About Cultivar Pedigrees:
------------------------
The pedigree identifies the parents and crossing sequences used to
produce the cultivar. The method used to illustrate pedigrees is a
slightly modified version of the system proposed by Purdy etal in 1969
(589). Use of abbreviations has been minimized. Crosses are
symbolized by combinations of slash marks ("/") with female and male
parents listed to left and right side, respectively. Numbers indicate
the order in which crosses were made:
/ = primary cross
/2/ = secondary cross
/3/ = tertiary cross
/X/ = Xth level cross, etc.
Higher numbers indicate more recent crosses in the sequence. The most
recent or final cross used to create a cultivar is indicated by the
highest number within the pedigree. For example, the pedigree of
"Scout" hard red winter wheat is:
Example 1: Comparison of Purdy pedigree nomenclature to a tree
diagram of the pedigree of Scout hard red winter wheat.
Scout = Nebred /2/ Hope / Turkey Red /3/ Cheyenne / Ponca
OR
Hope Turkey Red
|______ / _____|
|
|
Nebred "?"
|_____ /2/ _____|
| Cheyenne Ponca
| |______ / ____|
| |
| |
"?" "?"
|___________ /3/ __________|
|
|
Scout
In narrative terms, an unidentified progeny of a primary cross between
"Hope" hard red spring wheat and "Turkey Red" hard red winter wheat
was selected and crossed to "Nebred" hard red winter wheat. One of
the progeny selected from the "Nebred/2/Hope/Turkey Red" sequence of
crosses was crossed to another unidentified progeny derived by
crossing "Cheyenne" and "Ponca" hard red winter wheats. The cultivar
Scout was selected from progeny resulting from the final or "/3/"
cross. Specific generations and selection techniques involved are not
indicated (at least not in this version), but may be obtained from the
referenced literature.
Single slash marks are also used where the parents are known, but the
exact sequence of a series of crosses is unknown. Backcrossing
sequences are indicated by use of an asterisk ("*") preceded or
followed by a number to indicate the total number of crosses made with
the recurrent parent (Examples 2 and 3). Left and right parentheses
are used to bracket both the pedigree and designation of breeding
lines contained within a cultivar's pedigree (Example 4). Commas are
used to separate breeding line pedigrees from designations within the
parentheses.
Example 2: Pedigree with three backcrosses of female recurrent parent
for TAM 107 hard red winter wheat.
TAM 107 = TAM 105*4 / Amigo
OR
TAM 105 Amigo
|____ / ____|
|
TAM 105 |
1st backcross> |____ *2 / ____|
|
TAM 105 |
2nd backcross> |____ *3 / ____|
|
TAM 105 |
3rd backcross> |_____ *4 / _____|
|
|
TAM 107
Example 3: Pedigree with three backcrosses of male recurrent parent
for Blueboy II soft red winter wheat.
Blueboy II = Agent / Tascosa /2/ 4*Blueboy
OR
Agent Tascosa
|____ / ____|
|
| Blueboy
|____ /2/ ____|
|
| Blueboy
1st backcross> |____ /2/ 2* ____|
|
| Blueboy
2nd backcross> |____ /2/ 3* ____|
|
| Blueboy
3rd backcross> |____ /2/ 4* ____|
|
|
Blueboy II
Example 4: Use of parentheses to delineate breeding line used in the
pedigree of Pitic 62 hard red spring wheat.
Pitic 62 = Yaktana 54 /2/ (Sel. 26-1c, Norin 10 / Brevor)
^
Indicates Sel. 26-1c as the male
parent of the highest order cross for
Pitic 62, with its own pedigree of
"Norin 10 / Brevor".
OR
Norin 10 Brevor
|________ / ______|
|
|
Yaktana 54 Sel. 26-1c
|__________ /2/ _________|
|
|
Pitic 62
Narratives providing more detailed information are used where
necessary for clarification. Pedigrees of cultivars screened from
another cultivar are listed as "pure line selections". Pedigrees of
true hybrids are not presented, but simply identified as "F1 hybrids".
Pedigrees of cultivars phenotypically selected from mixtures or out-
crosses in commercial fields are listed as "farmer selections" with
the original source material identified where-ever possible.
Pedigrees for breeding lines and cultivars used as parents but not
listed in this publication can most likely be found in similar
publications by Brajcich etal (79), Cox and Shroyer (187), Skovmand
and Rajaram (708), Villareal and Rajaram (820), and Zeven and Zeven-
Hissink (869).