// cwc4.txt: Text file containing hard red spring wheat records
// created: 1/30/93
// format: Standard ACSII using blank lines as record breaks.
// Not converted with dos2unix.
// author: Kenneth D. Kephart
// Dept. of Agronomy
// University of Missouri
// comment: Number 4 of 9 files sent to greengenes.cit.cornell.edu
Cultivar Name: 2371
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1991
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Cultivar Name: 715
Other ID Numbers: 75S2631
Other Name(s): HT Brand 715, NK715, Probrand 715
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI486143
PVP Reg. Number: 8300068
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 01/31/86
Year of Release: 1983
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Northrup King & Co., Minneappolis, MN; Rohm and
Haas Seeds, Inc., Philadelphia, PA
Pedigree: Era / Justin
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for 715 wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 33,716
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: 83501
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
PVP Reg. Number: 8600025
PVP Status: Abandoned/Withdrawn Date: 11/08/88
Originator(s): Sogetal, Inc.,
Cultivar Name: A99AR
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8200159
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 12/30/82
Year of Release: 1982
or Introduction
Originator(s): Causmex Corp., El Paso, TX
Pedigree: Composite cross of Canadian and U.S. hard red
spring wheats with II-22364 (see Zaragoza 75).
Cultivar Name: AIM
Name Abbreviation: AIM
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 7900005
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 10/18/79
Year of Release: 1979
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Western Plant Breeders, Bozeman, Montana
Pedigree: Male sterile recurrent selection of unknown
germplasm.
Reference(s): 194, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for AIM wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 10,137
1984: 28,809
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: ALEX
Name Abbreviation: ALEX-U
Other ID Numbers: ND550
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17910
Year of Release: 1981
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Waldron /5/ (RL4205, Pembina*6 /2/ Thatcher*3 /
Transfer /4/ Pembina*6 /3/ Thatcher*2 /2/
Marquis*6 / Red Egyptian) /9/ (ND496, Waldron /8/
(ND269, Conley /7/ (ND122, Maria Escobar /
Newthatch /6/ Kenya 338AA /5/ Lee /4/ (N1831, Mida
/3/ (N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-15) /2/
Thatcher)))))
Reference(s): 72, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for ALEX wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 628,137
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: AMIDON
Other ID Numbers: ND606
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI527682
Year of Release: 1988
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Suweon 28-1*2 /6/ Lew /5/ Tioga*2 /4/ (RL6043,
CItr17755, Thatcher*6 /3/ Tetra Canthatch /2/
Aegilops squarrosa / RL5289)
Reference(s): 73
Cultivar Name: ANGUS
Name Abbreviation: AGS
Other ID Numbers: MN II-64-27
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17744
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-623
Year of Release: 1978
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Thatcher / 2*Supreza /3/ Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 /
Newthatch /7/ Pembina / Frontana / 5*Thatcher /6/
Mida /2/ Kenya 117A / 2*Thatcher /3/ Frontana /
4*Thatcher /4/ (III-58-4, MT Semidwarf #839,
(Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel. 14) /2/ ?*Centana) /5/
Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ 3*Lee
Reference(s): 82, 194, 232, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for ANGUS wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 45,630
1984: 63,169
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Angus Wheat (Reg. No. 623).
F. A. Elsayed, R. E. Heiner, D. V. McVey, and R. D. Wilcoxson
'ANGUS', CI 17744, a semidwarf hard red spring wheat [Triticum
aestivum L. em. Thell.], was developed jointly by the Minnesota
Agricultural Experiment Station and AR, SEA, USDA. It was named and
released in 1978. Angus has been tested in Minnesota yield trials
since 1969 as MN II-64-27 and was grown in the USDA Uniform Regional
Hard Red Spring Wheat Performance Nursery from 1972 to 1977.
Angus was selected from the cross 'Thatcher' / 2*'Supreza' /3/
'Frontana' /2/'Kenya 58' / 'Newthatch' /7/ 'Pembina' / Frontana /
5*Thatcher /6/ 'Mida' /2/ 'Kenya 117A' / 2*Thatcher /3/ Frontana /
4*Thatcher /4/ 'MN III-58-4' /5/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ 3*'Lee'.
The semidwarf character was introduced through a selection obtained
from Montana and labelled MN III-58-4.
Angus is bronze chaffed, midseason to late in maturity, and is
adapted for planting in the northern areas of the North Central spring
wheat region of the United States. It has good lodging resistance.
The spike is awned, fusiform, and middense. Kernels are red, hard,
and medium in length. Angus is resistant to the prevalent races of
stem rust (incited by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E.
Henn.) and to most other virulent isolates found in low frequency in
the recent stem rust surveys. The cultivar has a different leaf rust
(incited by P. recondita Rob. ex Desm. f. sp tritici Eriks.) gene(s)
than 'Chris' and 'Era'. It is also tolerant of powdery mildew
(incited by Erysiphe graminis De. f. sp. tritici E. Marshel) and ergot
(incited by Claviceps purpurea [Fr.] Tul.). The hectoliter weight for
Angus is similar to that of 'Polk', Chris, and Era, but better than
'Kitt', 'Olaf', and 'Waldron'. Angus produces 15 to 30% more grain
than Chris and Waldron. Regional and Minnesota performance trials
show that Angus is similar to Kitt but slightly lower than Era in
yield in Minnesota, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Montana.
Milling and performance mixing characteristics, and general bread
making quality of Angus are satisfactory. Angus is equivalent to
Chris and superior to Era in bake absorption and loaf volume, but has
a longer mixing time than Chris and Era. Breeder seed will be
maintained by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 19:749-750.
Cultivar Name: ANZA
Name Abbreviation: ANZA
Other ID Numbers: D6413, D6923, II-8739-4R-1M-1R
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15284
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-687
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): INIA; Rockefeller Foundation; California AES
Pedigree: Yaktana 54 /2/ Norin 10 / Brevor /3/ 3*Andes /4/
Norin 10 / Brevor /2/ Lerma Rojo
Reference(s): 82, 194, 373, 593, 598, 630, 707, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for ANZA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 178,419
1979: 391,487
1984: 302,411
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Anza Wheat (Reg. No. 687).
C. O. Qualset, H. E. Vogt, and N. E. Borlaug
'ANZA' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), CI 15284,
(Reg. no. 687) was bred and selected in Mexico by N.E. Borlaug and
associates in the Mexico-Rockefeller Foundation prior to the formation
of CIMMYT, (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center) and sent
to California in 1964. It was evaluated t Davis in 1964 and in
statewide tests in 1965 under the designation D6413. It was
reintroduced to California in 1969 in the CIMMYT International Spring
Wheat Yield Nursery and subsequently tested throughout California as
D6923. The cultivar was named and released by the California
Agricultural Experiment Station in 1971. Subsequently or
simultaneously very similar or identical cultivars were released in
New Zealand ('Karamu'), Sudan ('Mexicani', South Africa ('Turpin 4'),
Chile ('SNA-1', and Iran ('Moghan-1'). The same or a very similar
line was used in Australian breeding programs as WW15, but not
released in that country as a cultivar.
Anza was selected from the cross ('Lerma Rojo' X 'Norin 10'-
'Brevor') X [('Yaktana 54' X Norin 10-Brevor) X 'Andes']. Its hybrid
and selection number in Mexico is II8739-4R-1M-1R. Anza was selected
for uniformity at Davis and the cultivar was released as a bulk of
about 250 head-row-derived lines from II8739-4R-1M-1R.
Anza is widely adapted in regions throughout the world where
cultivars with spring growth habit are planted in the fall and winter.
At the time of release, the yield performance of Anza was about 20%
higher than commercial cultivars in California. Performance data from
the International Spring Wheat Yield Nursery showed that Anza was
high-yielding in a large number of countries. Typically, Anza has low
grain protein concentration and does not perform well in breadmaking
tests at high or low protein levels. It is well-accepted in
California for general purpose (family) flour use. Flour yield is
high and milling performance is generally very satisfactory.
Anza has resistance to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia
striiformis West.) and to the barley yellow dwarf virus, both of which
attribute to its good performance in California. Anza has been the
dominant cultivar in California since 1975 and was a major contributor
to expanded wheat area (3-fold since 1970) and yield per hectare (two-
fold since 1970). It is also widely grown in Spain and Portugal.
Anza is short-statured (80 to 90 cm in irrigated production
fields), having the Rh-1 gene from Norin 10. It has excellent lodging
resistance and is midseason to medium late in maturity. Shatter
resistance is excellent. Spikes are fully awned, middense, and erect
with a tendency to nod at maturity. Glumes are short-awned, cream to
white in color. The peduncle tends to S-shape. Anza is distinctly
bimorphic in height. About 0.5% or fewer of the plants are about 10
cm taller than the general population. This instability in height has
not been removed by repeated rigorous head-row selection. Kernels are
red, medium in size, tending toward soft texture, and, rather low in
protein content; hectoliter weight is excellent.
Breeder and foundation seed are maintained by the Foundation Seed
and Plant Materials Service, Dept. of Agronomy and Range Sci., Univ.
of California, Davis CA 95616.
Published in Crop Sci. 24:827-828.
Cultivar Name: APEX
Name Abbreviation: APEX
Other ID Numbers: CAN1857, CAN3665
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11636
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-320
Year of Release: 1937
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Marquis / Iumillo /2/ Kanred / Marquis /3/ (H.44-
24, Hard Red Calcutta / Red Fife) /4/ Marquis
Reference(s): 64, 143, 154, 155, 163, 164, 255, 256, 512, 569,
655, 751, 755, 756, 797
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for APEX wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 637
1944: 22,884
1949: 7,220
1954: 1,663
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF APEX WHEAT (Reg. No. 320)
J. A. Clark
APEX (Sask. No. 1703, C. A. N. No. 1857; C. I. 11636) was
developed from a hybrid between H-44-Double cross (F1) X Marquis, made
at the University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Sask., in 1927. The
cross and selection resulting in Apex were made by J. B. Harrington,
who applied for its registration. The strain was tested for 6 years
in Saskatoon, and for 4 years at 12 stations in Alberta, Saskatchewan.
and Manitoba, Canada.
Apex is a hard red spring wheat with awnleted spikes and white,
glabrous glumes, resembling Marquis in general appearance. The
superior characters of Apex are resistance to stem rust, high yield,
and quality. The variety was distributed for commercial growing in
1937. The comparative data upon which registration is based are shown
in Table 2.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Comparative yields of Apex and other standard hard red
spring wheats grown in nursery experiments (four to six
replications) at 12 experiment stations in Alberta,
Saskatchewan and Manitoba, Canada, 1933-1936.*
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yield in bushels per acre Percentage
------------------------------------- of
Variety 1933 1934 1935 1936 Ave. Marquis
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Apex (new) 35.7 29.6 26.3 18.3 27.5 110.0
Marquis (standard) 34.8 28.4 19.4 17.4 25.0 100.0
Reward (standard) 28.7 27.1 22.4 16.9 23.8 95.2
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* For further information on Apex wheat see Univ. Saskatchewan,
Field Husb. Dept., Circ. No. 534, Oct. 1935 (Mimeographed). The
Western Producer, Oct. 3, 1935. (Published at Saskatoon weekly by
Sask. Wheat Pool.)
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 29:1031-1932.
Cultivar Name: APEX 83
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8400024
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 12/31/86
Year of Release: 1983
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Western Plant Breeders, Bozeman, Montana
Reference(s): 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for APEX 83 wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 10,687
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: BR5702
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI547096
PVP Reg. Number: 9100077
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1991
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Farmer's Marketing Corp., Phoenix, Arizona
Pedigree: Selected form an unidentified male sterile
recurrent slection population.
Cultivar Name: BR5738
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI547097
PVP Reg. Number: 9100078
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1991
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Farmer's Marketing Corp., Phoenix, Arizona
Pedigree: Selected from an unidentified male sterile
recurrent selection population.
Cultivar Name: BAKER
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8800231
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 08/31/89
Year of Release: 1987
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Western Plant Breeders, Inc., Bozeman, Montana
Cultivar Name: BANNOCK
Name Abbreviation: BNC
Other ID Numbers: ID0028
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15318
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-523
Year of Release: 1972
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Idaho
Originator(s): Idaho AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Norin 10 / Brevor /2/ Turkey /3/ 2*Centana
Reference(s): 82, 268, 370, 373, 630, 647, 707, 775, 780, 792
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BANNOCK wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 16,294
1979: 49,844
1984: 24,542
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Bannock Wheat (Reg. No. 523).
D. W. Sunderman, Martin Wise, and Marie Sneed
'BANNOCK,' CI 15318, is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) developed cooperatively by the Idaho Agricultural
Experiment Station and the Western Region, Agricultural Research
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Bannock was released jointly
by the Agricultural Research Service and the Idaho Agricultural
Experiment Station in 1972 for use on dryland in southern Idaho.
Bannock was selected from the cross 'Norin 10' / 'Brevor' /2/
'Turkey' /3/ 2*'Centana' made at the Aberdeen Branch of the Idaho
Agricultural Experiment Station in 1961. The variety evolved from a
single F3 line selected in 1963. It has been in Idaho yield trials
since 1964. It was entered in the 1969 and 1970 Western Regional
Spring Wheat Nursery.
Bannock is an early, medium-height variety with moderately strong
straw. In 4 years of testing at Tetonia, the yield of Bannock has
average 2,273 kg/ha (33.8 bu/acre) compared with 2,058 kg/ha (30.6
bu/acre) for 'Red River 68' and 1,850 kg/ha (27.5 bu/acre) for
'Moran.' Bannock has a slightly lower test weight than Red River 68.
It is moderately susceptible to stripe, leaf, and stem rust. The
milling and baking properties of Bannock have been superior to those
of 'Thatcher,' 'Komar,' and Red River 68 and equal to those of Moran.
Spikes of Bannock are inclined, awned, fusiform and middense.
Glumes are white, midlong, midwide; shoulders midwide, oblique to
elevated; beaks narrow, acuminate, 2 to 7 mm long. Kernels are hard,
red, midlong, ovate; germ midsized; crease midwide, shallow to
middeep; cheeks rounded; brush midsized, midlong.
Breeder seed will be maintained by the University of Idaho at the
Tetonia Branch Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 13:288.
Cultivar Name: BARTON
Name Abbreviation: BTN
Other ID Numbers: ND517
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17444
Year of Release: 1975
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Canthatch / Frontana / Kenya Farmer
Reference(s): 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BARTON wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 1,311
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: BENITO
Name Abbreviation: BNI
Other ID Numbers: RL4314, BW20, PGR 11971
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI496257
Year of Release: 1979
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada, Research Branch, Winnipeg,
Manitoba
Pedigree: Neepawa /10/ (Manitou*4 /2/ Africa 43 / 3*Thatcher
/3/ Manitou*5 /2/ Exchange / 3*Thatcher /8/
(RL4204, (RL4125, Thatcher*7 / Frontana /2/
Thatcher / Kenya Farmer)*5 /3/ Thatcher*2 / Red
Egyptian /5/ (RL4125, Thatcher*7 / Frontana /2/
Thatcher / Kenya Farmer) /3/ Thatcher*6 / PI170925
/4/ (RL4125, Thatcher*7 / Frontana /2/ Thatcher /
Kenya Farmer)*4 /3/ Thatcher*3 / Transfer)*2 /6/
Manitou*3 /2/ Webster / 4*Thatcher /7/ Manitou*5
/2/ Centenario / 6*Thatcher, RL4255)*4 /9/ Manitou
/ CItr7090
Reference(s): 111
Cultivar Name: BERGEN
Other ID Numbers: HS85-0902
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI538768
PVP Reg. Number: 9000101
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1990
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): AgriPro Biosciences, Inc., Mission, Kansas
Pedigree: (((((Thatcher / Supreza, M2824)*2 /3/ (II-50-72,
Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch), II-55-10,
CItr15523) /7/ Pembina /2/ (II-52-329, Frontana /
5*Thatcher) /6/ (Mida /2/ Kenya 117A / 2*Thatcher
/3/ Frontana / 4*Thatcher, II-53-388) /4/ (III-58-
4, MT Semidwarf #839, (Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel. 14)
/2/ ?*Centana) /5/ (II-53-546, CItr13405, Lee /2/
(II-44-29, Kenya 58 / Newthatch)), II-62-68) /8/
Tobari 66 /9/ Fletcher / Ciano 67, MN69124) /10/
Lovrin 11 /2/ Era / Tobari 66, MN74103) /11/
(MN72149, Tezanos Piintos Precoz /2/ IRN45 / Ciano
67 /3/ Angus) /12/ Era /13/ Angus
Cultivar Name: BIGGAR
Other ID Numbers: HY368
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada Research Station, Swift
Current, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Composite of 43 hard-kernelled selections from
HY320: Tobari 66 / Romany
Cultivar Name: BOLTON BLUESTEM
Other ID Numbers: Minn. No. 146, ND No. 780
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr1573
Year of Release: <1893
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): Thomas Bolton, Park River, North Dakota
Pedigree: Unknown farmer selection.
Reference(s): 120
Cultivar Name: BONANZA
Name Abbreviation: BON
Other ID Numbers: II-19957
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14077
PVP Reg. Number: 7100023
PVP Status: Expired Date:03/19/91
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-496
Year of Release: 1969
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; DeKalb AgResearch, Inc., Fargo, North
Dakota
Pedigree: Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/
Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64
Reference(s): 82, 194, 552, 620, 630, 631, 818, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BONANZA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 659
1974: 373,031
1979: 9,102
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Bonanza Wheat (Reg. No. 496).
G. Vazquez and W. W. Roath
'BONANZA,' a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.
Thell.) CI 14077, was released by DeKalb AgResearch, Inc., in 1969.
The variety originated from the cross 'Pitic 62'/'Chris'sib/2/'Sonora
64'. The original cross was made by CIMMYT, and the variety evolved
from an individual plant selection made from a segregating F5
population by DeKalb AgResearch, Inc.
Bonanza has a spring habit, midseason maturity and semidwarf in
height, stem white, strong, hollow; spike awned, oblong, middense,
inclined; glume glabrous, white, midlong, midwide; shoulders narrow,
oblique to rounded; beaks narrow, acuminate 6 to 11 mm. long; awns
white, 3 to 5 cm long; kernels red, short, hard, ovate; germ midsized;
crease narrow, mid-deep; cheeks rounded; brush large, mid-long.
Bonanza resists leaf, stem, and stripe rust under field
conditions. It has shown some susceptibility to Septoria and
Pyrenophora; however, no symptoms of mildew or other diseases have
been noticed.
Bonanza tillers abundantly, has short stiff straw that may be
affected by weathering after ripening. These straw characters permit
high fertilization under adequate moisture conditions. Heads are
medium to large in size, and resistant to shattering.
Bonanza is best adapted to areas where irrigation is practiced or
where adequate moisture conditions exist in the hard red spring wheat
areas of North and South Dakota, Montana, and Minnesota.
The grain and flour qualities of Bonanza are satisfactory in
meeting hard red spring wheat quality standards. The grain is hard
and has satisfactory test weight and flour yield. The flour protein
and bake absorption are satisfactory for the northern U.S. hard red
spring wheat area. Bonanza is a strong-gluten variety with very
satisfactory loaf volume and internal loaf properties which, with its
excellent dough handling properties, makes it a strong blending wheat.
DeKalb AgResearch, Inc. is the source of registered seed for this
variety.
Published in Crop Sci. 12:129.
Cultivar Name: BORAH
Name Abbreviation: BRH
Other ID Numbers: ID0043
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17267
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-553
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Idaho
Originator(s): Idaho AES; Oregon AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Thatcher*2 / Kenya Farmer /4/ (Norin 10 / Brevor
/2/ ?*Centana, III-58-1) /3/ Frontana / 3*Thatcher
Reference(s): 82, 189, 194, 268, 370, 373, 517, 647, 707, 760,
780
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BORAH wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 43,269
1984: 31,476
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Borah Wheat (Reg. No. 553).
D. W. Sunderman and Bernard Bruinsma
BORAH (CI 17267) is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum
(L.) em. Thell.), which was released jointly by the ARS and the Idaho
and Oreg. Agr. Exp. Stns. in 1974.
Borah was selected in 1968 as an F4 line from the cross No.58 /
'Thatcher' /2/ Thatcher / 'Kenya Farmer' /3/ Minnesota III-58-1 /2/
'Frontana' / 3*Thatcher made at the Aberdeen branch of the Idaho Agr.
Exp. Stn. in 1964. It has been evaluated in Idaho yield trials since
1968 and was entered in the 1971 western regional spring wheat
nursery.
Borah is a semidwarf, stiff-strawed variety of medium maturity.
