use of a texturometer in wheat quality evaluations.
Publications.
Royo C, Michelena A, Carrillo JM, García P, Juan-Aracil J, and Soler, C. 1998. Spanish durum wheat breeding programme. 3rd SEWANA Durum Network Workshop; ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria. 20-23 March 1998.
Villegas D, Aparicio N, and Royo C. 1998. Drought effect on the pattern of biomass accumulation of durum wheat genotypes selected for contrasting environments. In: Proc 9th Inter Wheat Genet Symp (Slinkard AE ed). University Extension Press, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. 4:104-107.
Aparicio N, Araus JL, Villegas D, Casadesus J, and Royo C. 1998. Spectral reflectance vegetation indices for assessing durum wheat biomass. In: Proc 9th Inter Wheat Genet Symp (Slinkard AE ed). University Extension Press, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. 2:140-143.
Royo C. 1998. Limitaciones ambientales al cultivo del trigo duro en España. Vida Rural 70:26-28.
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRID
Departamento de Biotecnología, E.T.S. Ingenieros Agrónomos, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
I. López-Braña, A. Delibes, and M.J. Montes.
CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS
Serrano, 115, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
D. Romero, M.F. Andres, and A. Duce.
UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA AND
INSTITUTE FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY (UdLIRTA)Center of R&D, Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
J.A. Martín-Sánchez, E. Sin, C. Martínez, A. Michelena, J.A. Zarco, and L. Torres.
Transfer of genes for resistance to cereal cyst nematode
from Aegilops ventricosa and Ae. triuncialis to Triticum aestivum.
We continued the transfer of resistance derived from Ae. ventricosa
and Ae. triuncialis to cultivars of bread wheat. The level
of resistance derived from Ae. triuncialis seems to be
higher, at least against the Spanish pathotypes of CCN.
Lines TRrd-22, TRrd-22 'S', and TRrd-23 (with gene CreAet from Ae. triuncialis) and Vrd-104 (with gene Cre2 from Ae. ventricosa) were tested for their resistance in infested soil with a Spanish population of H. avenae Ha71. The experiment was a randomized block with 46 replications, where each plot was an individual plant. Cultivars Anza, Rinconada, and Capa were used as controls. The infestation level was evaluated by scoring the number of cysts per plant (Table 1).
| Variety or line | Cross * | Cysts/plant ** |
|---|---|---|
| Rinconada | 22.30 a | |
| Capa | 22.27 a | |
| Anza | 18.84 abc | |
| TRrd-23 | TR-353/3*Osona//4*Cartaya | 13.00 bc |
| Vrd-104 | H-93-8/4*Rinconada | 12.94 bc |
| TRrd-22 | TR353/Betrés//Alcotán/3/Recital/4/3*Betrés | 11.61 c |
| TRrd-22 'S' | 11.19 c | |
| * TR-353 line derived from cross 'T. turgidum/Ae. triuncialis//T. aestivum (with resistance gene CreAet from Ae. triuncialis)'. H-93-8 line derived from the cross T. turgidum/Ae. ventricosa//T. aestivum, (with resistance gene Cre2 from Ae. ventricosa). Osona, Cartaya, Rinconada, Betrés, and Recital are cultivars of T. aestivum. 'S' = sister line. | ||
| ** Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different, P < 0.05. | ||
The side effects of CreAet on agronomic and quality traits also were studied. One hill-plot trial was planted in infested soil. The experimental design was a randomized block with 10 replications. Plant height, total biomass, yield, harvest index, spikelets/spike, kernels/spikelet, 1,000-kernel weight, and test weight were evaluated (Table 2). The SDS-sedimentation test was used. Reduced, total grain proteins were separated using 10 % SDS PAGE.
We did not observe any significant effects of the resistance gene in the traits studied. Lines derived from Ae. triuncialis had similar characteristics to those of the controls, i.e., good glutenin subunits combination (mainly the 5+10 bands) and high sedimentation values.
