UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
in cooperation with
STATE AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIONS
Report on Hard Red Spring Wheat Varieties Grown in Cooperative Plot and
Nursery Experiments in the Spring Wheat Region in 2003
Hard Spring Wheat Nursery Coordinator:
D.F. Garvin, Research Geneticist, USDA-ARS
Report prepared by D.F. Garvin, Z. Blankenheim and J. Mason
This is a joint progress report of cooperative investigations underway in the State Agricultural Experiment Stations and the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. It contains preliminary data which have not been sufficiently confirmed to justify general release, and interpretations may be modified after additional experimentation. Confirmed results will be published through established channels. This report is primarily a tool for use by cooperators and their official staffs, and for those persons having direct and special interest in the development of agricultural research programs.
This report includes data furnished by the State Agricultural Experiment Stations as well as by the Agricultural Research Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. This report is not intended for publication and should not be referred to in literature citations, nor quoted in publicity or advertising.
Use of the data may be granted for certain purposes upon written request to the agency or agencies involved.
Agricultural Research Service
U.S. Department of Agriculture
Midwest Area
St. Paul, Minnesota
January, 2004
2003 HARD RED SPRING WHEAT UNIFORM REGIONAL NURSERY REPORT
CONTENTS PAGE
Cooperating Agencies, Stations and Personnel 1
Provisional Policy for Protected or Patented Genes 3
Spring Wheat Production Statistics 4
Description and Summary of 2003 HRSWURN 5
Figure 1. Geographic Locations of 2003 HRSWURN 6
Table 1. List of Entries in the 2003 HRSWURN 7
Table 2. Nursery Locations and Comparative Plot Management Data 8
Tables 3-21. Nursery Data by Individual Location 9-27
Table 22. Summary of Trait Means Across Locations 28
Table 23. Yield Rankings by Location 29
Table 24. Summary of 2-Year Means Combined Over 2002-2003 30
Table 25. Summary of 3-Year Means Combined Over 2001-2003 31
Table 26. Fusarium Head Blight Reactions, Crookston, MN 32
Table 27. Fusarium Head Blight Reactions, St. Paul, MN 33
Table 28. Adult Plant Leaf and Stem Rust Reactions, St. Paul, MN 34
COOPERATING AGENCIES, STATIONS, AND PERSONNEL FOR THE 2003 HRSWURN
USDA-AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE
National Program Leader K.W. Simmons
Midwest Area Director A.D. Hewings
Nursery Coordinator
Plant Science Research Unit, St. Paul D.F. Garvin
Quality Investigations
Cereal Crops Research Unit, Fargo G. Hareland
Disease Evaluations
Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul J. Kolmer
Y. Jin
MINNESOTA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
St. Paul, University of Minnesota
Agronomy and Plant Genetics J. Anderson
R. Fuentes
G. Linkert
L. Matthiesen
Plant Pathology R. Dill-Macky
Morris, West Central Experiment Station G. Nelson
Crookston, Northwestern Experiment Station J. Wiersma
AGRICULTURE AND AGRI-FOOD CANADA
Winnipeg, Cereal Research Centre (Glenlea)
Breeding and Genetics G. Humphreys
Cereal Diseases T. Fetch
B. McCallum
Swift Current, Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre R. DePauw
D. Dahlman
NORTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Fargo, North Dakota State University
Agronomy W. Berzonsky
M. Mergoum
Plant Pathology J. Rasmussen
Hettinger Research Extension Center E. Eriksmoen
Langdon Research Extension Center B. Hanson
Williston Research Extension Center N. Riveland
Carrington Research Extension Center B. Schatz
S. Zwinger
SOUTH DAKOTA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Brookings, South Dakota State University (inc. Selby, Groton locations)
Agronomy K. Glover
MONTANA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Bozeman, Montana State University L. Talbert
S. Lanning
NEBRASKA AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Scottsbluff, University of Nebraska (Sidney location) D. Baltensperger
G. Frickel
WYOMING AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Powell, University of Wyoming M. Killen
WASHINGTON AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION
Pullman, Washington State University K. Kidwell
G. Shelton
Entering Lines with Protected or Patented Genes into the Hard Red Spring Wheat Uniform Regional Nursery
The following information details the Hard Winter Wheat Regional Program position on this issue. Basically, the same situation exists in the Spring Wheat Region, and it is therefore suggested that these guidelines are appropriate and thus accepted for the Hard Red Spring Wheat Uniform Regional Nursery as well, until such a time as the participants agree to deviate from it:
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From: Robert Graybosch, Coordinator of Hard Winter Wheat Region
A question has arisen as to whether wheat germplasm lines carrying protected or patented genes may be entered in the HWW regional program. We have decided to allow such submissions, on a provisional basis, for the 2001 nurseries. Submissions must adhere to the provisions below, and submissions of such lines after the 2001 year will depend upon the adoption of formal guidelines. We are in the process of drafting a formal plan, hopefully one that will be approved at the 2001 Hard Winter Wheat Workers Conference.