It is shorter than 'Peak 72' and 'Fremont,' with an average height of
81 cm when grown under irrigation. Spikes of Borah are inclined,
awned, fusiform to oblong, and middense. Glumes are glabrous, white,
midlong, and midwide; shoulders midwide and square to elevated; beaks
narrow, acuminate, and 2 to 8-mm long. Kernels are hard, red,
midlong, and ovate; crease narrow and middeep; cheeks rounded; brush
midsized and midlong. Borah has been resistant to the races of leaf,
stripe, and stem rust found in Idaho. It has also been resistant to
stem rust in the field rust nursery at St. Paul, Minn.
Borah has outyielded both Peak 72 and Fremont in Idaho yield
trials. Borah had an average yield of 6,302 kg/ha compared with 5,891
and 5,999 kg/ha for Peak 72 and Fremont, respectively for the 3-ear,
two-station averages of the three varieties grown under irrigation.
In 3 years of testing under nonirrigated conditions at Tetonia, Borah
ranked second, slightly below 'Bannock,' for yield among all varieties
tested. Borah has had a test weight slightly lower than that of Peak
72 and higher than that of Fremont. Quality characteristics are
satisfactory; however, dough-mixing time of Borah is moderately short,
much shorter than those of Peak and Peak 72.
Breeder seed of all four wheat cultivars will be maintained by
the University of Idaho at the Tetonia Branch Exp. Stn.
Published in Crop Sci. 15:104.
Cultivar Name: BOUNTY 208
Name Abbreviation: BTY208
Other ID Numbers: II-19957
Other Name(s): II-19957
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15078
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-525
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; Cargill Wheat Research, Cargill Inc., Ft
Collins, Colorado
Pedigree: Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/
Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64
Reference(s): 82, 191, 194, 268, 373, 620, 630, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BOUNTY 208 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 786,735
1979: 32,640
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Bounty 208 Wheat (Reg. No. 525).
Byrd C. Curtis, David R. Johnston, and H. Allan Mann
'BOUNTY 208,' (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), CI 15078, a hard
red spring wheat, was selected by Cargill breeders from germplasm
received from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
(CIMMYT), Mexico D.F., Mexico.
Bounty 208 is described as follows: plant early maturing,
daylength insensitive, semidwarf stature; stem white, strong; spike
awned, middense, multiflorous, glumes glabrous, shoulders rounded to
elevated; kernels red, short to midlong, hard ovate; germ midsized;
crease midwide, shallow; beaks narrow, acuminate 3 to 8 mm long.
Bounty 208 has high resistance to stem rust, moderate resistance
to leaf rust, and is not normally infected by ergot.
The first registered seed was distributed in 1971, primarily in
the Red River Valley of North Dakota and Minnesota and the
intermountain areas of Montana, Wyoming, Idaho, and Colorado.
Excellent yields have been produced by Bounty 208 in the hard red
spring wheat region and in the southern part of Idaho. It is
particularly responsive to good growing environment and under such
conditions will usually exceed the yield of Waldron by 10 to 20%. In
lower yielding environments it is only slightly higher yielding than
Waldron. One of the outstanding features of Bounty 208 is its high
test weight.
Bounty 208 has excellent milling and baking properties except
that it is slightly low in absorption and protein content. It excels
as a blending wheat to upgrade the strength of mellow wheats.
Breeder seed of Bounty 208 will be maintained by Cargill, Inc. at
the Cargill Wheat Research Station, Fort Collins, Colorado.
Published in Crop Sci. 13:495-496.
Cultivar Name: BOUNTY 309
Name Abbreviation: BTY309
Other ID Numbers: II-25753, Cargill 309
Other Name(s): II-25753
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17315
PVP Reg. Number: 7400068
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date:10/17/75
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-552
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; Cargill Wheat Research, Cargill Inc., Ft
Collins, Colorado
Pedigree: Centrifen /5/ (II-8156, (Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 /
Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 / Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo
55) /6/ Chris /2/ Tom Thumb / Sonora 64 /7/
Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch
Reference(s): 82, 189, 194, 268, 342, 373, 620, 707, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BOUNTY 309 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 103,957
1984: 37,635
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Bounty 309 Wheat (Reg. No. 552).
David R. Johnston, Byrd C. Curtis, and Bill J. Roberts
'BOUNTY 309' [Triticum aestivum (L.) em. Thell., CI 17315] a
hard, red, spring wheat, was selected by Cargill breeders from
germplasm received from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement
Center (CIMMYT), Mexico D.F., Mexico. The experimental designation
during development was Cargill 309.
Bounty 309 is described as follows: Plant spring habit, medium
maturing, relatively daylength insensitive (similar to 'Inia 66'),
semidwarf stature; stem white, strong, spike awned, tapering,
middense, multiflorous, inclined; glumes glabrous, long, midwide,
white shoulders wanting at base and apiculate at apex, beaks midwide,
acuminate, 5 to 10-mm long; awns white, 3 to 8-cm long; kernels red,
midlong, hard, elliptical, germ midsized, crease midwide, middeep;
cheeks rounded; brush midsized, short.
Bounty 309 has stem rust resistance equal to that of 'Chris,'
'Manitou,' and 'Neepawa.' It is susceptible to certain stem rust
races of the group 11-32-113. It has moderate resistance to leaf rust
and is not normally infected by ergot.
The development of Bounty 309 by Cargill began in 1968 from a
composite of head selections made from the CIMMYT cross II-25753 grown
as an F2 at Obregon, Mex. Individual plant selections from the F3
population grown at Ft. Collins in 1968 were grown as F5 progenies in
California, in the winter of 1968 to 69. Plant selections were grown
as F5's at Glyndon, Minn., in 1969 where a single F5 plant progeny was
harvested in bulk for subsequent yield testing. Yield trials, which
included Bounty 309, have been conducted in California, Arizona,
Idaho, Minnesota,North Dakota, South Dakota, and Colorado during the
period 1970 to 1973. Observation trials have been grown in Washington
and Oregon.
Bounty 309 is best adapted to the hard, red, spring wheat areas
of Colorado, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota and also
performs well in Arizona, Oregon, and California.
In quality characteristics Bounty 309 has good absorption
(similar to that of Chris and 'Waldron'), medium dough mixing
properties, and good loaf volume. It is slightly lower in protein
content but has other milling and baking properties similar to Chris.
Breeder seed of Bounty 309 will be maintained by Cargill, Inc. at
the Cargill Wheat Research Station, Fort Collins, Colo. Application
has been made to the USDA for a Plant Variety Protection Certificate.
Published in Crop Sci. 15:104.
Cultivar Name: BRANDON 123
Other Name(s): Newmarq
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12027
Year of Release: <1939
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Brandon,
Manitoba
Pedigree: Hope / Marquis
Cultivar Name: BRONZE CHIEF
Other ID Numbers: GP1106
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8500071
PVP Status: Abandoned/Withdrawn Date: 06/15/88
Year of Release: 1985
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Great Plains Seed and Research, Inc., Bozeman,
Montana
Pedigree: McKay / Plainsman V
Cultivar Name: BRUTE
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8500072
PVP Status: Abandoned/Withdrawn Date: 06/15/88
Year of Release: 1985
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Great Plains Seed and Research, Inc., Bozeman,
Montana
Cultivar Name: BUCK MAPUCHE
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Cultivar Name: BUCKSHOT
Name Abbreviation: BUS
Other ID Numbers: HS79-561
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI481541
PVP Reg. Number: 8400014
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 01/31/86
Year of Release: 1983
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): North American Plant Breeders, Inc., Mission,
Kansas
Pedigree: Waldron / Era /3/ Angus /2/ Ciano 67 / Tezanos
Pintos Precoz
Reference(s): 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BUCKSHOT wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 8,316
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: BUTTE
Name Abbreviation: BTT
Other ID Numbers: ND519
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17681
Year of Release: 1977
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Justin /5/ (ND264, (Lee /3/ Kenya 338AA /2/ Lee /
Mida, ND138) /4/ Lee /3/ (II-143-2C-2C-1C,
PI186035, Kenya / 2*Marroqui /2/ Peru)), ND480)
/6/ Polk /7/ (Wis. 261, Penjamo 62 /2/ Henry*7 /
P54 /5/ Kenya 184 /4/ 7*(Wis. 250-2-3-3-1, Henry
/3/ (Wis. 244, H196-21, CItr12617, Thatcher /2/
Illinois No. 1*2 / Hope)) /6/ Kenya 184 /4/
4*(Wis. 250-6-10-2-2-1, Henry /3/ (Wis. 244,
Thatcher /2/ Illinois No. 1*2 / Hope)))
Reference(s): 72, 82, 189, 263, 370, 620, 707, 780
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for BUTTE wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 1,841,384
1984: 831,677
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: BUTTE 86
Name Abbreviation: BTT86
Other ID Numbers: ND597
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Butte*2 /11/ (Waldron /8/ (ND269, Conley /7/
(ND122, Maria Escobar / Newthatch /6/ Kenya 338AA
/5/ Lee /4/ (N1831, Mida /3/ (N1530, (H-44 /
Ceres, N1349-15) /2/ Thatcher)))) /9/ (Justin /2/
Dakuru / 3*Conley, ND457) /3/ Agent / T.
Timopheevi, ND551) /10/ Butte*2 /6/ (ND507,
Waldron /5/ (RL4205, Pembina*6 /2/ Thatcher*3 /
Transfer /4/ Pembina*6 /3/ Thatcher*2 /2/
Marquis*6 / Red Egyptian))
Reference(s): 73, 483
Cultivar Name: CT 231
Other ID Numbers: CT 231
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13221
Year of Release: 1956
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Canada Department of Agriculture, Winnipeg,
Manitoba
Pedigree: Lee*6 / Kenya Farmer
Reference(s): 81, 627
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CT 231 wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 41,273
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: CADET
Name Abbreviation: CDT-U
Other ID Numbers: Ns.1597, 1290A-1-76-7-3-1
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12053
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-343
Year of Release: 1946
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): USDA-BPISAE
Pedigree: Merit / Thatcher
Reference(s): 47, 64, 151, 155, 627, 655, 746, 750, 754
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CADET wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 626,282
1954: 263,900
1959: 4,640
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF CADET WHEAT (Reg. No. 343)
J. A. Clark
CADET (N. No. 1597, CI 12053) was developed from a Merit X
Thatcher cross by the United States Department of Agriculture in
cooperation with eight states of the Hard Spring Wheat Region. The
cross was made in a greenhouse in the winter of 1936-37. Two
generations a year of the early progeny of the cross were grown at
Langdon, N.Dak., and Bozeman, Mont., in the summer and through the
further use of greenhouses near Washington, D.C., in the winter. An
F6 selection 1290A-1-76-7-3-=1 increased at Mesa, Ariz., in the winter
of 1939-40 resulted in Cadet wheat.
Cadet was grown in the Uniform Regional Nursery in eight states
during the 3-year period 1940 to 1942, inclusive. It was made a
uniform variety for the plot experiments at 24 cooperating stations in
the spring wheat region in 1942. The plot results from 1941 to 1945
show Cadet outyielded Thatcher at 16 or two-thirds of the stations.
Cadet is awnless and has outyielded the other awnless wheats,
Newthatch, Thatcher, Regent, Renown, and Marquis, for the region in
the order named. Cadet has yielded somewhat less than the bearded
varieties Mida, Pilot, and Rival, but more than Ceres. In stem-rust
resistance Cadet averaged slightly better than the above varieties in
both the plot and Uniform Rust Nursery for the period of years grown.
For leaf rust and bunt resistance Cadet is intermediate among the
above-named varieties.
In milling and baking tests, Cadet has compared favorably with
Thatcher, being about equal in test weight and flour yield and better
in crude protein content, water absorption, loaf volume, crumb color,
and grain texture. Cadet also exceeds the other uniform varieties in
the average of these properties.
Cadet has strong straw, does not shatter, and is several days
later than the other awnless wheats except Marquis to which it is
similar. Because of this later maturity, Cadet has yielded best in
the northern part of the region. Cadet was increased in 1944, and in
1945 about 500 bushels were released for commercial growing
cooperatively by the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and
the United States Department of Agriculture.
Published in Agron. J. 42:408-409.
Cultivar Name: CAJEME 71
Name Abbreviation: CJ
Other ID Numbers: II-23584
Other Name(s): Bluebird 4, II-23584
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI519545
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: (Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher
/3/ Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64, II-19957)
/6/ Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor /7/ (II-8156,
(Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 /
Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55)
Reference(s): 82, 194, 373, 630, 707, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CAJEME 71 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 130,604
1979: 36,490
1984: 5,622
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: CANTHATCH
Name Abbreviation: CTH
Other ID Numbers: CT186, RL2936
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13345
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-423
Year of Release: 1959
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Rust Area Project, Cereal Crops Division, Canada
Dept of Agriculture, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: Thatcher*6 / Kenya Farmer
Reference(s): 46, 81, 82, 107, 256, 627, 628, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CANTHATCH wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 4,623
1964: 303,171
1969: 115,665
1974: 90,492
1979: 58,312
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Canthatch Wheat (Reg. No. 423).
A. B. Campbell
CANTHATCH, R. L. 2936, CI 13345, was developed by the Rust Area
Project Group, centered at the Canada Department of Agriculture
Research Station, Winnipeg. The parentage is Thatcher6 X Kenya
Farmer, the crosses having been made during the period 1951 to 1953.
It was licensed and distributed in Canada in 1959.
Canthatch, a hard red spring wheat, has the Sr7 gene and is
resistant to biotypes of stem rust races 11 and 15B to which Thatcher
is susceptible. In all other respects it is similar to Thatcher.
Thatcher and Canthatch can only be distinguished by the use of
differential races of stem rust.
Canthatch is best adapted to the brown soil zones of Saskatchewan
and Alberta. Forty-two tests in this area during the period 1956 to
1959 gave a mean yield of 30.5 bushels per acre for Canthatch, and
30.0 for Thatcher. It is not useful in the leaf rust area because of
its susceptibility to this disease.
Pure seed is maintained in Canada from 183 Breeder Lines of
separate identity.
Published in Crop Sci. 3:457-458.
Cultivar Name: CANUCK
Name Abbreviation: CUK
Other ID Numbers: CT774
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17342
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-646
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Canthatch /3/ Mida / Cadet /2/ Rescue
Reference(s): 189, 198, 199, 454
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Canuck Wheat (Reg. No. 646).
R. M. De Pauw and D. S. McBean
'CANUCK,' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.),
CI 17342, was developed by the Research Station, Agriculture Canada,
Swift Current, Saskatchewan. it received license number 1533 in
Canada in April 1974.
Canuck was selected from a cross between 'Canthatch' and a sawfly
resistant line from 'Mida'/'Cadet'/2/'Rescue.' It was developed using
a modified pedigree breeding system and tested in the Western Bread
Wheat Cooperative Tests as CT 774. Breeder seed was developed by
bulking the progeny from 98 uniform plant rows.
In 109 station-years of tests in Western Canada during the period
1968 to 1973, Canuck averaged 9% higher grain yield than 'Cypress' and
10% less than 'Neepawa.' In the drier prairie area where the wheat
stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nott.) is likely to be a serious pest of
wheat. Canuck averages 10% higher yield than Cypress and 2% more than
Neepawa. Canuck has a solid stem which confers a high degree of
resistance to the wheat stem sawfly.
Canuck is medium late, tall, moderately susceptible to lodging
and shattering. The spikes are fusiform, midlong, apically awnletted;
glumes are glabrous and white; shoulders are oblique to rounded and
slightly elevated at the tip; and beaks are short, midwide and obtuse.
The kernels are ovate and midlong; the germ is oval and midsize; the
crease is midwide and middeep, and the cheeks are rounded to angular.
The brush is midsize to midlong.
It is resistant to common root rot [caused by Bipolaris
sorokiniana (Sacc. in Sorok.) Shoem and Fusarium sp.], loose smut
[caused by Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr.]; moderately resistant to
common bunt [caused by Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro and Tilletia
caries (DC.) Tul.] and to stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.
f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.); and susceptible to leaf rust
(caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici).
The Canadian Expert Committee on Grain Quality has rated Canuck
equal in breadmaking quality to 'Marquis' and noted that it had a very
high flour yield. Canuck has a higher amylograph viscosity than
Cypress, although it does not reach the level of the 'Thatcher' types.
A more detailed description of the cultivar has been published.
Breeder seed is being maintained by the Research Station,
Agriculture Canada, Regina, Saskatchewan. S4P 3A2.
Published in Crop Sci. 21:798-799; 21:989.
Cultivar Name: CANUS
Name Abbreviation: CNU
Other ID Numbers: CAN1260
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11637
Year of Release: 1934
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
Pedigree: Marquis / Kanred
Reference(s): 64, 155, 164, 255, 256, 511, 512, 569
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CANUS wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 3,348
1949: 13,104
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: CARLEEDS
Name Abbreviation: CLD
Other Name(s): Nordhougen
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11801
Year of Release: 1936
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Hope / Marquis*2 /2/ Florence
Reference(s): 64, 147, 155, 163, 164, 797
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CARLEEDS wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 90,958
1944: 47,526
1949: 8,004
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: CELTIC
Other ID Numbers: HS81-55
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI502966
PVP Reg. Number: 8600080
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 06/30/88
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): Nickerson American Plant Breeders, Inc., Mission,
Kansas
Pedigree: Angus / Len
Cultivar Name: CENTA
Name Abbreviation: CENTA
Other ID Numbers: SD2868
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17935
PVP Reg. Number: 8300173
PVP Status: Abandoned/Withdrawn Date:02/14/86
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-668
Year of Release: 1982
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): South Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Butte /7/ Olaf /6/ (ND510, (N2350*2 /3/ Rushmaore
/ Kenya Farmer /2/ Lee / Mida, ND455) /4/ Agatha
/5/ (N2350*2 /3/ Rushmore / Kenya Farmer /2/ Lee /
MIda, ND455) /4/ T. timopheevi deriv. 1673 / 3*Kt
48)
Reference(s): 72, 127, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CENTA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 84,038
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Centa Wheat (Reg. No. 668).
F. A. Cholick, G. W. Buchenau, K. M. Sellers, and D. L. Keim
'CENTA', SD 2868, CI 17935, is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum
aestivum L. em. Thell.), developed by the South Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Brookings, in
cooperation with USDA-ARS. It is an F4-derived head selection from a
cross made in 1975 between 'Butte' (CI 17681) and a sister selection
of 'James' (CI 17791). The F1 and F2 generations were grown in the
greenhouse and field, respectively, at Brookings, S.D., in 1976. The
F3 and F5 generations were grown as head rows in a winter nursery in
Mexico and the F4 generation in replicated yield trias in South Dakota
from which heads were selected. An F5 head row in Mexico was bulked
and designated SD 2868. Centa was evaluated ins trials trials from
1979 through 1981, in the Uniform Regional Spring Wheat Yield Nursery
in 1980 and 1981 and in the Crop Quality Council test in 1981.
Centa has a spring growth habit, is early heading and has a mid-
tall, white, hollow stem similar to Butte. Spikes are awned,
fusiform, mid-dense, and near erect. Awns are white and 10 to 50 mm
long. Glumes are white, glabrous, mid-long, and narrow with mid-wide
and square to elevated shoulders. The beaks are narrow, acuminated,
and 3 to 5 mm long. Kernels are red, hard, mid-long, and ovate to
elliptical with rounded cheeks and a mid-wide, mid-deep crease. The
germ is mid-size to large and the brush is mid-size and mid-long.
In 16 South Dakota tests from 1979 through 1981, Centa yielded
98, 103, and 110% of Butte, 'Olaf' and 'Protor', respectively, if the
mean yield of all lines tested at the site was greater than 2018
kg/ha. At an additional 12 sites where the mean yield was less than
2018 kg/ha, Centa yielded 105, 101, and 102% of Butte, Olaf, and
Protor respectively. Test weight is greater than 'Waldron' and
similar to Butte. Centa has moderate resistance to leaf rust (incited
by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp tritici Ericks) and is
resistant to prevalent races of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis
f. sp. tritici Eriks and E. Henn. Grain protein content of Centa is
classified as medium being less than Waldron, but similar to Butte.
Flour extraction percent is higher and percent ash in the flour is
less than in Waldron. Baking characteristics are similar to Waldron,
except that Centa has a slightly lower bake absorption. A light
colored seed variant of up to 0.2% may be present in the seed lots of
Centa.
Centa was named and released by the South Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station on 15 Jan. 1982. Breeders seed will be maintained
by the Foundation Seedstocks Project, South Dakota State Univ.,
Brookings, SD 57007. An application for protection under the Plant
Variety Protection Act with certification will be submitted.
Published in Crop Sci. 23:598-599.