The Cre3 resistance gene is reportedly linked to the G4NBS probe (Lagudah ES, Moullet O, and Apples R, Genome 40:607-616, 1997). This probe has a sequence encoding a nucleotide binding site (NBS). In collaboration with E. Lagudah, we investigated the linkage of the H-93-8 resistance gene Cre2 transferred from Ae. ventricosa using this probe. From these tests and using different restriction enzymes, Cre2 has not been found linked to the G4NBS probe.
This work is being supported by Grant AGF-98-1057-CO4 from the "Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología" (CICYT) of Spain.
UNIVERSIDAD POLITÉCNICA DE MADRIDDepartamento de Biotecnología, E.T.S. Ingenieros Agrónomos, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
A. Delibes, I. López-Braña, and J.J. Montes.
UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA AND
INSTITUTE FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY (UdLIRTA)Center of R&D, Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain.
J.A. Martín-Sánchez, E. Sin, C. Martínez, and A. Michelena.
JUNTA DE EXTREMADURAServicio de Investigación Agraria, Finca La Orden, 06187 Guadajira, Badajoz, Spain.
J. del Moral and A. Mejías.
Transfer of Hessian fly resistance from Ae. ventricosa
to bread wheat.
Transfer of Hessian fly resistance from Ae. ventricosa
to bread wheat continued. The work was facilitated by the linkage
of the resistance gene with the Acph-Mvl marker, an alkaline
phosphatase isozyme. Simultaneously, the resistance is being tested
in the field and a growth chamber.
In the field and in the growth chamber, three lines (third backcross H-93-33/T. aestivum) homozygous for the gene H27 were detected. H27 was transfered from Ae. ventricosa and has a good level of resistance to Hessian fly. Preliminary results show no effect of the gene for resistance to Hessian fly and agronomic characters.
On the other hand, in trials in Extremadura (in southwestern Spain), we concluded that alternating wheat with 2 consecutive years of a nongramineous crop is enough to cause the disappearance of the insects.
This work is supported by Grant AGF-98-1057-CO4, from the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnología (CICYT) of Spain.
Publications.
Del Moral J, Mejías A, and Corrales D. 1998. Determinación de los momentos de infestación del trigo por Mayetiola destructor Say en el sudeste de España. Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal-Plagas. 24(4).
Del Moral J, Mejías A, and Corrales D. 1988. Identificación de resistencia a Mayetiola destructor Say en dos nuevas variedades de triticale (Triticosecale). Boletín de Sanidad Vegetal-Plagas. 24(4).
Del Moral J and Mejías A. 1998. Parasitism of Mayetiola spp (Diptera Cecidomydae) in winter cereals in Extremadura (Spain). IOBC WPRS Bull. 21(8):145-149.
Lagudah ES, Moullet O, Ogbonnaya F, Eastwood R, Appels R, Jahier J, López-Braña I, and Delibes AA. 1998. In: Proc 7th Inter Cong Plant Path, Edinburgh, Scotland. Paper 3.4.3S.
Lagudah ES, Moullet O, Ogbonnaya F, Seah S, Eastwood R, Apples R, Jahier J, López-Braña I, and Delibes AA. 1998. Cloning of disease resistance gene sequences at loci conferring cyst nematode resistance genes in wheat. In: Proc 9th Inter Wheat Genet Symp (Slinkard AE ed). University Extension Press, Saskatoon, Canada. 6:184-186.
Martín-Sánchez JA, Romero MD, Sin E, Torres L, Martínez C, Michelena A, Zarco J, López-Braña I, Montes MJ, Duce A, Andrés MF, and Delibes AA. 1998. Relationship of resistance gene to Heterodera avenae derived from Aegilops triuncialis to other sources of resistance. Characterization of lines with Cre Aet resistance gene. In: Proc 9th Inter Wheat Genet Symp (Slinkard AE ed). University Extension Press, Saskatoon, Canada. 3:290-291.
Romero D, Montes MJ, Sin E, López-Braña I, Duce A, Martín-Sánchez JA, Andrés MF, and Delibes AA. 1998. Cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae Woll.) resistance gene transferred from Aegilops triuncialis to hexaploid wheat. Theor Appl Genet 96:1135-1140.