Provisional plan for the submission of lines with patented or protected genes:
Definition: "protected" gene = a gene whose use is restricted by patents, Material Transfer Agreements, or other types of research agreements.
Wheat lines carrying such traits may be entered in the 2001 HWW Regional nurseries (RGON, SRPN, NRPN) under the following conditions:
1. Cooperators may cross with the line in question. Thereafter, the cooperator making such crosses must either have their own research agreement with the trait owner, or, if such an agreement is lacking, they must remove the trait from breeding populations by selection.
2. The owner of the trait has been informed of the submission, and that they agree to the conditions set forth in #1.
3. All other uses of the line are governed by the Wheat Workers Code of Ethics.
4. The trait may not have been inserted into the wheat genome by genetic engineering. In other words, the wheat line in question may not be transgenic.
At this point in time, transgenics may not be entered in the program. I am certain this question will arise in the near future, so I have contacted USDA-APHIS regarding this point. If you are interested in the details, the attached file contains the pertinent points of our e-mail exchange (note by HRSW coordinator: this file is not included in this report). The APHIS responses are in bold. To make a long story short - transgenic wheat lines will be allowed in the regional program only if they have been granted permanent non-regulated status. Non-regulated status is granted only after the originator files a formal petition to de-regulate a line with APHIS.
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SPRING WHEAT PRODUCTION, 2003
SPRING WHEAT OTHER THAN DURUM Growers produced an estimated 532.8 million bushels (13.3 million metric tons) of spring wheat. This production estimate is approximately 35.2 percent higher than year 2002 production, and approximately 4 percent higher than 2001. Yield averaged 39.7 bushels per acre, an increase of 10.4 bushels per acre from year 2002, and 4.5 bushels per acre higher than in year 2001. Area harvested totaled approximately 13.429 million acres (5.37 million hectares), which is approximately the same as the acreage harvested in 2002.
Spring Wheat Production Statistics, 2001-2003.*
|
|
Acres Harvested (1000) |
|
Bushels (1000) |
|
Yield (Bu/Ac) |
||||||
|
|
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
|
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
|
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
|
Minnesota |
1,800 |
1,800 |
1,800 |
|
79,200 |
61,200 |
104,400 |
|
44 |
34 |
58 |
|
Montana |
2,850 |
3,450 |
2,700 |
|
65,550 |
75,900 |
59,400 |
|
23 |
22 |
22 |
|
North Dakota |
6,900 |
5,900 |
6,400 |
|
234,600 |
165,200 |
252,800 |
|
34 |
28 |
39.5 |
|
South Dakota |
1,650 |
1,000 |
1,340 |
|
64,350 |
24,000 |
56,280 |
|
39 |
24 |
42 |
|
USA |
14,569 |
13,463 |
13,429 |
|
512,608 |
393,949 |
532,820 |
|
35.2 |
29.3 |
39.7 |
* Source: National Agricultural Statistics Service: (http://www.usda.gov/nass/pubs/estindx3.htm#wheats)
NURSERY DESCRIPTION AND SUMMARY
The Hard Red Spring Wheat Uniform Regional Nursery (HRSWURN) was planted for the 75th year in 2003. The nursery contained 32 entries submitted by 9 different scientific or industry organizations, and 5 checks (Table 1). Trials were conducted as randomized complete blocks with three replicates. The HRSWURN was planted at 19 locations in 7 different states in the USA (MN, ND, SD, MT, NE, WY, and WA), and at locations in two separate Canadian provinces (Manitoba and Saskatchewan) (Figure 1). All locations provided data for inclusion in this report (Table 2). Data summaries for each of these locations are presented in Tables 3 through 21. For each location summary, entries are listed in descending order of yield. Overall means across locations for a set of core traits are summarized in Table 22, and yield rankings for individual locations are found in Table 23. Two- and 3-year means for entries previously entered in the 2001 and 2002 HRSWURN are presented in Tables 24 and 25. Entries were also evaluated for Fusarium head blight resistance in scab nurseries at St. Paul and Crookston, MN, and adult plant leaf and stem rust resistance was evaluated in one nursery in St. Paul, MN. These data are presented in Tables 25, 26, and 27 respectively. The highest average yielding location was Powell WY, with 114.6 Bu/Ac, while the lowest yielding location was Sidney, NE with 22 Bu/Ac. The average yield for the 19 combined locations was 60.1 Bu/Ac.
Figure 1. Hard Red SpringWheat Uniform Regional Nursery Locations, 2003