Cultivar Name: CENTANA
Name Abbreviation: CNT
Other ID Numbers: N2170
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12974
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-383
Year of Release: 1958
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Pilot 13 / Thatcher /2/ Pilot 13
Reference(s): 46, 81, 82, 304, 461, 627, 628, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CENTANA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 311,107
1964: 158,569
1969: 27,986
1974: 14,579
1979: 8,041
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF CENTANA WHEAT (Reg. No. 383)
E. G. Heyne
CENTANA, CI 12974, a hard, red, spring wheat, was developed by
the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperation with the
Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA. Centana was developed from the
cross, Pilot-Thatcher X Pilot, the last cross being made in 1941. The
selection resulting in Centana was made in 1945 and the first
preliminary trials were made in 1946. Centana was distributed to
Montana farmers in 1958. J. A. Clark and F. H. McNeal conducted the
breeding and testing work. A. H. Post applied for registration.
Yield and test weight data are given in table 6. On the basis of
state-wide tests in Montana, this variety is recommended for the
eastern 2/3 of the state and especially Central Montana, from which it
derives its name. Where adapted, its superior characters are high
yield, good quality and shatter resistance.
Centana is susceptible to leaf and stem rust. It is moderately
resistant to bunt, averaging 21% smutted heads over a 7-year period
under artificial inoculation studies, compared with 23% for Thatcher,
17% of Pilot, and 47% for Ceres.
Centana and Thatcher are very similar in milling and baking
characteristics. Centana may have slightly lower flour protein
content, lower ash, and lower water absorption. Centana has a longer
mixing time. They both have similar loaf volume potential. Centana
and Thatcher are superior to Pilot and Ceres in baking quality.
Centana has a bearded spike, the glumes are white, the culms are
white and not so strong as Thatcher. Centana is 2 to 3 days later
than Thatcher. The kernel is red, hard, and short, similar to
Thatcher.
Published in Agron. J. 51:689-692.
Cultivar Name: CERES
Name Abbreviation: CRS-U
Other ID Numbers: ND No. 16006,CAN1263
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6900
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-241
Year of Release: 1926
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Pedigree: Marquis / Kota
Reference(s): 46, 47, 64, 81, 82, 135, 147, 155, 161, 162, 163,
164, 167, 255, 256, 283, 374, 511, 512, 585, 627,
628, 630, 631, 655, 707, 744, 757, 797, 835, 863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CERES wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 347,632
1934: 4,453,487
1939: 3,583,500
1944: 1,622,762
1949: 1,184,625
1954: 621,883
1959: 272,864
1964: 187,673
1969: 37,982
1974: 14,904
1979: 14,366
1984: 18,975
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF CERES WHEAT (Reg. No. 241)
J. A. Clark
CERES (N. Dak. No. 16006; C. I. No. 6900) was developed at the
North Dakota Agricultural Experimental Station by L. R. Waldron, from
a hybrid between Marquis (female) and Kota (male) made in 1918. The
Ceres variety resulted from a selection known as Ns. 1658 made in
1921. Ceres is awned and should follow Kota in the present scheme of
classification. The superior characters of Ceres are resistance to
stem rust, early maturity, and high quality. It has been grown for
three years at experiment stations in North Dakota, in other spring
wheat states and in Canada. It was grown both in rod-row nurseries
and in field plat experiments. The plat data for Ceres, Kota and
Marquis at Fargo, and the average data for Ceres in comparison with
the average of its parents at all experiment stations where comparable
tests have been made, are as follows:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Varieties 1923 1924 1925 Average
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Fargo (plats)
Ceres (new) 32.2 45.3 29.3 35.6
Kota (standard) 29.2 40.1 22.2 30.5
Marquis (standard) 25.5 39.5 23.9 29.6
All stations (5 trials) (15 trials) (44 trials)
Ceres (new) 32.2 45.3 33.3 36.9
Average of parents 27.4 39.8 24.6 30.6
----------------------------------------------------------------------
For further information see Waldron.
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 18:922-935.
Cultivar Name: CHAMPLAIN
Name Abbreviation: CPL
Other Name(s): Pringle's Champion, Pringle's Champlain
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr4782
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-135
Year of Release: 1877
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Vermont
Originator(s): C.G. Pringle, Charlotte, Vermont
Pedigree: Black Sea / Golden Drop
Reference(s): 133, 159, 161, 168, 170
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CHAMPLAIN wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 4,300
1924: 0
1929: 527
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: CHAPARRAL
Name Abbreviation: CRL
Other ID Numbers: II-19957
Other Name(s): II-19957
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14076
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-497
Year of Release: 1968
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; DeKalb AgResearch, Inc., Fargo, North
Dakota
Pedigree: Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/
Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64
Reference(s): 194, 630, 819, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CHAPARRAL wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 24,200
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Chaparral Wheat (Reg. No. 497).
G. Vazquez and W. W. Roath
'CHAPARRAL,' a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.
Thell.) CI 14076, was released by DeKalb AgResearch, Inc., in 1968.
It originated from the cross 'Pitic 62'/'Chris' sib/2/'Sonora 64.'
The original cross was made by CIMMYT, and the variety evolved from an
individual plant selection made from a segregating F5 population by
DeKalb AgResearch, Inc.
Chaparral has a spring habit, medium early maturity, semidwarf in
height and daylength neutral; stem white, strong, hollow; spike awned,
oblong, middense, semierect; glume glabrous, white midlong, narrow;
shoulders narrow, square to elevated; beaks wide, acuminate, 3 to 8 mm
long; awns white, 3 to 5 cm long; kernels red, short, hard, ovate;
germ large; crease narrow, middeep; cheeks rounded; brush large,
midlong.
Chaparral resists stem, leaf, and stripe rust. No loose smut or
bunt has been detected under field conditions, and no symptoms of
susceptibility to mildew have been observed over a wide range of
growing conditions.
Chaparral tillers abundantly, and has short, stiff straw. Heads
are medium to large in size, and are resistant to shattering. The
straw characteristics of Chaparral allow this variety to produce high
yields under good moisture conditions and heavy fertilization.
Due to its high resistance to stem and leaf rust as well as its
midseason growth character, Chaparral is adapted well to the spring
wheat areas of southern Texas.
The milling and baking qualities of Chaparral are satisfactory
and meet the standards for hard red spring wheat when grown in its
area of adaptation.
DeKalb AgResearch, Inc., is the source of registered seed of this
variety.
Published in Crop Sci. 12:129.
Cultivar Name: CHENA
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI545491
Year of Release: 1990
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Alaska
Originator(s): Alaska Agricultural & Forestry Experiment Station;
USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Pure line selection from a plant introduction from
Rovaniemi, Finland.
Cultivar Name: CHINESE SPRING
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14108
Year of Release: 1932
or Introduction
Place of Origin: China
Originator(s): USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Landrace introduction obtained by E. R. Sears from
the University of Saskatchewan in 1932.
Cultivar Name: CHINOOK
Name Abbreviation: CNK
Other ID Numbers: H-4258, CAN3744
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13320
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-427
Year of Release: 1952
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Cereal Crops Division, Canada Dept. of
Agriculture, Lacombe, Alberta
Pedigree: Thatcher / S615-11
Reference(s): 46, 81, 255, 256, 278, 569, 627, 628, 630, 631,
655, 750
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CHINOOK wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 7,986
1959: 300,598
1964: 316,201
1969: 52,265
1974: 20,366
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Chinook Wheat (Reg. No. 427).
M. N. Grant and Hugh McKenzie
'CHINOOK', CI 13220, a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum
L.), was developed in Canada through the coordinated efforts of the
Project Group on Breeding Spring Wheats for the Prairie Region. The
cross Thatcher X S615-11 was made in 1938 by A. W. Platt a the Cereal
Division, Ottawa. The S615-11 parent is a selection from a number of
solid-stemmed spring wheats introduced from New Zealand and believed
to have originated in Portugal. Early generation material was grown
at the Experimental Farm, Swift Current, Saskatchewan, and final
testing and distribution was completed at the Research Station,
Lethbridge, Alberta. Chinook was licensed in 1952 under Canadian
Accession Number 3744.
Chinook was released because of its excellent milling and baking
qualities combined with resistance to the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus
cinctus Nort.). It is superior to 'Rescue', the original sawfly-
resistant wheat, in flour quality, particularly water absorption.
Chinook is a spring wheat, medium early, about as tall as
Thatcher. The straw is white, mid-strong, and pithy under most
conditions. The solid stem is associated with its resistance to
sawfly. The spike is fusiform, mid-long, with short apical awns;
chaff smooth, white; glumes mid-long, mid-wide, shoulders square;
beaks mid-wide, acute; kernels red, short to mid-long, oval.
It is moderately resistant to some races of stem rust, but
susceptible to race 15B; resistant to head discoloration; moderately
resistant to root rot; susceptible to leaf rust; moderately
susceptible to bunt and loose smut.
The drought resistance of Chinook makes it well adapted to the
dry prairie areas. In 1962 it was grown on about a million acres in
the southern parts of Alberta and Saskatchewan.
Breeder seed will be maintained at the Research Station,
Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
Published in Crop Sci. 4:235.
Cultivar Name: CHOFFEE
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12910
Year of Release: 1951
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Pedigree: Unknown. Distributed by Paulson in the Choffee
(Chaffee ?) area.
Cultivar Name: CHRIS
Name Abbreviation: CHR
Other ID Numbers: MN II-53-525-1
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13761
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-462
Year of Release: 1965
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/ Frontana /
Thatcher
Reference(s): 82, 296, 547, 620, 630, 631, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CHRIS wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 1,947,709
1974: 818,931
1979: 129,010
1984: 19,735
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Chris Wheat (Reg. No. 462).
R. E. Heiner and D. R. Johnston
'CHRIS,' (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), CI 13751, is a hard
red spring wheat selected from a cross of 'Frontana-Thatcher' X
('Kenya 58'-'Newthatch' X 'Thatcher') made in 1953 by E. R. Ausemus at
the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. it was first entered
in yield trials in 1956 as Minnesota N.S. No. II-53-525. In 1960, it
was included in the Uniform Regional Nursery and assigned CI 13466.
First-year tests showed that this line was damaged by a head and stem
blackening complex similar to black chaff. Head row selections
resistant to the blackening were made in 1961, and the seed was
increased in Mexico during the winter of 1961-62. In 1962, the
reselected strain, designated as II-53-525-l, was entered in the
Uniform Regional Nursery and assigned CI 13751. No evidence of head
blackening has been observed in the 4-year period 1962-1965.
Chris is resistant to the prevalent races of stem rust and to
some of the virulent isolates found in low frequency in the stem rust
survey. It is also resistant to black chaff, prevalent races of leaf
rust, and moderately resistant to bunt. The test weight of this
variety is very good, averaging 1 lb/bu (1.3 kg/hl) heavier than Crim
and 1.5 lb/bu (1.9 kg/hl) heavier than Justin. Yields in Minnesota
have also been very good, as this variety has average 180 lb/acre (202
kg/ha) more than Crim and 300 lb/acre (336 kg/ha) more than 'Justin.'
'Pembina, ' and 'Selkirk' over the past 4 years. Milling and baking
characteristics of Chris are satisfactory.
Morphological characteristics of Chris have been described as
follows: plant spring habit, midseason, midtall, moderately stiff
straw; spike awnleted, fusiform, middense, inclined; glumes glabrous,
white, midlong, wide, small keel extends from base to beak; shoulders
midwide, rounded; beaks midwide, acute, 1 mm long; awnlets white, 1 to
10 mm long; kernels red, short, hard, ovate; germ midsized; crease
midwide, middeep; cheeks rounded; brush midsized, short.
Seed of Chris wheat was distributed to Minnesota, North Dakota
and South Dakota seed producers in the spring of 1965. Breeder seed
will be maintained by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 7:170.
Cultivar Name: CHUL
Name Abbreviation: CHUL
Other ID Numbers: PI009131
Other Name(s): Aulieata, Idaho Hard, Yantagbay
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-161
Year of Release: 1902
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Russia
Originator(s): USDA
Pedigree: Landrace introduction.
Reference(s): 133, 159, 168, 170
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CHUL wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 1,900
1924: 1,778
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: CIANO 67
Name Abbreviation: CNO67
Other ID Numbers: II-19957-18M-1Y-3M-9
Other Name(s): II-19957
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14490
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-505
Year of Release: 1967
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): INIA; CIMMYT
Pedigree: Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/
Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64
Reference(s): 194, 326, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Ciano 67 Wheat (Reg. No. 505).
INIA and CIMMYT Wheat Programs
'CIANO 67' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), CI 14490, was
developed by the cooperative program of the Instituto Nacional de
Investigaciones Agricolas (INIA) and the International Maize and Wheat
Improvement Center (CIMMYT) in Mexico from the cross "Pitic 62' X
'Chris' sib X 'Sonora 64.' The cross and selection number was II-
19957-18M-1Y-3M-9Y. It was released in 1967.
Ciano 67 is an early spring wheat (75 days to heading). It is a
one-gene semidwarf averaging 90 to 95 cms in height with strong straw.
The spike is white, fully awned, middense, and nodding. The kernels
are red, hard, and midsize. It has high grain test weight. It has
good resistance to the prevalent races of stem, leaf, and stripe rusts
in Mexico. Its yield potential is 10 to 15% less than 'Inia 66' in
Mexico and its adaptation is relatively poor, as demonstrated by the
results of the 3rd, 4th and 5th International Spring Wheat Yield
Nurseries (ISWYN). In Mexico, Ciano 67 has unstable yield performance
which fluctuates from year to year. Ciano 67 has excellent bread-
making characteristics, probably the best of the Mexican cultivars
released through 1967. Because of its quality, it has been used
extensively in the crossing program.
Experimental quantities of seed may be obtained from CIMMYT,
Londres 40, Mexico 6, D.F.; commercial quantities may be obtained from
the Productora Nacional de Semillas, Progreso 3, Coyoacan, D.F.
Mexico.
Published in Crop Sci. 12:131.
Cultivar Name: COLANO
Name Abbreviation: CLN
Other ID Numbers: Ciano Sib-4017, II-19957
Other Name(s): II-19957
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15333
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-540
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; Colorado AES
Pedigree: Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/
Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64
Reference(s): 82, 194, 268, 373, 630, 820, 852
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for COLANO wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 24
1979: 3,805
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Colano Spring Wheat (Reg. No. 540).
J. R. Welsh, H. D. Moore, S. L. Shafer, G. H. Ellis, and R. N. Normann
'COLANO' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.),
CI 15333, is a semidwarf cultivar that originated in the International
Maize and Wheat Improvement Center program in Mexico from the cross
'Pitic 62'/'Chris'Sib/2/'Sonora 64.' Colano was released by the
Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station in 1971. It has been carried
in the Colorado spring wheat program as Ciano Sib-4017. Since 1968
Colano has been tested at four irrigated Colorado locations in the
Colorado spring wheat variety test. This cultivar has given a 15%
yield increase over 'Waldron' and a 28% increase over Chris. It is
slightly lower in yield than Pitic 62 and 'Nadadores 63.' Colano has
excellent kernel weight and questionable-to-satisfactory milling and
baking properties. This cultivar has a mean height of 72 cm compared
with 81 cm for Pitic 62 and 102 cm for Chris. It probably represents
a two-gene dwarfing system. The spike is fusiform, lax, and inclined.
Glumes are white, long, and midwide; shoulders are midwide, and
elevated; and beaks are narrow, acuminate, and 5 to 10 mm long. Awns
are white, 6.5 to 7.5 cm long. Kernels are red, hard, long, and
ovate; the crease is wide and shallow; cheeks are rounded; and the
brush is midlong and midsized.
Colano is being recommended for irrigated spring wheat production
areas in Colorado. Breeder seed will be maintained by the Colorado
State University Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 14:777.
Cultivar Name: COLUMBUS
Name Abbreviation: CLB
Other ID Numbers: RL4352, BW37, PGR11858
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI496258
Year of Release: 1980
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): AgCanada, Research Branch, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: Neepawa*6 /5/ (RL4137, CItr13777, (Frontana /3/
(McMurachy / Exchange, RL2265) /2/ 2*Regent /
Canus, RL2520, CItr12876) /4/ Thatcher*6 / Kenya
Farmer)
Reference(s): 112
Cultivar Name: COMET
Name Abbreviation: CT
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11465
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-315
Year of Release: 1940
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Marquis / Hard Federation
Reference(s): 64, 140, 155, 627, 628, 835
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for COMET wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 1,000
1954: 0
1959: 821
1964: 4,203
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: CONLEY
Name Abbreviation: CLY
Other ID Numbers: ND1, A-1-6-1-1
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13157
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-388
Year of Release: 1955
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Thatcher /4/ McMurachy / Exchange /3/ 2*Redman,
RL2563) /5/ Lee
Reference(s): 46, 47, 81, 305, 627, 628, 750
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CONLEY wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 495,053
1964: 17,850
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF CONLEY WHEAT (Reg. No. 388)
E. G. Heyne
CONLEY, CI 13157, is a hard red spring wheat developed by the
North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station and the Crops Research
Division, ARS, USDA, and distributed by the North Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station in 1955. Glenn S. Smith made the application for
registration.
Conley is a selection (A-1-6-1-1) from the cross RI 2563 X Lee
(Cross No. 1578) made by J. A. Clark in 1949. RI 2563 is Thatcher X
McMurachy-Exchange X Redman. Before it was named, Conley was
designated as ND 1. Conley V. Lowther, after whom the wheat was
named, tested the early generation material for reaction to stem rust.
Ruben Heerman selected the material in the field and the final
selection was made by Glenn S. Smith in 1952 at Fargo, N.D.
Conley is an awned variety, medium-tall in height, has medium
strong straw, and is medium in maturity. It is moderately resistant
to prevailing leaf rust races, loose smut, and bunt. It has good
resistance to the important stem rust races, including race 15B, at
average temperatures. At high temperatures, it is susceptible to race
15B in seedling tests but is more resistant than Selkirk at the same
temperatures. A serious weakness of Conley is susceptibility to brown
necrosis. This condition occurs when temperatures and humidity are
high and has resulted in reduced test weight, plumpness, and yield of
Conley under farm conditions. Acceptance of Conley by farmers has
been slow for this reason, but yield records during 1954-58 have shown
this variety to be equal or better than other hard red spring wheats
(table 1a and 1b), except Selkirk.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1a. Yield of Conley and 4 other hard red spring wheat varieties
at 6 locations in North Dakota, 1954-58.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Five-year average at stations
------------------------------------------------------------
Lang- Dick- Willis-
Variety Fargo don Minot Edgerly inson ton
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Conley 29.6 37.6 36.1 25.3 21.1 20.0
Mida 28.3 30.6 31.1 22.3 21.3 20.1
Thatcher 28.8 28.0 32.7 20.9 21.5 20.3
Lee 32.3 35.2 34.5 24.3 21.4 17.6
Selkirk 35.3 39.2 37.3 27.1 21.0 20.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1b. Yield of Conley and 4 other hard red spring wheat varieties
at 6 locations in North Dakota, 1954-58.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Six-station average by years
-----------------------------------------------
Variety 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 Average
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Conley 27.0 23.6 26.8 31.0 32.9 28.3
Mida 13.3 22.9 26.3 32.5 33.0 25.6
Thatcher 13.1 21.0 27.7 32.3 32.7 25.4
Lee 20.1 25.8 25.1 34.6 32.1 27.5
Selkirk 27.4 27.0 28.0 32.3 35.4 30.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
The outstanding characteristic of Conley is its good milling and
baking properties (table 2). The milling trade favors an increase
acreage of Conley and it was estimated that 5 to 10% of the North
Dakota acreage in 1959 was Conley.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Milling and baking properties of Conley compared with Lee
and Selkirk for the years 1954 to 1958 from 6 locations
annually in North Dakota.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Flour data
Wheat data -----------------------------------------
------------------ Water Loaf
Test absorp- vol-
Protein weight, Yield, tion, ume, Farinogram
Variety % lb./bu. % % cc pattern
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Conley 15.1 58.4 72.2 66.1 797 Strong
Lee 15.2 59.0 69.6 65.3 744 Medium
Selkirk 14.6 57.6 72.2 62.9 816 Medium-strong
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in Agron. J. 52:655-658.
Cultivar Name: COPPER
Name Abbreviation: COPR
Other ID Numbers: ID0238
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI502644
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-732
Year of Release: 1987
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Idaho
Originator(s): Idaho AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Borah /6/ Moran /5/ (II-8156, (Frontana /2/ Kenya
58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 / Brevor, II-7078) /4/
Gabo 55)
Reference(s): 73, 370, 766, 780
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Copper Wheat (Reg. No. 732).
D. W. Sunderman and Brendan O'Connell
'COPPER' (Reg. no. 732) (PI 502644) hard red spring wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) was selected as an F4 line from the cross
'Borah'/3/'Moran'/2/'Penjamo'sib/'Gabo55', made in 1972. It was
developed cooperatively by the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station
and USDA-ARS. Copper was tested in the Idaho yield nurseries as
IDO238 for 10 yr (1976-1985), in the Tri-State Nursery in 1981, and in
the Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery for 3 yr (1982-1984). It
was released jointly by the Idaho and Oregon Agricultural Experiment
Stations and USDA-ARS in 1986. Copper is a semidwarf cultivar that
has erect to inclined, oblong, middense, awned spikes. Glumes are
brown, long, an wide, with midwide to wide, square shoulders. Beaks
are midwide, acuminate, and 2 to 10 mm long. The kernels are hard,
red, midlong, and ovate, with rounded cheeks and a middeep crease.
Copper has average 1-d later than Borah and equal to 'Pondera' in
maturity. It has had an average height of 81 cm, equal to Borah, and
5 cm shorter than Pondera. The straw strength of Copper is similar to
that of Borah but weaker than that of Pondera.
Copper is resistant to Pacific Northwest races of stripe rust
(caused by Puccinia striiformis West.), moderately resistant to leaf
rust (caused by P. recondita Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici), powdery
mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis DC f. sp. tritici E. Marchal), and
black chaff (caused by Xanthomonas translucens f. sp. undulosa).
The average yields of Copper, Pondera, and Borah during 6 yr of
testing in two southern Idaho irrigated nurseries were 5924, 5623, and
4944 kg ha-1, respectively. Grain volume weights of the respective
cultivars are 773.5, 782.5, and 761.9 kg m-3.
The 3-yr average protein content of grain on a 12% moisture basis
obtained from Copper, Pondera, and Borah grown in the yield trials was
126, 138, and 130 g kg-1, respectively. Fertility studies
(unpublished data) have shown that Copper and Pondera, when properly
fertilized, produce grain with a protein content above 140 g kg-1.
The milling score, dough mixing properties, and break baking
characteristics of Copper have been very satisfactory.
Breeder and foundation seed of Copper will be maintained by the
University of Idaho, Aberdeen Research and Extension Center, P.O. Box
AA, Aberdeen, ID 83210.
Published in Crop sci. 28:577.
Cultivar Name: CORONATION
Other ID Numbers: RL729, CAN1914
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11475
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-326
Year of Release: 1937
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture Experimental
Farm, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: Pentad durum / Marquis
Reference(s): 145, 163, 255, 512, 569, 751, 755, 797
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CORONATION wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 2,182
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF CORONATION WHEAT (Reg. No. 326)
J. A. Clark
CORONATION (C. A. N. 1915; R. L. 729; C. I. 11475) was developed
from a cross between Pentad (red durum) and Marquis made in 1925 at
the Dominion Rust Research Laboratory, Winnipeg, Canada. The
selection resulting in Coronation was made in 1927 and the what was
tested for 9 years or until 1937, when it was distributed. The
superior characters reported for Coronation are high yield and
resistance to stem rust, leaf rust, and bunt. Unlike the other two
new Canadian wheats, Renown and Regent, which obtained their rust
resistance from H-44, a sister strain to Hope, the Coronation
resistance came originally from Pentad durum and is the result of a
species hybrid. Coronation is awned and has white glabrous glumes and
dark red kernels. Milling and baking data place Coronation in a
different quality category from that in which Renown and Regent are
placed. This difference is recognized in grading, and the variety is
recommended for distribution in a more eastern area.
Table 3 presents the reported yields upon which registration was
based.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3. Comparative yields of Coronation and standard hard red
spring wheats grown in nursery (six replications)
experiments at various stations in western Canada.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
of
Variety 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 Average Marquis
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of 1 1 12 14 1
stations
Coronation (new) 42.3 17.0 19.8 23.5 26.4 25.8 179.1
Ceres (standard) 31.0 3.3 18.8 21.5 8.8 16.7 116.0
Marquis (standard) 24.1 3.3 17.4 19.9 7.5 14.4 100.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 32:72-75.
Cultivar Name: COTEAU
Name Abbreviation: CTU
Other ID Numbers: ND538
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17749
Year of Release: 1978
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Waldron /8/ (ND269, Conley /7/ (ND122, Maria
Escobar / Newthatch /6/ Kenya 338AA /5/ Lee /4/
(N1831, Mida /3/ (N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-15)
/2/ Thatcher)))) /11/ (Norin 10 deriv. / Conley
/8/ Conley /7/ (ND122, Maria Escobar / Newthatch
/6/ Kenya 338AA /5/ Lee /4/ (N1831, Mida /3/
(N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-15) /2/ Thatcher)))
/9/ Justin /4/ (ND142, Lee /3/ (II-143-2C-2C-1C,
PI186035, Kenya / 2*Marroqui /2/ Peru)), ND487)
/10/ Fletcher
Reference(s): 82, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for COTEAU wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 51,333
1984: 387,095
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: COURTNEY
Name Abbreviation: CNY
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI476749
Year of Release: 1983
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): World Seeds Inc., Oceanside, California
Pedigree: (Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch, II-50-18) /4/
Sonora 64 / Tezanos Pintos Precoz / Yaktana 54 /2/
Crim /3/ Sonora 64 / Yaqui 50D / Pergamino Gaboto
/2/ Justin
Cultivar Name: CRIM
Name Abbreviation: CRIM
Other ID Numbers: MN II-53-404
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13465
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-435
Year of Release: 1963
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Kenya 58 / Newthatch, II-44-29) /2/ 2*Thatcher
/3/ Klein Titan / 3*Thatcher
Reference(s): 45, 82, 545, 620, 628, 630, 631, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CRIM wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 44,541
1969: 318,654
1974: 30,095
1979: 2,505
1984: 1,547
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Crim Wheat (Reg. No. 435).
E. R. Ausemus
'CRIM', Triticum aestivum L., CI 13465, Minn. Acc. No. 2926, N.S.
No. II-53-404, a hard red spring wheat is a selection from the cross
of (Klein Titan X Thatcher) X (Kenya 58-Newthatch X Thatcher). The
last cross was made in 1953 at the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment
Station, St. Paul, Minn. in cooperation with the crops Research
Division, ARS, USDA, and the variety released in Minnesota in 1963.
Pure seed will be maintained by the Department of Agronomy and Plant
Genetics, University of Minnesota.
Crim is a bearded hard red spring wheat variety, is midseason in
maturity and the stems are white and midstrong. The spike is awned,
fusiform, lax to middense and erect. The glumes are glabrous, white,
long, midwide with shoulders that are wanting to narrow and oblique.
The beaks are midwide, acuminate, 4 to 12 mm. in length with white
awns 2 to 8 cm. long. Its kernels are red, midlong, hard, ovate, with
a midsized germ. The crease of the kernel is midwide, middeep, with
rounded to angular cheeks and a short midsized brush.
Crim is resistant to the prevalent races of stem rust, including
the present cultures of race 15B, except that it is susceptible to
15B-4. It is moderately resistant to bunt and moderately susceptible
to leaf rust and loose smut.
Crim is satisfactory in milling and baking qualities. It has a
long mixing time. Crim has done well in comparison with the other
spring wheat varieties as shown in Tables 1 and 2.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. Agronomic characteristics of Crim compared with other
varieties grown in the Uniform Regional Hard Red Spring
Wheat Nursery, 1960-63.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Leaf rust,% Stem rust,%
Head- Lodg- --------- -------- Bushel
ing Ht., ing Nat- Nur- Nat- Nur- wt. Yield
Variety CI No. date in. class*ural+sery++ ral+sery++lb. bu./A.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Station-years 76 79 34 46 4 39 4 76 81
Crim 13465 6/28 35 3.5 44 52 2.0 2 57.6 30
Lee 13488 6/27 33 3.0 42 52 11.0 41 57.7 29
Selkirk 13100 6/29 34 2.1 37 60 0.8 13 55.4 28
Pembina 13332 6/28 32 2.7 34 58 0.4 8 56.5 28
Justin 13462 7/1 35 1.6 26 15 0.1 3 57.5 28
Thatcher 10003 6/29 33 2.6 72 85 11.0 33 56.6 26
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* 1 = erect, 9 = completely lodged.
+ Under natural conditions in the field.
++ Under artificially induced epidemic conditions at St. Paul, Minn.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Quality characteristics of Crim compared with other
varieties grown in Minnesota rod-row trials (1960-63, 11
station-years).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Flour Wheat Sed. Flour Mixing Loaf Bread
Variety* CI No. yield protein value, abs. time, volume score
% % cc. % sec. cc.
Crim 13465 72 14.2 60 64 161 814 94
Lee 13488 71 14.8 64 63 131 830 95
Selkirk 13100 74 14.6 66 62 124 846 96
Pembina 13332 72 14.9 68 62 169 856 98
Justin 13462 71 16.2 69 65 150 922 103
Thatcher 10003 72 14.1 63 62 120 826 94
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Milling characteristics of all varieties were good. Dough
quality was good for Crim, Justin, and Thatcher and very good for
Lee, Pembina, and Selkirk.
Published in Crop Sci. 4:668-669.
Cultivar Name: CUTLESS
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Lew /2/ Tioga*3 / F0.629 /5/ Tioga /4/ (RL6043,
CItr17755, Thatcher*6 /3/ Tetra Canthatch /2/
Aegilops squarrosa / RL5289)
Reference(s): 73
Cultivar Name: CYPRESS
Name Abbreviation: CPS
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13344
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-440
Year of Release: 1963
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Cereal Crops Division, Canada Dept. of
Agriculture, Lethbridge, Alberta
Pedigree: Rescue / Chinook
Reference(s): 458, 459, 628, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for CYPRESS wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 880
1969: 3,615
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Cypress Wheat (Reg. No. 440).
Hugh McKenzie and M. N. Grant
'CYPRESS' (Triticum aestivum L.), CI 13344, a hard res spring
wheat, was developed in Canada through the co-ordinated efforts of the
Prairie Region Project Group. Cypress is a selection from the cross
'Rescue' X 'Chinook' made in 1947 at the Experimental Farm, Swift
Current, Saskatchewan. Selection in early generations was primarily
for superior agronomic characteristics and resistance to the wheat
stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.). Cypress possesses a high degree
of resistance to sawfly combined with good milling and baking quality.
The grain is very attractive in appearance.
Cypress is similar to the two older sawfly-resistant varieties,
Rescue and Chinook, in yield, bushel weight, and maturity. It is
superior to Rescue in baking quality and superior to Chinook in
resistance to both sawflies and shattering.
The spike of Cypress is fusiform, mid-long, mid-wide, smooth and
white; the shoulders are square, some slightly elevated and some
slightly oblique; and the beaks are mid-wide and acute. The kernels
are ovate to elliptical, mid-long, mid-wide, hard and red; the crease
is mid-wide and mid-deep; the cheeks are rounded to angular; the brush
is mid-size to large, short to mid-long; and the germ is mid-size and
oval.
Cypress has some resistance to stem rust but is susceptible to
stem rust race 15B and to leaf rust and the smuts.
Cypress is adapted to the dry prairie areas where sawflies and
drought are the main hazards in wheat production.
Breeder seed will be maintained at the Canada Department of
Agriculture Research Station at Lethbridge, Alberta.
Additional information on Cypress was reported by McKenzie et al.
Published in Crop Sci. 5:199.
Cultivar Name: CZAR
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Place of Origin: USA-Washington
Originator(s): John Britt, First Line Seeds, Inc., Moses Lake, WA
Cultivar Name: D&PL 1
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Originator(s): Delta and Pine Land Co.,
Cultivar Name: D&PL 401
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Originator(s): Delta and Pine Land Co.,
Cultivar Name: DK-22S
Other ID Numbers: 72SA122
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 7800002
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 09/13/79
Year of Release: 1978
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Texas
Originator(s): Douglass W. King Co., San Antonio, Texas
Pedigree: Selection from an unrecorded CIMMYT F2 bulk
release obtained in 1969.
Reference(s): 82, 194, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for DK-22S wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 631
1984: 3,025
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: DK-33S
Other ID Numbers: 72SA133
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 7800003
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 08/10/78
Year of Release: 1978
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Texas
Originator(s): Douglass W. King Co., San Antonio, Texas
Pedigree: Selection from an unrecorded CIMMYT F2 bulk
release obtained in 1969.
Reference(s): 82, 194
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for DK-33S wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 179
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: DK-49S
Other ID Numbers: 72SA149
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 7800004
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 12/28/78
Year of Release: 1978
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Texas
Originator(s): Douglass W. King Co., San Antonio, Texas
Pedigree: Selection from an unrecorded CIMMYT F2 bulk
release obtained in 1969.
Reference(s): 82, 194, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for DK-49S wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 269
1984: 1,097
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: DAKOTA
Name Abbreviation: DK
Other ID Numbers: ND No. 316
Other Name(s): Select Bluestem
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr3083
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-112
Year of Release: 1898
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Pedigree: Haynes Bluestem pure line selection.
Reference(s): 57, 133, 159, 168, 169, 743
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: DAKURU
Other ID Numbers: ND81
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13322
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Uruguay
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; Uruguay
Pedigree: Lee /2/ (ND4, Thatcher / Kenya Farmer)
Reference(s): 707
Cultivar Name: DALEN
Other ID Numbers: N86-0903
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI552812
PVP Reg. Number: 9100197
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1991
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): AgriPro Biosciences, Inc., Mission, Kansas
Pedigree: HS 80-401 / Pioneer 2360
Cultivar Name: DISCOVERY
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Great Plains Seed and Research, Inc., Bozeman,
Montana
Cultivar Name: DIXON
Name Abbreviation: DN
Other Name(s): Humpback II, Johnson, Smooth Humpback, Smoth
Humpback
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6049
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-160
Year of Release: 1905
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Pedigree: Unknown farmer selection.
Reference(s): 133, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for DIXON wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 214
1934: 35,440
1939: 3,570
1944: 657
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: DURHAM
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Reference(s): 82
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for DURHAM wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 147
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: ELLAR
Name Abbreviation: ELR
Other ID Numbers: ND491
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17289
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Waldron /4/ Kenya Farmer /3/ Lee /2/ Mida / Cadet
Reference(s): 82, 189, 262, 268, 373, 620, 630, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for ELLAR wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 7,151
1979: 378,982
1984: 37,168
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: EMPIRE
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Place of Origin: Unknown
Reference(s): 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for EMPIRE wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 696
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: ERA
Name Abbreviation: ERA
Other ID Numbers: MN II-62-61
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13986
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-493
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: ((Thatcher / Supreza, M2824)*2 /3/ (II-50-72,
Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch), II-55-10,
CItr15523) /7/ Pembina /2/ (II-52-329, Frontana /
5*Thatcher) /6/ (Mida /2/ Kenya 117A / 2*Thatcher
/3/ Frontana / 4*Thatcher, II-53-388) /4/ (III-58-
4, MT Semidwarf #839, (Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel 14)
/2/ ?*Centana) /5/ (II-53-546, CItr13405, Lee*3
/2/ (II-44-29, Kenya 58 / Newthatch))
Reference(s): 82, 194, 297, 552, 620, 630, 631, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for ERA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 323
1974: 2,431,361
1979: 1,805,124
1984: 403,462
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Era Wheat (Reg. No. 493).
R. E. Heiner and D. V. McVey
'ERA,' (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), CI 13986, is a hard red
spring semidwarf wheat selected from the cross, II-55-
10/4/'Pembina'/II-52-329/3/II-53-38/III-58-4/2/II-53-546. Varieties
in its pedigree include 'Frontana,' 'Thatcher,' 'Mida,' 'Kenya 117A,'
'Kenya 58,' 'Lee,' 'Newthatch,' and 'Polk' sib. The semidwarf
character was introduced via a selection obtained from Montana, and
labelled III-58-4 at the Minnesota Station. It was first entered in
yield trials in 1965 as Minn. II-62-61.
Era is an awned, yellow chaffed, midseason semidwarf wheat with
good lodging resistance. It is resistant to the prevalent races of
stem rust and appears to have a broader spectrum of resistance than
Chris or Polk. It is also resistant to leaf rust, black chaff, and
bunt. Ergot does not appear to infect Era. This variety also appears
to be tolerant of Septoria and mildew. Era's bushel weight is
slightly better than that of Chris but lower than that of Polk.
Regional and Minnesota performance trials show that Era yields about
20 to 25% more grain than Chris and Polk. Milling performance and
mixing characteristics are satisfactory. This variety is
significantly lower in protein content and bake absorption than Chris.
These and other deficiencies place Era below Chris in bread-making
quality. Era was named and released by the Minnesota Agricultural
Experiment Station in the spring of 1970. Breeder seed will be
maintained by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 11:604.
Cultivar Name: ERIK
Other ID Numbers: HS79-304
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI476849
PVP Reg. Number: 8300043
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 08/30/85
Year of Release: 1983
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): North American Plant Breeders, Inc., Mission,
Kansas
Pedigree: Kitt /2/ Waldron / Era
Reference(s): 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for ERIK wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 47,961
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: ERIVAN
Name Abbreviation: EI
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr2397
Place of Origin: Russia
Originator(s): USDA-BPI
Pedigree: Landrace introduction.
Reference(s): 57, 133, 168, 169
Cultivar Name: EUREKA
Name Abbreviation: EE-U
Other ID Numbers: SD2185
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17738
PVP Reg. Number: 7800105
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date:01/25/79
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-617
Year of Release: 1978
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): South Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Era / Corre Camino /2/ Ciano 67 / Sonora 64
Reference(s): 82, 364, 365, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for EUREKA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 45,198
1984: 50,467
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Eureka Wheat (Reg. No. 617).
D. L. Keim and G. W. Buchenau
'EUREKA', CI 17738, SD 2185, is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum
aestivum L. em Thell) developed at the Agricultural Experimental
Station, South Dakota State University, Brookings, in cooperation with
AR-SEA-USDA. It is an F5-derived head selection, from the cross
ERA/3/CORRE CAMINO/2/CIANO 67/ SONORA 64, CM 10655, made in 1970 by
the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico.
F2 heads were selected in Mexico and grown as head rows at Brookings
in 1973. F4 and F5 head selections were made in the greenhouse and
field, respectively. An F6 head row grown in Mexico was bulked and
designated SD 2185. Eureka was evaluated in state trials from 1975 to
1977 in the Uniform Regional Spring Wheat Yield Nursery (URSWYN) and
the Crop Quality Council Tests in 1977.
Eureka has a spring growth habit, mid-season maturity, and a
tall, white, hollow stem. Spikes are awnletted, fusiform, mid-dense,
an erect. Glumes are glabrous, yellowish-white, short, and mid-wide
with a well-defined keel. Shoulders are mid-wide and oblique or
rounded; and the beak is obtuse, narrow, and 1 mm long. The kernels
are red, hard, mid-long and ovate with angular cheeks and a mid-wide,
mid-deep crease. Plants at the booting stage are blue-green with no
waxy bloom.
Eureka has yielded slightly better than 'Waldron' when grown in
areas producing more than 13 quintals/ha. The ergot problem
occasionally found in Waldron is not anticipated because Eureka does
not exhibit the sterility sometimes observed in Waldron. Test weight
is similar to Waldron. In the 1977 URSWYN, Eureka exhibited higher
resistance to leaf rust (incited by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm.
f. sp. tritici Eriks.) than Waldron and was resistant to prevalent
races of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks.
and E. Henn. Grain protein is similar to Waldron. Milling and baking
characteristics are similar to Waldron, except Eureka has a longer
mixing time.
Eureka was named and released by the South Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station on 1 Jan. 1978. Breeder seed will be maintained by
the foundation Seedstocks Project, South Dakota State University,
Brookings, SD 57007. Plant Variety Protection Certificate No.
78000105 with the seed certification option has been granted.
Published in Crop Sci. 19:415.
Cultivar Name: FJELD
Other ID Numbers: HS84-873
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI531243
PVP Reg. Number: 8900124
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): Nickerson American Plant Breeders, Inc., Mission,
Kansas
Pedigree: (Crim / Era*2 /3/ (MN6923S, Fletcher / Bajio 66
/2/ Era), MN7357) /4/ Len
Cultivar Name: FLETCHER
Name Abbreviation: FLR
Other ID Numbers: MN II-58-4, II-62-2
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13985
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-492
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: ((Thatcher / Supreza, M2824)*2 /3/ (II-50-72,
Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch), II-55-10,
CItr15523) /7/ Pembina /2/ (II-52-329, Frontana /
5*Thatcher) /6/ (Mida /2/ Kenya 117A / 2*Thatcher
/3/ Frontana / 4*Thatcher, II-53-388) /4/ (III-58-
4, MT Semidwarf #839, (Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel. 14)
/2/ ?*Centana) /5/ (II-53-546, CItr13405, Lee*3
/2/ (II-44-29, Kenya 58 / Newthatch))
Reference(s): 194, 298, 552, 620, 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FLETCHER wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 6,922
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Fletcher Wheat (Reg. No. 492).
R. E. Heiner and D. V. McVey
'FLETCHER,' (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), CI 13985, is a hard
red spring semidwarf wheat selected from the cross, II-55-10/4/Pr/II-
52-329/3/II-53-38/III-58-4/2/II-53-546. Varieties in its pedigree
include 'Frontana,' 'Thatcher,' 'Mida,' 'Kenya 117A,' 'Kenya 58,'
'Lee,' 'Newthatch,' 'Pembina,' and 'Polk' sib. The semidwarf
character was introduced via a selection obtained from Montana and
labeled III-58-4 at the Minnesota Station. It was first entered in
yield trials in 1965 as Minn. II-62-2.
Fletcher is an awned, yellow chaffer, mid-to-late-maturing
semidwarf wheat with good lodging resistance. It is resistant to the
prevalent races of stem rust and appears to have a broader spectrum of
resistance than 'Chris' or Polk. It is also resistant to leaf rust,
black chaff and bunt. Ergot does not appear to infect Fletcher. This
variety also appears to be tolerant of Septoria and mildew.
Fletcher's bushel weight is slightly lower than that of Chris but is
satisfactory. Regional and Minnesota performance trials show that
Fletcher yields about 5 to 10% more grain than Chris. Milling
performance and mixing characteristics are satisfactory, but this
variety is lower in protein content and bake absorption when compared
to Chris. General baking quality is variable.
Fletcher was named and released jointly by the Minnesota
Agricultural Experiment Station and the Agricultural Research Service,
U.S. Department of Agriculture in the spring of 1970. Breeder seed
will be maintained by the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 11:604.
Cultivar Name: FORTUNA
Name Abbreviation: FTA
Other ID Numbers: 60-54
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13596
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-461
Year of Release: 1966
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Frontana, II-50-17) /3/
Rescue / Chinook
Reference(s): 72, 73, 82, 418, 423, 425, 548, 620, 630, 631, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FORTUNA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 1,358,903
1974: 1,428,681
1979: 853,947
1984: 288,331
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Fortuna Wheat (Reg. No. 461).
K. L. Lebsock, W. B. Noble, and L. D. Sibbitt
'FORTUNA' (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) CI 13596, is a solid-
stemmed, hard red spring wheat developed cooperatively by the North
Dakota Agricultural Experimental Station and the Crops and Entomology
Research Divisions, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of
Agriculture. This variety was released jointly by the North Dakota
and Montana Agricultural Experiment Stations and the Crops and
Entomology Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U. S.
Department of Agriculture, on May 15, 1966. It is recommended for
production in those areas where the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus cinctus
Nort., is an important wheat pest.
Fortuna was selected from the cross 'Rescue'-'Chinook' X
('Frontana' X 'Kenya 58'-'Newthatch'), made in North Dakota in 1956.
The Rescue-Chinook parent was obtained from the Canada Department of
Agriculture Research Station at Lethbridge, Alberta, and the male
parent, Minnesota selection II-50-17, was obtained from the USDA-
Minnesota wheat improvement project. Fortuna (selection 60-54) was
selected and bulked as an F6 row and entered in preliminary yield
trials in North Dakota in 1961.
Fortunate has spring growth habit. It has a white, solid,
midtall stem which tends to nod below the base of the spike. The
spike is fusiform to oblong, awnless to apically awnletted, with awns
as long as 3 cm. The glumes are glabrous, midlong, and midwide, and
they have square shoulders and short, midwide beaks. The kernels of
Fortuna are red, vitreous, midlong, and oval with a midwide crease and
a midlong brush.
In 3 years of testing in the sawfly-infested areas of North
Dakota and Montana, Fortuna has exceeded currently recommended sawfly-
resistant varieties by about 8 to 10 bushels per acre (6.96 to 8.7
hl/ha) in grain yield and 1 to 2 pounds per bushel (1.3 to 2.6 kg/hl)
in test weight. Other advantages of Fortuna are early maturity,
excellent resistance to leaf rust, and satisfactory resistance to
prevalent races of stem rust. It is similar to Rescue in stem
solidness and resistance to the sawfly. It is susceptible to pseudo-
black chaff.
The milling and baking characteristics of Fortuna are
satisfactory. This variety has exceeded Rescue in test weight,
protein content, flour yield, absorption, and loaf volume. It is
classed as a medium-strength wheat.
The generations of Fortuna for the production of certified seed
are breeder, foundation, registered and certified. The North Dakota
Agricultural Experiment Station will maintain breeder seed.
A description of Fortuna has been published in the North Dakota
Farm Research Bimonthly Bulletin. 24(5):4-8. May-June, 1966.
Published in Crop Sci. 7:170.
Cultivar Name: FORX
Name Abbreviation: FORX
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14126
Year of Release: 1964
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): Krop King Seed Co., Grand Forks, North Dakota
Pedigree: Single plant selection from RL2814: Thatcher /3/
McMurachy / Exchange /2/ 3*Redman
Reference(s): 628, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FORX wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 1,124
1969: 15,595
1974: 2,189
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: FREMONT
Name Abbreviation: FMN
Other ID Numbers: UT256006
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14056
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-499
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Utah
Originator(s): Utah AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Hussar / Turkey Red /2/ Ridit /3/ Oro / Ridit /4/
Norin 10 / Brevor /5/ Lee /6/ Svenno
Reference(s): 82, 194, 214, 221, 268, 370, 630, 646, 647, 707,
780
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FREMONT wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 10,280
1979: 17,709
1984: 23,516
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Fremont Wheat (Reg. No. 499).
Wade G. Dewey
'FREMONT' spring wheat, (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), Ut.
256006, CI 14056, was developed cooperatively by the Utah Agricultural
Experiment Station and the Plant Science Research Division,
Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Fremont derives from 'Hussar' / 'Turkey' /2/ 'Ridit' /3/ 'Oro' /
'Ridit' /4/ 'Norin 10' / 'Brevor' /5/ 'Lee' /6/ 'Svenno' parentage.
The final cross, involving the Swedish spring wheat cultivar Svenno
and a semi-dwarf winter wheat breeding line was made in 1957. An F5
selection made in 1962 was increased and yield tested in irrigated
trials from 1964-1966. In 1967, 100 F10 head rows were grown and an
unexpected segregation for spring vs. winter growth habit was
observed. Thirty-seven rows were of the spring type. These were
harvested individually and tested for bread-making characteristics.
One was selected for further testing and eventual increase.
Foundation seed was released in 1970.
Fremont is a semidwarf, hard red spring wheat. It is bearded,
white-chaffed, has unusually large heads, and is medium in maturity.
It has medium dough handling properties and bakes into a fair-to-good
loaf. It has moderate resistance to stripe rust.
Fremont is being recommended in Utah for use under irrigation and
conditions of high soil fertility. Under these conditions it has
demonstrated a consistent yield advantage over the standard tall
spring wheat cultivars grown in this area.
Breeder seed of Fremont will be maintained by the Utah
Agricultural Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 12:130.
Cultivar Name: FRETES
Name Abbreviation: FT
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr1596
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-159
Year of Release: 1901
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Algeria
Originator(s): USDA
Pedigree: Landrace introduction.
Reference(s): 57, 133, 159, 168, 169, 170
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FRETES wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 1,700
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: FUNKS 103W
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Funk Seeds International, Inc., Bloomington,
Illinois
Cultivar Name: FUNKS 106W
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Funk Seeds International, Inc., Bloomington,
Illinois
Cultivar Name: FUNKS W-406
Other Name(s): W-406
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17242
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Funk Seeds International, Inc., Bloomington,
Illinois
Reference(s): 373
Cultivar Name: FUNKS W-408
Other Name(s): W-408
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Funk Seeds International, Inc., Bloomington,
Illinois
Reference(s): 373
Cultivar Name: FUNKS W-433
Other ID Numbers: II-22370
Other Name(s): II-22370, W-433
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17245
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Funk Seeds International, Inc., Bloomington,
Illinois
Pedigree: Inia /3/ Sonora 64 /2/ Tezanos Pintos Precoz /
Yaqui 54
Reference(s): 194, 373
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FUNKS W-433 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 2,207
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: FUNKS W-434
Other Name(s): W-434
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Funk Seeds International, Inc., Bloomington,
Illinois
Reference(s): 373
Cultivar Name: FUNKS W-444
Other ID Numbers: II-22370
Other Name(s): Germain's 444, II-22370, W-444
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 7600079
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 12/20/76
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Funk Seeds International, Inc., Blommington,
Illinois; Germain's Seed, Inc., Los Angeles,
California
Pedigree: Inia /3/ Sonora 64 /2/ Tezanos Pintos Precoz /
Yaqui 54
Reference(s): 194, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for FUNKS W-444 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 1,142
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: GARNET
Name Abbreviation: GNT
Other ID Numbers: CAN1316
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr8181
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-260
Year of Release: 1926
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central
Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: Preston A / Riga M
Reference(s): 64, 135, 153, 154, 161, 162, 163, 164, 172, 254,
255, 256, 374, 510, 511, 512, 585, 744, 757
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for GARNET wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 8,958
1934: 11,038
1939: 4,010
1944: 990
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF GARNET WHEAT (Reg. No. 260)
J. A. Clark
GARNET (Ottawa No. 652, C. I. No. 8181) was produced from a
hybrid between Preston A (female) and Riga M (male) made in 1905 by
Chas. E. Saunders, then Dominion Cerealist. It was first included in
the varietal experiments at the Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, in
1914, and at the Dominion Experimental Farms throughout western Canada
in 1919. In 1926 it was introduced for commercial growing by L. H.
Newman, present Dominion Cerealist, who applied for its registration.
The distinct advantage of Garnet is its early maturity, being 8
to 10 days earlier than Marquis. Garnet also yields well, has good
strength of straw, and is of fair quality. It is awnletted and has
white glabrous glumes and hard red kernels. Garnet has been tested
for 15 years at Ottawa and at Dominion branch farms. Yield results
during the five-year period from 1923 to 1927 in comparison with
Marquis and Reward are given in table 2. Further information on
Garnet wheat will be found in a recent publication by Newman and
Whiteside.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Annual and average yields in bushel per acre of Garnet,
Marquis, and Reward wheats grown at 13 experiment stations
in Canada during three or more of the five years from 1923
to 1927, inclusive.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Variety 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 Average
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ottawa, Ont.
Garnet 44.8 55.0 33.4 41.1 46.6 44.2
Marquis 45.5 48.0 34.6 39.3 45.7 42.6
Reward 35.2 43.0 31.7 37.5 47.5 39.0
Brandon, Man.
Garnet 28.5 45.7 28.7 25.1 20.8 29.7
Marquis 28.1 43.7 36.7 24.8 32.3 33.1
Reward 31.3 44.5 32.8 22.7 25.4 31.3
Indian Head, Sask.
Garnet 29.0 13.0 48.8 57.5 30.0 35.7
Marquis 26.7 19.6 45.8 49.2 41.1 36.5
Reward 31.3 12.2 41.9 45.9 19.1 30.1
Swift Current,Sask.
Garnet -.- 26.7 26.5 21.0 39.1 28.3
Marquis -.- 31.2 23.3 23.9 39.3 29.4
Reward -.- 23.9 22.1 21.9 34.4 25.6
Scott, Sask.
Garnet -.- 6.9 38.4 31.0 44.0 30.1
Marquis -.- 9.8 33.7 24.3 49.0 29.2
Reward -.- 9.2 36.4 28.0 39.0 28.2
Rosthern, Sask.
Garnet 44.0 18.3 42.5 20.0 34.0 31.8
Marquis 37.0 17.7 55.0 18.5 31.5 31.9
Reward 24.5 12.7 36.0 20.9 33.7 25.5
Lacombe, Alta.
Garnet 61.3 5.7 43.1 48.8 37.7 41.3
Marquis 57.5 9.0 52.8 46.5 40.6 41.3
Reward 46.7 5.0 35.5 45.0 40.9 34.6
Lethbridge, Alta.
Garnet -.- 21.0 21.7 24.4 18.8 21.7
Marquis -.- 18.3 21.6 38.1 26.7 26.2
Reward -.- 14.8 22.8 23.9 19.8 20.3
Fort Vermillion,Alta.
Garnet -.- 23.0 44.0 40.7 40.0 36.9
Marquis -.- 33.0 48.0 47.3 49.0 44.3
Reward -.- 33.0 39.0 43.3 56.0 42.8
Beaverlodge, Alta.
Garnet 34.6 18.9 23.9 55.8 53.4 37.3
Marquis 36.1 19.0 24.9 58.7 50.9 37.9
Reward 31.6 14.5 28.9 62.5 46.8 36.9
Morden, Man.
Garnet -.- 40.0 33.6 32.9 40.0 36.6
Marquis -.- 56.6 35.2 36.9 33.6 40.6
Reward -.- 36.5 40.0 37.2 39.4 38.3
Ste. Anne da la
Garnet -.- -.- 33.3 39.1 43.6 38.7
Marquis -.- -.- 37.2 36.1 42.0 38.4
Reward -.- -.- 35.0 41.7 39.8 38.8
Pocatiere, P.Q.
Nappan, N.S.
Garnet -.- 37.8 44.2 39.6 16.0 34.4
Marquis -.- 35.1 25.2 24.8 13.1 24.6
Reward -.- 35.6 28.7 32.7 10.3 26.8
Average of 56 station years
Garnet 34.5
Marquis 35.8
Reward 32.1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 20:1318-1322.
Cultivar Name: GASSER
Name Abbreviation: GSR
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13289
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-401
Year of Release: 1955
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Alaska
Originator(s): Alaska AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Diamond / Khogot
Reference(s): 81, 306, 803
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Gasser Wheat (Reg. No. 401).
E. G. Heyne
GASSER, CI 13289, is a hard red spring wheat developed by the
Alaska Agricultural Experiment Station and the Crops Research
Division, ARS, USDA. Foundation seed was distributed in 1955. R. L.
Taylor applied for registration.
Gasser is a selection from the cross Diamond (a Swedish variety)
and Khogot (an introduction from Siberia) made in 1940. It has been
described by Taylor and Brinsmade (4). Visual head selections were
made from bulked material in 1948 for earlier and lodge-resistant
lines. Gasser has been in performance trials since 1952. The
foundation seed released in 1955 traced from the bulk of head row
progeny grown in 1953. The variety was named for George W. Gasser to
recognize his many years of outstanding service to agriculture in
Alaska.
Gasser is an early-maturing, lodge-resistant spring wheat adapted
to the Matanuska and Tanana valleys of Alaska. It is medium height;
with slender, strong, and hollow culms, and short, narrow, dark green
leaves. Gasser resists shattering. Diseases have not been a problem
in Alaska, but less loose smut has occurred in Gasser than in Khogot,
the only other recommended variety. Bunt has not been observed in
Gasser. Its yield has approximately equaled Khogot's as shown in
Table 1.
The heads remain erect at maturity, are oblong to fusiform, mid-
dense, and awnletted. The awns vary from about 1/2 inch in length at
the top to nearly absent at the base. An occasional awned plant has
been found in the released material. The kernels are light red, short
and ovate, and have a narrow, mid-deep crease with slightly rounded
cheeks. Gasser is not a satisfactory bread wheat. Its chief use in
Alaska is feed for poultry and livestock.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. Comparison between Gasser and Khogot spring wheats for
yield, maturity, and lodging at Palmer and Fairbanks,
Alaska, 1952-59.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Maturity, days
bu./A. planting to harvest Lodging*
----------------- ----------------- ----------------
Variety Palmer Fairbanks Palmer Fairbanks Palmer Fairbanks
----------------------------------------------------------------------
No.years 7 8 7 8 7 8
Gasser 37.0 31.0 109 106 1.9 3.2
Khogot 38.3 31.4 109 105 4.3 4.9
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Related on scale of 1 to 9; 1 = no lodging; 9 = lodged.
Published in Crop Sci. 2:353-354.
Cultivar Name: GHIRKA
Name Abbreviation: GK
Other ID Numbers: CItr4933, CItr7383, CItr8863
Other Name(s): Early Russian, Ghirka Spring, Russian, Russian
Fife
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr1517
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-064
Year of Release: 1904
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Russia
Originator(s): USDA-BPI
Pedigree: Landrace introduction.
Reference(s): 57, 120, 132, 133, 153, 159, 161, 166, 168, 169,
170, 743
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for GHIRKA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 800
1924: 0
1929: 930
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: GLENLEA
Name Abbreviation: GLE
Other ID Numbers: UM714A
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17272
Year of Release: 1972
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Pedigree: Pembina*2 / Bage /2/ CB 100
Reference(s): 82, 189, 240, 620, 630, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for GLENLEA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 11,725
1979: 8,633
1984: 4,706
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: GLENMAN
Name Abbreviation: GLM
Other ID Numbers: X5072, MT7819
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI483235
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-696
Year of Release: 1985
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Tezanos Pintos Precoz / Sonora 64, II-20877-4C-
1R-8M) /2/ Fortuna
Reference(s): 71, 72, 73, 472
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Glenman Wheat (Reg. No. 696).
F.H. McNeal, W.L. Alexander, C.F. McGuire, J.W. Bergman, G. R.
Carlson, A.L. Dubbs, G. D. Kushnak, G. F. Stallknect, V.R. Stewart, E.
L. Sharp and B. K. Sally
'GLENMAN' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg. no.
696), PI 483235, was developed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS and the
Montana Agric. Exp. Stn.
Glenman is a solid-stemmed, semidwarf cultivar selected from
Cross 208774C-IR8M/'Fortuna'. Cross 208774C-IR8M is a segregate from
the cross of 'Tezanos Pintos Precos'/'Sonora 64', made by the
International Center for Maize and Wheat Improvement. The female
parent was selected from a nursery grown at Bozeman, MT, in 1968.
Fortuna is currently recommended for wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus
Norton) infested areas in Montana. The selection now called Glenman
has been tested in yield trials starting in 1978 as MT 7819.
Glenman is a single-gene semidwarf, resistant to the wheat stem
sawfly. The straw is white and is solid under favorable environmental
conditions. Glenman is more susceptible to lodging than hollow-
stemmed cultivars of similar height. The spike is apically awnletted,
fusiform, mid-dense to lax, and erect. Glumes are glabrous, white to
tan, mid-long, mid-wide; and shoulders wide, square to rounded; and
beaks wide, obtuse, 1 mm long. Kernels are mid-long, hard and ovate;
germ midsized; crease narrow, mid-deep; cheeks rounded; brush mid-
sized, mid-long. It is resistant to the races of stem rust (Puccinia
graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Ericks & Henn.) and stripe rust,
(Puccinia striiformis West.) used in Montana tests, but is susceptible
to leaf rust, (Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici). It
is mid-season in maturity.
Glenman has a higher yield potential than 'Lew' under favorable
moisture and fertility levels, but will usually yield 5 to 10% less
than 'Newana'. Its test weight is approximately 3 g/L less than Lew,
but only slightly below that of Newana. Grain protein content of
Glenman has averaged about the same as Newana. Experimental milling
data from the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station Cereal Quality
Laboratory indicate that Glenman has exceptionally good flour yield
potential. Its dough mixing time is longer than desired however, and
its loaf volume and absorption are lower than those of Newana. Other
quality characteristics are satisfactory.
Because of its resistance to the wheat stem sawfly, Glenman will
be of value in areas where this insect is a production hazard. It is
the only semidwarf available to producers with this problem.
Breeder seed will be released to Montana certified seed growers
in the spring of 1985 for foundation seed production. Breeder and
foundation seed will be maintained by the Foundation Seed Program,
Plant and Soil Science Department, Montana Agric. Exp. Stn., Montana
State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59717.
Published in Crop Sci. 25:575.
Cultivar Name: GLENNSON 81
Name Abbreviation: GLEN
Other ID Numbers: CM33027-F-8M-1Y-8M-1Y-2M-0Y
Other Name(s): Glennson, Veery 1
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1981
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Kavkaz /9/ (Buho 'S', CM14040, Saric 70 /8/ Lerma
Rojo 64 / Inia 66 /7/ Inia 66 /6/ (II-23584, Ciano
67 /2/ Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor /5/ (II-8156,
(Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 /
Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55))) /10/ Kalyansona
/6/ (II-23584, Ciano67 /2/ Sonora 64 / Klein
Rendidor /5/ (II-8156, (Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 /
Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 / Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo
55))
Cultivar Name: GLYNDON
Name Abbreviation: GLD
Other ID Numbers: Minnesota No. 163
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr2873
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-060
Year of Release: 1915
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES
Pedigree: Red Fife pure line selection.
Reference(s): 57, 133, 153, 159, 166, 168, 169, 170, 743
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for GLYNDON wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 2,000
1924: 430
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: GRANDIN
Other ID Numbers: ND626
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI531005
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Len /7/ Butte*2 /6/ (ND507, Waldron /5/ (RL4205,
Pembina*6 /2/ Thatcher*3 / Transfer /4/ Pembina*6
/3/ Thatcher*2 /2/ Marquis*6 / Red Egyptian)) /8/
(ND593, Len /7/ Butte*2 /6/ (ND507, Waldron /5/
(RL4205, Pembina*6 /2/ Thatcher*3 / Transfer /4/
Pembina*6 /3/ Thatcher*2 /2/ Marquis*6 / Red
Egyptian)))
Cultivar Name: GREAT NORTHERN
Name Abbreviation: GN
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11937
Year of Release: 1935
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Manitoba
Pedigree: Hope / Marquis
Reference(s): 147, 154, 163, 164, 751, 753, 756, 797
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for GREAT NORTHERN wheat from 1919
to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 11,698
1944: 30,506
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: GUARD
Name Abbreviation: GURD
Other ID Numbers: SD8015
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17934
PVP Reg. Number: 8500001
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date:05/30/86
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-690
Year of Release: 1983
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): South Dakota; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Eureka / Dawn
Reference(s): 72, 124, 434, 483, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for GUARD wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 24,146
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Guard Wheat (Reg. No. 690).
F. A. Cholick, D. K. Steiger, J. H. Hatchett, K. M. Sellers, G. W.
Buchenau, and D. L. Keim
'GUARD', SD 8015, CI 17934, is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum
aestivum L. (Reg. no. 690) developed by the South Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station, South Dakota State University, Brookings, in
cooperation with USDA-ARS. It is an F4-derived head selection with
resistance to Hessian fly, Mayetiola destructor (Say) from a cross
between 'Eureka' spring wheat (CI 17738) and 'Dawn' winter wheat (CI
17801). The cross was made in 1977. F1 and F2 generations were
greenhouse and field grown, respectively, at Brookings in 1978. This
cycle was repeated for the F3 and F4 generations in 1979. Hessian fly
resistance was initially identified in the f2 generation with
additional selection in the F3. The F5 and F7 generations were also
evaluated at Manhattan, Kansas, to confirm resistance to Hessian fly.
An F5 head row grown in mexico was bulked, harvested, and designated
SD 8015. Greenhouse evaluations for Hessian fly resistance were
conducted at Manhattan, Kansas, using a Hessian fly population
collected in South Dakota. Guard was tested in state trials from 1980
through 1983, the Uniform Regional Spring Wheat Nursery in 1982 and
the Crop Quality Council Test in 1982.
Guard has a spring growth habit, medium-early heading, and is
semidwarf in height with a white hollow stem. Spikes are awned,
fusiform, middense, and erect. Awns are white and 10 to 50 mm long.
Glumes are white, glabrous, short, and narrow with midwide and oblique
shoulders. The beaks are midwide, acuminated, and 3 to 21 mm long.
Kernels are red, hard, midsize to short, and ovate to elliptical with
rounded checks and a midwide, mideep crease. The germ is midsize and
the brush is midsize and midlong.
In 42 South Dakota trials from 1980 through 1983, Guard yielded
103, 109, and 109% of 'Butte', 'James', and 'Olaf', respectively. In
trials from 1982 and 1983 at 31 sites in South Dakota, Guard yielded
102, 107, and 108% of 'Marshall', 'Alex', and 'Len', respectively.
Test weight is greater than Len and Olaf and less than Butte and
'Centa'. Guard is resistant to leaf rust (incited by Puccinia
recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici Eriks) and is resistant or
moderately resistant to prevalent races of stem rust caused by
Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks and E. Henn. Three field tests
in South Dakota from 1982 and 1983 have demonstrated that Guard has
excellent resistance to Hessian fly with less than 1% of the plants
infested compared to an average infestation of 21% in susceptible
cultivars James, Butte, and Centa. The resistance has been identified
as 'Marquillo' type resistance. Greenhouse evaluations also indicated
that Guard is resistant to the Great Plains Hessian fly biotype, the
predominant biotype in South Dakota. Grain protein content of Guard
is classified as medium to low being less than Butte, but greater than
'Era'. Flour extraction percent and percent ash in the flour are
similar to 'Waldron'. Bake absorption is similar to Olaf and mixing
time and loaf volume are similar to Len.
Guard was named and released by the South Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station on 1 Feb. 1983. Breeder seed will be maintained by
the Foundation Seed Stocks Project, South Dakota State Univ.,
Brookings, SD 57007. An application for protection under the Plant
Variety Protection Act with the certification option will be
submitted.
Published in Crop Sci. 24:1215.
Cultivar Name: GUS
Other ID Numbers: ND618
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI531004
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Waldron /8/ (ND269, Conley /7/ (ND122, Maria
Escobar / Newthatch /6/ Kenya 338AA /5/ Lee /4/
(N1831, Mida / (N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-15)
/2/ Thatcher)))) /9/ (Justin /2/ Dakuru /
3*Conley, ND457) /3/ Agent / T. timopheevi, ND527)
/12/ Waldron /8/ (ND269, Conley /7/ (ND122, Maria
Escobar / Newthatch /6/ Kenya 338AA /5/ Lee /4/
(N1831, Mida /3/ (N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-15)
/2/ Thatcher)))) /11/ (Norin 10 deriv. / Conley
/8/ Conley /7/ (ND122, Maria Escobar / Newthatch
/6/ Kenya 338AA /5/ Lee /4/ ((N1831, Mida /3/
(N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-15) /2/ Thatcher)))
/9/ Justin /4/ (ND142, Lee /3/ (II-143-2C-2C-1C,
PI186035, Kenya / 2*Marroqui /2/ Peru)), ND487)
/10/ Fletcher /13/ Era
Cultivar Name: HAYNES BLUESTEM
Name Abbreviation: HB
Other ID Numbers: CAN1334
Other Name(s): Bluestem, Bolton Bluestem, Marvel Bluestem,
Minnesota No. 169, Velvet Bluestem
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr2874
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-111
Year of Release: 1895
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): L.H. Haynes, Fargo, North Dakota
Pedigree: Unknown.
Reference(s): 57, 120, 133, 135, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168,
169, 170, 255, 283, 374, 453, 511, 512, 743
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for HAYNES BLUESTEM wheat from 1919
to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 1,557,800
1924: 133,031
1929: 72,943
1934: 22,322
1939: 1,282
1944: 544
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: HENRY
Name Abbreviation: HRY
Other ID Numbers: H157a-4-12-8, Wis. 233
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12265
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-392
Year of Release: 1944
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Wisconsin
Originator(s): Wisconsin AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Illinois No.1 / Hope /2/ Webster / Resaca
Reference(s): 47, 64, 80, 82, 155, 164, 305, 627, 628, 630, 631,
655, 863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for HENRY wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 42
1949: 168,679
1954: 146,904
1959: 34,459
1964: 6,339
1969: 5,812
1974: 3,378
1979: 96
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF HENRY WHEAT (Reg. No. 392)
E. G. Heyne
HENRY, CI 12265, is a hard red spring wheat distributed as a feed
wheat in Wisconsin in 1944. It was developed by the Wisconsin
Agricultural Experiment Station and the Crops Research Division, ARS,
USDA. R. G. Shands made the application for registration.
Henry is a selection from the cross Illinois No. 1-Hope X
Webster-Resaca made in 1933. R. G. Shands made the final selection
(Wis. 233) in 1938.
Henry is a high-yielding, awned, hard red spring wheat with white
chaff and midseason maturity. The straw is midtall and stands well.
In some seasons, the stem develops a purple color. The kernels are
large and intermediate in hardness. At the time of release in 1944,
Henry was resistant to the prevalent leaf rust races. Soon after
distribution, the so-called "Hope races" appeared which could attack
it. Henry is susceptible to race 15B of stem rust, but has moderate
resistance to some of the other stem rust races. It had moderate
resistance to scab and some races of bunt. It is somewhat tolerant to
hessian fly attack. The grain tends to be low in protein content.
Henry was distributed as a feed wheat because the milling and baking
properties are only fair. Performance data on Henry and four other
varieties are given in table 3.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3. Yield, rust and plant height for Henryspring wheat in
comparison with 4 other varieties grown at Madison,
Marshfield and Ashland, Wisconsin, 1949-1958.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Leaf Stem Plant
Yield, rust, rust, height,
Variety CI No. bu./A. % % inches
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Henry 12265 27.3 20 11 38
Lee 12488 25.7 7 14 34
Russell 12484 28.8 41 4 41
Sturgeon 11703 25.5 49 17 38
Thatcher 10003 16.8 78 20 34
No. of comparisons 29 25 23 24
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in Agron. J. 52:655-658.
Cultivar Name: HERMOSILLO 77
Name Abbreviation: HER77
Other ID Numbers: CM20668-D-4Y-4M-1Y-0Y
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1977
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Jaral 66 / Napo /3/ Lerma Rojo 64 /2/ Tezanos
Pintos Precoz / 3*Andes Enano /9/ Bluebird /
Norteno 67 /7/ (II-19957,Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 /
Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/ Frontana / Thatcher /5/
Sonora 64) /6/ Siete Cerros 66 /8/ Calidad
Reference(s): 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for HERMOSILLO 77 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 2,323
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: HI-LINE
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI549275
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-771
Year of Release: 1991
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (PK176 / Sheridan, MT7336) /2/ Shortana
Reference(s): 78, 414
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF 'HI-LINE' WHEAT (Reg. No. CV-771)
S. P. Lanning, L. E. Talbert,* F. H. McNeal, W. L. Alexander, C. F.
McGuire, H. Bowman, G. Carlson, G. Jackson, J. Eckhoff, G. Kushnak, V.
Stewart, and G. Stallknecht
'HI-LINE' (Reg. no. CV-771, PI 549275) is a hard red spring wheat
cultivar (Triticum aestivum L.) developed cooperatively by the Montana
Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS and released in 1991.
The cultivar was an F3-derived F4 plant selection from the cross of MT
7336 / 'Shortana'. The female parent, MT 7336, was selected from the
cross PK 176 / 'Sheridan'. Hi-Line was evaluated as MT 8401 in a
single-row yield nursery in Bozeman in 1983, was entered into the
Preliminary Yield Nursery at four Montana locations in 1984, and has
been tested in the Advanced Yield Nursery at 11 Montana locations
since 1985. MT 8402 was also grown in the Uniform Regional Hard Red
Spring Wheat Nursery in 1986 and 1990.
Hi-Line has white straw and chaff; the spike is awned, fusiform,
middense to lax and tends to nod slightly at maturity. The awns are
white, while the glumes are white to tan in color and glabrous.
Kernels are short and ovate with a mid-sized brush. Cheeks are round
and the crease is narrow. Hi-Line is hollow-stemmed and susceptible
to the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.). It is resistant to
prevalent races of stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.:Pers.,
and is susceptible to leaf rust caused by Puccinia recondita Roberge
ex Desmaz. and stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend.
Hi-Line is midseason in maturity, averaging 3 to 4 d earlier than
'Newana', which is the most widely grown hollow-stemmed variety in
Montana. Hi-Line may contain _0.3% plants that are 5 to 13 cm (2-5
in) taller than the model plant height, as is the case with the
Shortana parent. Grain yield of Hi-Line is similar to Newana and
superior to most other cultivars recommended for production in
Montana. Test weight of Hi-Line is approximately equal to Newana.
Percent grain protein has averaged _1.1% higher than Newana over 5 yr
of testing at 11 locations.
Hi-Line has higher flour yield than Newana but lower than other
spring wheat cultivars recommended for the state. However, the
overall milling and baking characteristics of Hi-Line are equal or
superior to Newana and other widely grown cultivars. Superior percent
grain protein and good milling and baking qualities provided
justification for the release of Hi-Line.
Breeder seed was harvested in 1990 at Bozeman. Breeder and
foundation seed will be maintained by the Plant and Soil Science
Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT. 59717.
Published in Crop Sci. 32(2):283-284.
Cultivar Name: HIPRO
Other ID Numbers: IS-8314
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8400047
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 03/31/87
Year of Release: 1984
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; Sogetal, Inc.,
Pedigree: Tezanos Pintos Precoz /2/ IRN46 / Ciano 67 /3/
Pesterboden /4/ Nacozari 76
Cultivar Name: HOPE
Name Abbreviation: HOPE
Other ID Numbers: H49-24
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr8178
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-240
Year of Release: 1927
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): Edgar S. McFadden, Webster, South Dakota
Pedigree: Yaroslav emmer / Marquis
Reference(s): 49, 64, 133, 135, 147, 161, 162, 163, 164, 167,
374, 456, 585, 744, 797
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for HOPE wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 3,405
1934: 16,250
1939: 32,446
1944: 1,412
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF HOPE WHEAT (Reg. No. 240)
J. A. Clark
HOPE (H 49-24; C. I. No. 8178) was developed by E. S. McFadden,
of Webster, S. Dak. it is the result of a cross made in 1915 between
Vernal emmer and Marquis wheat, and was last selected in 1923. The
Hope variety is very resistant both to stem and leaf rust. It also is
drought resistant. Because of its strong flexible straw and stiff
glumes it is less injured by hail than some other varieties. The Hope
variety is awned and has glabrous white glumes and purple stems. It
should follow Pioneer (Reg. No. 154) in the present classification.
The Hope wheat appears at present to be valuable principally for
breeding purposes. It may have commercial value but comparable yields
have not yet been obtained. The rust resistance of the Hope variety
or its parent line in comparison with Marquis during the six years,
1920 to 1925, inclusive, at Webster, S. Dak., is as follows:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Stem rust infection
-------------------------------------------------
Varieties 1920 1921 1922 1923 1924 1925 Average
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Hope (new) 0* 0a 0a 0 0 0 0
Marquis (std) 100 50 50 100 1 40 56.8
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Parent line.
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 18:922-935.
Cultivar Name: HORIZON 101
Name Abbreviation: HRZ101
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14558
Year of Release: 1969
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Nebraska
Originator(s): Miller Seed Company, Lincoln, Nebraska
Pedigree: Nainari 60 selection.
Cultivar Name: HUMPBACK
Name Abbreviation: HPB
Other Name(s): Bearded Bluestem, World Beater
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr3690
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-188
Year of Release: 1905
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): J.P. Berglund, Kensington, Minnesota
Pedigree: Unknown farmer selection.
Reference(s): 57, 133, 135, 159, 161, 162, 164, 168, 169, 170,
743, 807, 863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for HUMPBACK wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 31,900
1924: 956
1929: 13,377
1934: 139
1939: 0
1944: 538
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: HURON
Name Abbreviation: HUR
Other ID Numbers: CAN1344, CItr4935
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr3315
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-175
Year of Release: 1894
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central
Experiment Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: White Fife / Ladoga
Reference(s): 57, 133, 168, 169, 254, 255, 256, 511, 512
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: INGAL
Other ID Numbers: 61II-55-12-62-10, CItr17892
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI562647
Year of Release: 1992
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Alaska
Originator(s): Alaska Plant Materials Center, Palmer, AK
Pedigree: Norin 16 / Gasser
Cultivar Name: INIA 66
Name Abbreviation: INIA66
Other ID Numbers: II-19008-83M-100Y-10
Other Name(s): II-19008
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14195
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-501
Year of Release: 1966
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): INIA; CIMMYT
Pedigree: Lerma Rojo 64 / Sonora 64
Reference(s): 82, 194, 327, 551, 586, 630, 631, 707, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for INIA 66 wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 2,018
1974: 242,985
1979: 99,070
1984: 23,947
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Inia 66 Wheat (Reg. No. 501).
INIA and CIMMYT Wheat Programs
'INIA 66' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) CI 14195 was
developed from the cross of 'Lerma Rojo 64' X 'Sonora 64' by the
Cooperative Program of the Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones
Agricolas (INIA) and the International Maize and Wheat Improvement
Center (CIMMYT) in Mexico. The cross and selection number was II-
19008-83M-100Y-100M-100Y-100C. The cultivar was released in 1966.
Inia 66 is an early spring wheat (75 days to heading). It is a
one-gene semidwarf averaging 95 to 105 cm in height with strong straw.
The spike is white, fully awned, middense, and nodding. The kernels
are red, large, and hard. It has very high grain test weight.
Resistance to stripe and stem rusts is good but it is susceptible to
the prevalent races of leaf rusts in Mexico. It has excellent yield
potential and wide adaptation as shown by results of the 3rd, 4th, and
5th International Spring Wheat Yield Nurseries (ISWYN). It has good
bread-making characteristics.
Experimental quantities of seed of Inia 66 may be obtained from
CIMMYT, Londres 40, Mexico, D.F. Commercial quantities may be
obtained from the Productora Nacional de Semillas, Progreso 3,
Coyoacan, D.F.
Published in Crop Sci. 12:130.
Cultivar Name: INIA 66R
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15328
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-700
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): California AES
Pedigree: Lerma Rojo 64 / Sonora 64
Reference(s): 194, 373, 594, 599
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Inia 66R Wheat (Reg. No. 700).
C.O. Qualset, H.E. Vogt, and N.E. Borlaug
'INIA 66R' (ci 15328) (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg. no. 700) was
released by the California Agricultural Experiment Station in 1970.
It was developed in Mexico by the International Maize and Wheat
Improvement Center (CIMMYT) and is a sib or reselection line from the
same progenitor as 'Inia 66' released by the National Institute for
Agricultural Research (INIA) in Mexico in 1966. It was selected from
the cross 'Lerma Rojo 64' X 'Sonora 64' and has the CIMMYT cross and
selection number II-19008-83M-100Y-100M-100Y-100C-104C. Seed of this
line was received from CIMMYT in 1968 and it was evaluated in
California regional trials in 1969 and 1970. In 18 trials, Inia 66R
exceeded Inia 66 in yield 16 times and it had a significant (P< 0.01)
mean grain yield advantage at 229 kg/ha-1, or 6.2% over Inia 66. Inia
66R replaced inia 66 in the certified seed program in California in
1971. The cultivar was widely grown in California and substantial
quantities of certified seed have been exported to several countries.
Inia 66$ is a spring wheat with no growth and morphological
characteristics distinguishing it from Inia 66. The description of
Inia 66 given earlier does not differ from that given here. Maturity
is early, straw strength is good, height is short (95 to 105 cm) in a
highly productive environment, shatter resistance is moderately good,
and grain yield potential is good. The spikes are white, fully awned,
with short glume awn, and nodding at maturity. Kernels are light red,
large in size, and semi-hard to hard in texture. Grain test weight is
outstanding. Milling and breadmaking characteristics are good. In
California, Inia 66R has adequate resistance to the prevalent races of
Puccinia striiformis West.
Seed stocks are maintained by the Foundation Seed and Plant
Materials Service, University of California, Davis, CA 95616.
Published in Crop Sci. 25:1129.
Cultivar Name: JAMES
Name Abbreviation: JMS
Other ID Numbers: SD2273
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17791
PVP Reg. Number: 8000022
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date:04/24/80
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-630
Year of Release: 1979
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): South Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Olaf /6/ (ND510, (N2350*2 /3/ Rushmore / Kenya
Farmer /2/ Lee / Mida, ND455) /4/ Agatha /5/
(N2350*2 /3/ Rushmore / Kenya Farmer /2/ Lee /
Mida, ND455) /4/ T. timopheevi deriv. 1673 / 3*Kt
48)
Reference(s): 82, 366, 367, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for JAMES wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 4,539
1984: 42,048
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of James Wheat (Reg. No. 630).
D. L. Keim, G. W. Buchenau, and K. M. Sellers
'JAMES' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell),
SD2273, CI 17791, was developed by the Agric. Exp. Stn., South Dakota
State Univ., Bookings, in cooperation with AR-SEA-USDA. It is an F4-
derived head selection from the cross 'Olaf/ND510, F2 seed was
provided in 1972 by North Dakota State Univ. Heads were selected from
F2 plants grown at Brookings F3 and F4 head selections were made in
the greenhouse and field, respectively. An F5 head row grown in
Mexico in 1973 to 1974 was bulked and designated SD2273. James was
evaluated in state trials from 1974 to 1979, in the Uniform Regional
Spring Wheat Yield Nursery, 1976 to 1978, and the crop Quality Council
tests in 1978.
James has spring growth habit, early maturity, and mid-tall,
white, hollow stem. Heads are awned, fusiform, and inclined. Glumes
are glabrous, yellow, mid-long, and narrow with a well-defined keel.
The shoulder is rounded; and the beak is acuminate, narrow, and 4 mm
long. Kernels are red, hard, mid-long, and ovate with angular cheeks
and a mid-wide, mid-deep crease. Plant color at booting is green, and
a waxy bloom is present on the stem and leaf sheath.
James is expected to be grown in areas of South Dakota where
early cultivars are best adapted. In South Dakota tests from 1979,
James had yielded 107, 101, and 97% of 'Word Seeds 1809,' 'Protor,'
and 'Butte' which are early cultivars presently in commercial
production. Test weight is similar to 'Chris' and 'Waldron.' James
has good resistance to leaf rust (incited by Puccinia recondita Rob.
ex Desm. f. sp. tritici Eriks.) and is resistant to prevalent races of
stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E.
Henn. Flour extraction percent is higher and ash content is lower
than Waldron. Baking characteristics are generally similar to
Waldron.
James was named and released by the South Dakota Agric. Exp. Stn.
on 1 Mar. 1979. Tall and awnletted variants occurred in the original
seedstock at a rate of 0.06 and 0.09%, respectively. Breeder seed
will be maintained by the Foundation Seedstocks Project, South Dakota
State Univ., Brookings, SD 57007. Application has been made for Plant
Variety Protection with the seed certification option.
Published in Crop Sci. 20:827-828.
Cultivar Name: JUPATECO 73
Name Abbreviation: JUP
Other ID Numbers: II-30842-31R-2M-2Y-0M
Other Name(s): II-30842
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1973
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: II-12300 /6/ Lerma Rojo 64 /5/ (II-8156, (Frontana
/2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 / Brevor,
II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55) /7/ Norteno 67
Reference(s): 373, 708, 820
Cultivar Name: JUSTIN
Name Abbreviation: JN
Other ID Numbers: ND102
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13462
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-408
Year of Release: 1962
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Thatcher / Kenya Farmer /2/ Lee / Mida, ND40) /3/
Conley
Reference(s): 21, 81, 82, 620, 628, 630, 631, 705, 707, 718, 719
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for JUSTIN wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 2,006,987
1969: 691,112
1974: 185,627
1979: 22,954
1984: 7,237
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Justin Wheat (Reg. No. 408).
Glen S. Smith
JUSTIN, CI 13462, ND 102, hard red spring wheat is a selection
from the cross Conley X ND 40. ND 40 is a selection from the cross
Thatcher-Kenya Farmer X Lee-Mida sib. The last cross was made in 1954
and Justin was selected in 2956 as an F5 head-row at the North Dakota
Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, in cooperative work with the
crops Research Division, ARS, USDA. Five thousand bushels of seed was
released to growers in 1962.
Justin combines superior stem rust resistance obtained from
McMurachy and Kenya Farmer with superior milling and baking quality.
Specifically, Justin is superior to Selkirk in seedling resistance to
stem rust races 11, 15, 15B, 29 and 56, test weight per bushel, water
absorption, dough handling properties, protein content, loaf volume,
crumb color and farinogram, and extensogram patterns. Justin is
inferior to Selkirk in flour yield.
Justin is an awnletted hard red spring wheat with a mildly
clavate spike. It matures 1 to 4 days later than Selkirk, has strong
straw, and is moderately resistant to shattering. Justin is resistant
to "black chaff", and is moderately resistant to leaf rust, loose and
covered smut, and scab.
Justin has yielded well in comparisons with Selkirk, the
predominant hard red spring wheat variety. Average data from the
1959-61 Uniform Regional Nurseries are given in Table 1 and suggest
that Justin is adapted to the region. Quality comparisons from North
Dakota samples are given in Table 2 and show that Justin is superior
in several important quality characteristics. A small mixture of
awned types present in the original release has been eliminated in
seed stocks now being increased.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. Justin compared with standard wheats grown in the Uniform
Regional Hard Red Wheat Nursery, 1959-61 (Total of 63
station-years).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yield, bu./A.
---------------------
Lodging Leaf Stem Test Eastern Western
Variety class* Rust Rust wt. section section All
----------------------------------------------------------------------
1-9 % % lb./bu.
Lee 2.8 35 8 58.1 28 27 28
Justin 1.6 22 T 57.7 27 25 26
Pembina 2.6 25 1 57.5 27 25 26
Selkirk 2.1 30 1 55.8 27 24 26
Thatcher 2.5 64 10 57.1 24 26 25
Conley 2.4 37 1 56.9 23 23 23
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* - erect, 9 - flat.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Justin compared for quality with standard wheats grown in
North Dakota field plots, 1969-61 (Ten station years).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Farino- Extenso-
Wheat Flour Loaf gram gram
Variety protein, absorption volume, pattern, pattern,
----------------------------------------------------------------------
% % cc. score* score*
Justin 16.5 68.8 962 8.0 8.5
Selkirk 15.3 64.6 933 6.6 6.1
Conley 15.6 68.7 922 7.9 7.7
Pembina 15.9 64.3 911 7.9 8.4
Thatcher 15.6 65.3 896 6.7 6.8
Lee 16.1 67.1 890 5.9 5.7
Canthatch 15.8 65.4 888 7.1 7.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Higher scores preferred.
Published in Crop Sci. 3:369.
Cultivar Name: K.W.
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12427
Year of Release: 1944
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): Newday Seed Co., Fargo, North Dakota
Cultivar Name: KARNVOR
Name Abbreviation: KVR
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13347
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Pedigree: Swedish introduction.
Reference(s): 627
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for KARNVOR wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 1,727
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: KENYON
Other ID Numbers: W80084, BW571
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1985
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon,
Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Neepawa*5 / Buck Manantial
Reference(s): 319
Cultivar Name: KITCHENER
Name Abbreviation: KE
Other ID Numbers: CAN1363
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr4800
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-066
Year of Release: 1915
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Seager Wheeler, Rosthern, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Marquis farmer selection.
Reference(s): 133, 153, 154, 155, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166,
168, 169, 170, 255, 453, 511, 512, 585, 743, 757
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for KITCHENER wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 5,451
1929: 4,148
1934: 3,721
1939: 2,671
1944: 275
1949: 1,078
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: KITT
Name Abbreviation: KITT
Other ID Numbers: MN II-64-33
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17297
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-576
Year of Release: 1975
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Thatcher / 2*Supreza /3/ Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 /
Newthatch /7/ Pembina / Frontana / 5*Thatcher /6/
Mida /2/ Kenya 117A / 2*Thatcher /3/ Frontana /
4*Thatcher /4/ (III-58-4, MT Semidwarf #839,
(Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel. 14) /2/ ?*Centana) /5/
Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ 3*Lee
Reference(s): 82, 189, 194, 268, 300, 373, 620, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for KITT wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 302,238
1984: 13,915
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Kitt Wheat (Reg. No. 576).
R. E. Heiner, D. V. McVey, and F. A. Elsayed
'KITT,' (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), CI 17297, a semi-dwarf
hard red spring wheat, was developed, named, and released jointly by
the Minnesota Agric. Exp. Stn. and ARS-USDA in 1975. Kitt has been
tested in Minnesota yield trials since 1969 at MNII-64-33, and it was
entered in the USDA Uniform Regional Hard Red Spring Wheat Nursery in
1972.
Kitt was selected from the cross 'Thatcher' / 2*'Supreza' /3/
'Frontana' /2/ 'Kenya 58' / 'Newthatch' /7/ 'Pembina' / Frontana /
5*Thatcher /6/ 'Mida' /2/ 'Kenya 117A' / 2*Thatcher /3/ Frontana /
4*Thatcher /4/ 'III-58-4' /5/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ 3*'Lee'. The
semidwarf character was introduced through a selection obtained from
Montana and labelled III-58-4 at the Minnesota station.
Kitt is a yellow chaffed, midseason cultivar with good lodging
resistance. The spike is awned, fusiform, and middense. Kernels are
red, hard, and short to medium in length. It is resistant to the
prevalent races of stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Eriks.
& E. Henn.) and to most other virulent isolates found in low frequency
in the recent stem rust surveys. This cultivar has a broader spectrum
of resistance to leaf rust (P. rubigo-vera (De.) Wint. f. sp. tritici
(Eriks.) Carl.) than do 'Chris' and 'Era'. It is also tolerant of
black chaff and ergot (Claviceps purpurea (Fr.) Tul.). The hectoliter
weight for Kitt is lower than that of 'Polk,' Chris, Era, and
'Waldron,' but is similar to that of 'Bounty 208,' 'Manitou,' and
'Selkirk.' Kitt produces 15 to 30% more grain than the cultivars
Chris, Waldron, 'Justin,' and Selkirk. Regional and Minnesota
performance trials show that under favorable environmental conditions
Kitt and Era are similar in yield in Minnesota, South Dakota, and
North Dakota. However, under conditions of moisture stress, Era has
yielded 1 to 5% more grain than Kitt.
Milling performance, mixing characteristics, and general bread
making quality of Kitt are satisfactory. Kitt is significantly higher
than Era in grain and flour protein, bake absorption, and loaf volume,
but is lower than Chris in these quality traits under conditions of
high grain yield.
Breeder seed will be maintained by the Minnesota Agric. Exp. Stn.
Published in Crop Sci. 14:744.
Cultivar Name: KODIAK DWARF
Other ID Numbers: GP1104
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8500018
PVP Status: Abandoned/Withdrawn Date: 06/14/88
Year of Release: 1984
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Great Plains Seed and Research, Inc., Bozeman,
Montana
Pedigree: McKay / Plainsman V
Cultivar Name: KOMAR
Name Abbreviation: KMR
Other ID Numbers: 1656.84
Other Name(s): No. 1656
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr8004
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-270
Year of Release: 1930
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Pedigree: Marquis / Kota
Reference(s): 64, 82, 136, 147, 155, 162, 163, 164, 627, 628,
630, 631, 655, 707, 797, 828, 863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for KOMAR wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 12,412
1939: 107,158
1944: 61,951
1949: 59,991
1954: 43,123
1959: 41,315
1964: 50,771
1969: 18,941
1974: 78,878
1979: 34,288
1984: 16,290
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF KOMAR WHEAT (Reg. No. 270)
J. A. Clark
KOMAR (N.D. Ns. No. 1656.84, C. I. No. 8004) was produced from a
hybrid between Marquis (female) and Kota (male). The cross was made
in 1918 by L. R. Waldron, plant breeder, North Dakota Agricultural
Experiment Station. The selection from which Komar descended was made
in 1923.
Komar is bearded and has white glabrous glumes, beaks 2 to 3 mm
long, and midlong, hard red kernels. It differs from Ceres in being
more resistant to stem rust and a higher yielder, but has slightly
weaker straw. Komar has been extensively tested at experiment
stations in the spring wheat district and has an excellent performance
record. In Iowa, it has shown best adapted. Application for the
registration of this wheat was made by the breeder, L. R. Waldron,
based on Iowa data obtained by L. C. Burnett. Seed of the variety was
increased by the Farm Crops Section of the Iowa Agricultural
Experiment Station and first distributed in 1930 for growing in Iowa.
The comparative yield data upon which registration is based are shown
in Table 3.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3. Comparative yield data of Komar and five other varieties of
hard red spring wheat grown in plat experiments at
experiment stations in Iowa, 1927-31.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percent-
Yield in bushels per acre age
----------------------------------------------- of
Variety 1927* 1928@ 1929@ 1930@ 1931_ Ave. Marquis
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Komar (new) 27.0 25.3 34.7 26.7 32.4 29.0 137.4
Progress
(standard) 17.0 27.1 31.9 25.2 28.7 26.0 123.2
Ceres
(standard) 20.0 23.1 26.6 26.7 27.8 24.8 117.5
Garnet
(standard) 20.0 25.8 31.4 16.6 23.7 23.5 111.4
Java
(standard) 17.0 22.9 27.2 16.5 26.9 22.1 104.7
Marquis
(standard) 12.0 28.4 31.4 14.1 19.4 21.1 100.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Mason City
@ Ames and Mason City
@ Ames, Mason City, and Belmond.
_ Ames and Kenawha.
Further information on Komar is given under its number, 1656.84,
in North Dakota Agricultural experiment Station Bul. 200, 1926.
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 23:1010-1012.
Cultivar Name: KOTA
Name Abbreviation: KOTA
Other ID Numbers: PI010214, CAN1364
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr5878
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-153
Year of Release: 1903
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Russia
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Pedigree: Landrace introduction.
Reference(s): 133, 135, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168, 169, 170,
255, 256, 283, 374, 453, 511, 512, 585, 664, 743,
757, 831, 834
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for KOTA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 471,313
1929: 250,985
1934: 59,890
1939: 8,772
1944: 4,097
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: KRONA
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI564087
PVP Reg. Number: 9300015
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1992
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): AgriPro Biosciences, Inc., Mission, Kansas
Pedigree: Nordic / Norseman
Cultivar Name: KURTZMAN
Name Abbreviation: KZM
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15379
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Reference(s): 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for KURTZMAN wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 911
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: LADOGA
Name Abbreviation: LD
Other ID Numbers: CAN1386
Other Name(s): Bastard, Spring Turkey
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr4795
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-177
Year of Release: 1888
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Russia
Originator(s): William Saunders, Dominion Canada Dept. of
Agriculture, Central Exp. Farm, Ottawa, Canada
Pedigree: Landrace introduction.
Reference(s): 120, 133, 135, 159, 161, 162, 163, 168, 169, 170,
255, 453, 511, 512, 661
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LADOGA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 20,800
1924: 2,593
1929: 9,533
1934: 450
1939: 6,351
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: LAKE
Name Abbreviation: LAKE
Other ID Numbers: CT918, CAN3729
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13413
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-421
Year of Release: 1954
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Swift
Current, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Regent / Canus
Reference(s): 255, 256, 392, 569
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Lake Wheat (Reg. No. 421).
A. G. Kusch
LAKE wheat, C.A.N. 3729, CI 13413, was developed from the cross
Regent X Canus, made at the Canada Agriculture Experimental Farm,
Scott, Saskatchewan, Canada, in 1942. Regent, from the cross H-44 X
Reward, is a hard red spring wheat of good milling and baking quality.
Canus originated from the cross Marquis X Kanred, a winter wheat.
Lake resulted from a bulked F6 line grown in 1947. It was licensed in
1954 and distributed the same year by the Experimental Farm, Scott,
Saskatchewan. It possesses good drought resistance, has good milling
qualities and is suitable for growing in the drier areas of the
Canadian Plains region where it yields well under dry growing
conditions.
Lake is a medium late-maturing variety with strong, medium long
straw. The spike is fusiform, mid-long with long apical awns. The
chaff is white and pubescent; beaks are short, mid-wide and acute;
shoulders mid-wide, square to sloping. Kernels are ovate, of medium
size and red in color; the crease is shallow and wide and the cheeks
angular.
Lake is resistant to prevalent races of common bunt but
moderately susceptible to loose smut. It is resistant to most races
of stem rust but susceptible to 15B races and to leaf rust. It
possesses good resistance to shattering, lodging, and sprouting.
Breeders seed is maintained by the Canada Agricultural
Experimental Farm, Scott, Saskatchewan, Canada.
Published in Crop Sci. 3:457.
Cultivar Name: LANCER
Name Abbreviation: LCR
Other ID Numbers: BW572
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI508271
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-720
Year of Release: 1985
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Fortuna / Chris
Reference(s): 229
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Lancer Wheat (Reg. No. 720).
R. M. DePauw, T. F. Townley-Smith, J. M. Clarke, T. N. McCaig, and D.
S. McBean
'LANCER' (Reg. no. 720) (PI 508271) hard red spring wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) was developed at the Research Station,
Agriculture Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan. Lancer was released
in May 1985, and License no. 2536 was issued for Lancer on 15 May 1985
by the Food Production and Inspection Branch, Plant Health and Plant
Products Directorate of Agriculture Canada. It should not be confused
with 'Lancer' (Reg. No. 441), which is a hard red winter wheat
cultivar developed by the Nebraska Agriculture Experimental Station
and USDA-ARS.
Lancer was selected from the progeny of a cross made in 1969
between 'Fortuna', which has resistance to the wheat stem sawfly
(Cephus cinctus Nort.), and 'Chris', which has a long seed dormancy
period. Lancer was developed using a modified pedigree breeding
method and in 1978 it was assigned Selection no. 6903-180-27D. From
1979 to 1981 Lancer was evaluated in replicated regional trials for
grain yield potential, agronomic characteristics, resistance to the
wheat stem sawfly, and grain quality. From 1982 to 1984 it was
evaluated in the Western Bread Wheat Co-operative tests as BW572.
Lancer averaged as much pith in the lumen of the culm cavity as
'Canuck' and significantly more than the solid-stemmed 'Leader'. It
expressed a higher level of resistance to common root rot [caused
primarily by Bipolaris sorokiniana (Sacc. in Sorok.) Schoem] than
Canuck, 'Columbus', and leader. Lancer also exhibited significantly
lower shattering losses than Canuck, Columbus, and Leader.
Grain yield of Lancer has been similar to that for Canuck and
Leader, but less than that for the hollow-stemmed 'Neepawa' and
Columbus in the absence of damage caused by the whet stem sawfly.
Compared to the sawfly resistant cultivar Canuck, Lanced averaged 2
days earlier maturity and 5 cm shorter straw length. Lancer is
adapted and intended for use in drier prairie areas where the wheat
stem sawfly is likely to be a serious pest.
Lancer is photoperiod insensitive. The spikes are fusiform,
middense, midlong, seminodding, apically awnletted; glumes are
midwide, midlong to long, glabrous, and white; glume shoulders are
square, few rounded and some slightly elevated, midwide to narrow; and
glume beaks are midwide to acute. The kernels are hard, medium red,
midsize, narrow to midwide, midlong, and elliptical to ovate; cheeks
are rounded to angular; brush hairs are medium long; crease is midwide
and middeep; and germ is midsize and round.
Lancer is resistant to many of the prevalent races of leaf rust
(caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici) and stem
rust (caused by P. graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.);
moderately resistant to loose smut [caused by Ustilago tritici (Pers.)
Rostr.] and common bunt [caused by Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) and Liro
and T. Caries (DC) Tul].
The Canadian Expert Committee on Grain Quality has rated Lancer
equal in breadmaking quality to 'Marquis' and noted that it had high
flour yield, very good loaf volume, low (desirable) alpha-amylase
activity, but marginal farinograph absorption. A more detailed
description of the cultivar has been published.
Breeder seed originating from a bulk of 192 breeder lines will be
maintained by the Experimental Farm, Agriculture Canada, Indian Head,
Saskatchewan S0G 2K0. Canada. The multiplication and distribution of
pedigreed seed will be made by SeCan Association, 885 Meadowlands
Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K2C 3M2, Canada.
Published in Crop Sci. 27:1093-1094.
Cultivar Name: LARAMIE
Name Abbreviation: LA
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6235
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-178
Year of Release: 1914
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Wyoming
Originator(s): USDA-BPI
Pedigree: Spring Turkey (probably Ladoga) pure line
selection.
Reference(s): 133, 168, 169
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: LARK
Name Abbreviation: LARK
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17338
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): World Seeds, Inc., Oceanside, California
Pedigree: Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/
Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64
Reference(s): 194, 373, 620, 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LARK wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 791,261
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: LATHROP
Name Abbreviation: LT
Other ID Numbers: Wis. 253
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13457
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-453
Year of Release: 1961
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Wisconsin
Originator(s): Wisconsin AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Henry*7 / PI94587 durum
Reference(s): 46, 81, 265, 628, 630, 631, 696
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LATHROP wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 2,931
1969: 3,148
1974: 895
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Lathrop Wheat (Reg. No. 453).
R. G. Shands
'LATHROP' Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. CI 13457, Wisconsin
253, is a hard red spring wheat developed at the Wisconsin
Agricultural Experiment Station cooperatively with the Agricultural
Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture. The parentage of
Lathrop was 'Henry'7 X P.I. 94587 where Henry, a common wheat, was the
recurrent parent in six backcrosses. Seed of P.I. 94587 (T. durum
Desf.) was brought to the United States by J. G. Dickson who obtained
the seed in 1930 from Portuguese wheat collection that was grown in
Russia. F1 plants of Henry7 X P.I. 94587 were grown in 1955.
Lathrop obtained its resistance to the Hessian fly from the durum
parent. W. B. Cartwright, Entomologist, Entomology Research Division,
Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, working
at Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, conducted greenhouse tests
to determine which lines were resistant to Hessian fly.
F2, F3 and F4 single plant rows were selected for uniformity of
visible agronomic characters, and for fly resistance. Seed from 82
uniform F4 rows grown in 1958 was composited as the foundation of
Lathrop after discarding a number of rows that were off-type in such
characters as plant height, erectness of heads, straw strength, and
kernel size.
Performance comparisons in nursery rod row tests are given for
Lathrop, Henry, 'Lee,' and 'Selkirk' in Table 1 and 2. Except for
being fly resistant, Lathrop is similar to Henry and cannot be
distinguished definitely from the Henry parent in any character
observed to date. The kernel weight of Lathrop is slightly less than
that of Henry (Table 1); but the difference is too small for
identification use. Yields of Lathrop and Henry are very similar.
Midseason in maturity, Lathrop has a fairly strong straw that is
medium in height. It is moderately resistant in the field to leaf
rust and stem rust (Table 2), but susceptible to powdery mildew. It
is susceptible to loose smut when artificially inoculated; but the
disease has not built up under field conditions. Lathrop was tested
in the Uniform Regional Hard Red Spring Wheat Nursery for 3 years,
1959-61.
Lathrop and Henry are very similar in appearance in the field,
each having awns and glabrous white glumes. Range of adaptation of
Lathrop and Henry appears to be the same. Although milling qualities
of Lathrop are satisfactory, the protein content is lower than desired
for breadmaking purposes. Lathrop has maintained fairly high
resistance to Wisconsin Hessian flies for 7 years. Whenever Hessian
fly infestation is severe in Wisconsin, as it sometimes is, Lathrop
has an advantage over susceptible varieties.
Seed of Lathrop was distributed to Wisconsin seed producers and
briefly described in the spring of 1961. Breeder seed will be
maintained by the Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. Yield and agronomic data for Lathrop and other spring wheat
varieties in tests at 5 Wisconsin stations, 1959-1962.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Test Kernel Date Plant
CI Yield wt. wt. headed, ht. Lodged
Variety no. lb/acre b/bu mg June in %
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Lathrop 13457 2028 59.0 35.6 25.1 34.4 18.5
Henry 12265 2016 58.7 36.6 25.5 34.6 18.7
Lee 12488 1848 58.4 34.4 23.7 33.1 24.9
Selkirk 13100 1824 57.3 33.6 25.0 33.4 11.4
No. comparisons 22 4 22 19 16 10
----------------------------------------------------------------------
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Disease and Hessian fly response of Lathrop and other spring
wheat varieties in tests at 5 Wisconsin stations, 1959-1962.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Leaf Stem Powdery Hessian
Variety rust, % rust, % mildew, % fly, no.*
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Lathrop 14.6 1.8 18.3 4
Henry 15.9 2.0 21.3 46
Lee 29.2 4.9 5.0 29
Selkirk 29.4 0.3 4.5 54
No. comparisons 16 12 4 7
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Average number of Hessian fly-infested plants in an 18-foot
nursery row sown with 500 kernels.
Published in Crop Sci. 6:391.
Cultivar Name: LAURA
Other ID Numbers: BW581, BW593, 7623UA1A
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI518648
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-737
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: (Manitou / Tobari 66, BW15) /5/ (BW517, Carazinho
/ CT763 /4/ Atlas 66 /3/ (CT262, Thatcher*6 /
Kenya Farmer /2/ Lee*6 / Kenya Farmer))
Reference(s): 205, 206
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Laura Spring Wheat (Reg. No. 737).
R. M. DePauw, T. F. Townley-Smith, T. N. McCaig, and J. M. Clarke
'LAURA' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg.no.
737)(PI 518648) was developed at the Research Station, Agriculture
Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan. Registration no. 2730 was issued
for Laura on 23 Dec. 1986 by Plant Health and Plant Products
Directorate, Food Production and Inspection Branch of Agriculture
Canada.
Laura was selected from the progeny of a cross made in 1976
between BW15 and BW517 whose parentages are 'Manitou'/'Tobari 66' and
Carazinho'/CT 763/2/'Atlas 66'/CT 262, respectively. Laura was
developed using a modified pedigree method and early generation yield
testing procedures.
An F6 derived F8 line designated 7623 UA1A became the progenitor
of Laura. From 1983 to 1985 it was evaluated in the Western Bread
Wheat Cooperative tests as BW581 and BW593. Laura averaged 7% more
grain yield than 'Neepawa' and 3 to 9% more than other check
cultivars. It matured about 2 d later than Neepawa and about 1 d
earlier than Columbus, and had slightly shorter, weaker straw than
Neepawa. Laura is photoperiod insensitive, whereas all other Canadian
hard red spring wheats are photoperiod sensitive except 'Lancer' and
'Leader'.
The spikes are oblong to fusiform, middense, midlong, erect,
awned; glumes are midwide, midlong, glabrous and white; glume
shoulders are square, some rounded, some slightly elevated, midwide;
glume beaks are midwide, tending to accuminate. The kernels are hard,
red, medium size, and ovate; cheeks are angular to slightly rounded;
brush hairs are midlong; crease is midwide, middeep; germ is midsize
and ovate.
Laura is resistant to prevalent races of leaf rust (caused by
Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici) and stem rust
(caused by P. graminis Pers. f. sp tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.) and
moderately resistnt to common root rot [caused primarily by Bipolaris
sorokiniana (Sacc. in Sorok.) Shoem.]. It is physiologically
susceptible to loose smut [caused by Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr.]
but expresses morphological resistance. Laura is susceptible to
common bunt [caused by Tilletia foetida (Wall.) Liro and T. caries
(DC.) Tul.].
The Canadian Expert Committee on Grain Quality has rated Laura
equal in breadmaking quality to Neepawa and noted that it has very
good bread baking properties and stronger gluten properties than
Neepawa. A more detailed description of the cultivar has been
published.
Breeder seed originating from a bulk of 142 breeder lines will be
maintained by the Experimental Farm, Agriculture Canada, Indian Head,
Saskatchewan, S0G 2A0, Canada. The multiplication and distribution of
pedigreed seed will be made by SeCan Association, 3-512-885
Meadowlands Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K2C 3N2, Canada.
Published in Crop Sci. 28:1032-1033.
Cultivar Name: LEADER
Name Abbreviation: LDR
Other ID Numbers: 6903-57, BW535, Canada LN2085, PGR11859
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI496259
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-663
Year of Release: 1981
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada, Swift Current, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Fortuna / Chris
Reference(s): 200, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LEADER wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 5,626
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Leader Wheat (Reg. No. 663).
R. M. De Pauw, D. S. McBean, T. F. Townley-Smith, J. M. Clarke, T. N.
McCaig, and S. R. Buzinski
'LEADER' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was
developed at the Research Station, Agriculture Canada, swift Current,
Saskatchewan. It received license number 2085 in Canada in March
1981.
Leader was selected from a cross between the cultivar 'Fortuna',
which has resistance to the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Nort.),
and the cultivar 'Chris', which has a long seed dormancy period.
Leader was developed using the pedigree breeding method, tested as
selection number 6903-57, and evaluated in the Western Bread Wheat Co-
operative Tests as BW 535. Breeder seed was produced by bulking the
progeny from 311 uniform plant rows.
Leader is the first cutivar developed which combines resistance
to cutting by the wheat stem sawfly with a long seed dormancy period.
Leader has better resistance to damage by wet weather conditions prior
to threshing than all other Canadian wheat cultivars except 'Columbus'
(De Pauw et al. 1982).
In the drier prairie area where the wheat stem sawfly is likely
to be a serious pest of wheat, Leader average 5% higher yield than
'Neepawa' and 2% more than 'Chester' (De Pauw et al 1982). In the
moister parts of the prairies, Leader has no yield advantage over
Neepawa.
Compared to the sawfly resistant cultivar Chester, Leader is
slightly later maturing and has slightly shorter straw. Leader is
photoperiod insensitive. The spikes are oblong to fusiform, middense,
erect, and apically awnletted; glumes are midlong, midwide, glabrous,
and white, shoulders are midwide, square to rounded and some slightly
elevated; beaks are short, midwide and acute. The kernels are medium
red, ovate and midlong; germ is round to oval and midsize; crease is
midwide, middeep and frequently open at the brush end; cheeks are
rounded to slightly angular;a nd the brush is midsize and midlong to
short.
Leader is resistant to many races of leaf rust (caused by
Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici), stem rust (caused
by P. graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. and Henn.), loose smut
[caused by Ustilago tritici (pers.) Rostr.], and common bunt [caused
by Tilletia foetida (Wallr.) Liro and T. caries (DC) Tul.], and
moderately susceptible to common root rot [caused by Bipolaris
sorokiniana (Sacc. in Sorok.) Shoem, and Fusarium sp.].
The Canadian Expert Committee on Grain Quality has rated Leader
equal in breadmaking quality to 'Marquis' and noted that it had high
flour yield, very good loaf volume, low (desirable) alpha-amylase
activity, but marginal farinograph absorption. A more detailed
description of the cultivar has been published.
Breeder seed will be maintained at the Research Station,
Agriculture Canada, Regina, Saskatchewan, S4P 3A2. The multiplication
and distribution of pedigreed seed will be made by SeCan Assoc., 885
Meadowlands Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K2C 3M2.
Published in Crop Sci. 22:1265-1266.
Cultivar Name: LEE
Name Abbreviation: LEE
Other ID Numbers: MN II-39-46, MN2776, CAN3751
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12488
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-364
Year of Release: 1951
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Hope /2/ Bobin / Gaza
Reference(s): 46, 47, 64, 81, 256, 303, 569, 627, 628, 630, 631,
655, 707, 749, 750
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LEE wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 3,838,783
1959: 1,612,030
1964: 1,383,365
1969: 35,862
1974: 1,822
1979: 0
1984: 465
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF LEE WHEAT (Reg. No. 364)
E. G. Heyne
LEE, CI 12488, is a hard red spring wheat developed by the
Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and the Crops Research
Division, ARS, USDA. It is a selection from the cross, Hope x Bobin-
Gaza, made in 1939. The final selection resulting in Lee was made in
1943. The application for registration was made by E. R. Ausemus.
Lee was distributed to Minnesota growers in the spring of 1950.
Lee is a high yielding wheat, of medium early maturity and
resistant to a number of races of leaf and stem rust. Data on yield,
test weight, and leaf rust are given in table 2. During the 5-year
period 1946-50 in Minnesota it was superior in yield at 3 or 4
locations in comparison with standard varieties, equal or superior in
test weight to Rival and Thatcher but perhaps inferior to Mida.
During this period it showed outstanding resistance to leaf rust.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Yield, test weight, and leaf rust data on Lee spring wheat
in comparison with three other varieties grown in 1/40 acre plots in
Minnesot, 1946-50.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Variety CI No. St. Paul Waseca Morris Crookston
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yield, bushels per acre
------------------------------------------------
Lee 12488 30.8 25.2 33.8 29.5
Thatcher 10003 24.2 22.6 29.5 22.6
Rival 11708 25.9 27.4 33.3 26.0
Mida 12008 27.0 25.0 30.8 26.7
Test weight, pounds per bushel
------------------------------------------------
Lee 12488 58.6 59.6 59.7 58.7
Thatcher 10003 56.1 59.0 56.3 56.7
Rival 11708 57.0 59.6 58.6 57.8
Mida 12008 58.6 60.5 59.9 59.7
Leaf rust infection, percent
------------------------------------------------
Lee 12488 1 1 1 4
Thatcher 10003 73 68 82 71
Rival 11708 50 51 65 56
Mida 12008 39 45 59 55
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Since 1950 Lee has shown continued resistance to leaf and stem
rust but is susceptible to race 15B of stem rust. However, it appears
to have tolerance to race 15B in comparison to other susceptible
varieties. The leaf rust races also have changed since 1950 but Lee
is still classified as moderately resistant to this disease. Lee was
grown on an estimated 3.8 million acres in 1954 (11) but since then
has decreased in acreage because varieties are available that resist
race 15B of stem rust. Lee is adapted to the North Central or spring
wheat region, most of the 1954 acreage being in North Dakota, South
Dakota, Minnesota, Montana, and Colorado.
Lee is a bearded variety with smooth, white chaff. It has medium
strength straw. The kernels are red, of medium size with a round
germ. It is moderately resistant to root rots and blackchaff,
moderately susceptible to bunt, and susceptible to loose smut and
scab. The milling and baking characters are good, being about equal
to Thatcher. Description of Lee has been published (2).
Published in Agron. J. 50:686-690.
Cultivar Name: LEIF
Other ID Numbers: 77S4342
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8500108
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 03/31/88
Year of Release: 1985
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Northrup King & Co., Eden Prairie, MN; Rohm and
Haas Seeds, Inc., Philadelphia, PA
Pedigree: Era / Buck Cimmarron
Cultivar Name: LEN
Name Abbreviation: LEN
Other ID Numbers: ND543
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17790
Year of Release: 1979
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: (Waldron /3/ Justin /2/ Conley / Norin 10 deriv.,
ND499) /8/ Justin /5/ (RL4205, Pembina*6 /2/
Thatcher*3 / Transfer /4/ Pembina*6 /3/ Thatcher*2
/2/ Marquis*6 / Red Egyptian) /7/ (Wis. 261, H678-
1-5-1, Penjamo 62 /2/ Henry*7 / P54 /5/ Kenya 184
/4/ 7*(Wis. 250-2-3-3-1, Henry /3/ (Wis 244, H196-
21, CItr12617, Thatcher /2/ Illinois No. 1*2 /
Hope)) /6/ Kenya 184 /4/ 4*(Wis. 250-6-10-2-2-1,
Henry /3/ (Wis. 244, H196-21, CItr12617, Thatcher
/2/ Illinois No. 1*2 / Hope)))
Reference(s): 72, 82, 194, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LEN wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 4,043
1984: 1,826,861
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: LEO 747
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Place of Origin: Egypt
Cultivar Name: LERMA ROJO
Name Abbreviation: LR
Other ID Numbers: PI342967, PI390855
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13651
Year of Release: 1963
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Lerma 50 / Yaqui 48 / Maria Escobar*2 / Supremo
211
Reference(s): 546, 628, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LERMA ROJO wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 748
1969: 479
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: LERMA ROJO 64
Name Abbreviation: LR64
Other ID Numbers: II-8724-8Y-1C-1Y
Other Name(s): II-8724
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13929
Year of Release: 1964
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Yaqui 50 /2/ Norin 10 / Brevor /3/ Lerma 52 /4/
2*Lerma Rojo
Reference(s): 194, 631, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LERMA ROJO 64 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 7,329
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: LEW
Name Abbreviation: LEW
Other ID Numbers: MT0711
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17429
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-582
Year of Release: 1976
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Fortuna /8/ (S6285, (Thatcher / Kenya Farmer, ND4)
/7/ Rescue /6/ (Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Frontana,
CItr13154, II-50-17) /5/ (51-3349, Rescue /4/
(N1831, Mida /3/ (N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-15)
/2/ Thatcher))))
Reference(s): 72, 73, 82, 189, 268, 470, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for LEW wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 141,837
1984: 218,849
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Lew Wheat (Reg. No. 582).
F. H. McNeal and M.A. Berg
'LEW' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), CI 17429, Montana
selection MT 711, is a hard red spring wheat cultivar that is
resistant to the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton). It was
developed cooperatively by the Montana Agricultural Experiment
Station, the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, and the
ARS, USDa. Lew was selected at Minot, N.D. in 1969, from the cross
'Fortuna'/S6285, S6285 is a selection from the cross
ND4/'Rescue'/2/II-50-17/513349, and includes the cultivars 'Thatcher',
'Kenya Farmer 338 Ac', Rescue, 'Chinook', Frontana, 'Kenya 58', and
'Newthatch' in its pedigree.
The cross from which Lew was selected was made in 1964. An F6
seed bulk was subsequently harvested from an F5 head row at Minot,
N.D. in 1969, and this seed was then used for planting in a single row
yield nursery at Bozeman, Mont. in 1979. This selection was advanced
to the Montana Yield Nursery in 1971 when it was assigned Montana
Selection number MT 711. MT 711 was then grown in the Montana
Advanced Yield Nursery at six research center, 1972-1975. It was also
included in the International Sawfly Yield Nursery 1972-1975 and the
Uniform Regional Hard Red Spring Wheat Nursery 1974-1975.
Lew has a solid stem that provides resistance to the wheat stem
sawfly, an insect pest found in wheat producing areas of Montana and
North Dakota. The cultivar has white straw and chaff and is midseason
in maturity. The spike is awnleted, fusiform, middense, to lax, and
has a tendency to nod at maturity. The awns are white and the glumes
are glabrous. Kernels are red, hard, and midlong; the brush is
midsized.
Montana data suggest that Lew has a yield and test weight
advantage over 'Tioga', a sister selection released in North Dakota
and Montana in 1974. Lew is resistant to stripe rust (Puccinia
striiformis, West) and leaf rust (Puccinia rubigo-vera (DC.) Wint. f.
sp. tritici (Eriks.) Carl.), while Tioga is susceptible to both. Lew
is also resistant to stem rust (Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici
Eriks. and E. Henn.). The Montana Cereal Quality Laboratory rates Lew
superior to Tioga in both milling and baking quality, and superior to
Fortuna in baking quality.
Approximately 21,400 kg (785 bu) of breeder seed was released to
Montana certified seed growers in the spring of 1976. Breeder and
foundation seed will be maintained by the Plant and Soil Science
Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59715.
Published in Crop Sci. 17:674.
Cultivar Name: MANITOU
Name Abbreviation: MITU
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13775
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-468
Year of Release: 1965
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Rust Area Project, Cereal Crops Division, Canada
Dept. of Agriculture, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: Thatcher*6 / Frontana /2/ Canthatch /3/ Thatcher*6
/ PI170925
Reference(s): 82, 108, 113, 620, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MANITOU wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 1,024,341
1974: 364,574
1979: 12,437
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Manitou Wheat (Reg. No. 468).
A. B. Campbell
'MANITOU' Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) CI 13775, a hard red
spring wheat, was developed by the Rust Area Project Group centered at
the Canada Department of Agriculture Research Station, Winnipeg.
Manitou was produced by the backcross method, using 'Thatcher' as the
recurrent parent. 'Kenya Farmer' as the donor parent of the stem rust
gene Sr7, PI 170925 (a Red Egyptian type) for Sr6, and 'Frontana' for
a gene for adult plant leaf rust resistance. The pedigree is
Thatcher*6 / Frontana /2/ Canthatch /3/ Thatcher*6 / PI170925.
The first cross was made in 1951, the final one in 1959, and
Manitou was named and licensed in Canada in February, 1965. Manitou
is very similar to Thatcher, apart from its rust resistance and
quality, which are superior.
The spike of Manitou is fusiform, mid-dense, smaller than most
varieties, apically awnletted; glumes are mid-long, mid-wide,
glabrous, white; beaks are short, mid-wide, obtuse to acute; shoulders
are mid-wide, predominately square, but slightly rounded at the base
of the spike and slightly elevated at the tip. The kernels are small
to mid-size, ovate, short to mid-long, mid-wide, hard, light to medium
red; crease is mid-wide to wide; mid-deep; cheeks are angular to
rounded; brush is small to mid-size, mid-long, and the germ is mid-
size oval.
Manitou is adapted to the area in which Thatcher was successful
in the past. Its leaf rust resistance is superior to that of
'Selkirk' and 'Pembina' and it is expected to supplant these
varieties, as well as much of the acreage of 'Canthatch' and Thatcher.
Manitou is resistant to loose smut, head discoloration and common root
rot, but is susceptible to bunt.
Breeder seed will be maintained by the Canada Department of
Agriculture from 112 permanent breeder lines.
Published in Crop Sci. 7:406.
Cultivar Name: MARBERG
Name Abbreviation: MBG
Other ID Numbers: MT7416
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17829
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-631
Year of Release: 1980
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Red River 68 /3/ (Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel. 14,
CItr13253) /2/ 6*Centana
Reference(s): 75, 194, 466, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MARBERG wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 8,915
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Marberg Wheat (Reg. No. 631).
F. H. McNeal and D. L. Klindworth
'MARBERG' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), CI 17829,
Montana selection MT7416, is a hard red spring wheat cultivar
developed cooperatively by the Montana Agric. Exp. Stn. and AR-SEA-
USDA. Marberg is an F5-derived head selection from the cross 'Red
River 68'/2/CI 13253/6* 'Centana.' CI 13253, from the O. A. Vogel's
'Norin 10'/'Brevor,' was crossed with Centana at Bozeman, Montana in
1955. Backcrosses were then made with Centana as the recurrent
parent. One of the selections from this series of crosses was then
crossed to Red River 68 in 1968 to obtain resistance to stem rust.
Semidwarf selections from this series of crosses were first tested for
yield in a single row yield nursery in 1973, and Marberg was given the
Montana selection number T 7416 the following winter. MT 7416 was
included in the Montana Yield Nursery at four locations in 1974, and
it has bee included in the Montana Advanced Yield Nursery since that
time. It was also included in the Uniform Regional Hard Red Spring
Wheat Nursery 1976 to 1978 inclusive.
Marberg and 'Pondera' are similar in appearance, except that
Marberg has white chaff. The straw is white and the spike is awned,
fusiform, and middense. Kernels are red, midlong, hard, and ovate.
Marberg is resistant to stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers.
f. sp. tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.), only moderately resistant to stripe
rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis West.), and moderately
susceptible to leaf rust (caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm.
f. sp. tritici Eriks.) under Montana conditions. Yield levels have
not been seriously depressed by Septoria diseases, but the reaction to
other diseases is unknown.
Montana producers should benefit from the lodging resistance and
high yield potential of Marberg. Grain yields of Marberg have been
nearly equal to those of Pondera and 'Newana,' but the test weight of
Marberg has been slightly lower than that of 'Olaf,' but Montana's
Cereal Quality Laboratory rates it satisfactory for both milling and
baking properties.
About 8,200 kg (300 bu) of breeder seed will be released to
Montana certified seed growers in the spring of 1980. Breeder and
foundation seed will be maintained by the Plant and Soil Science Dep.,
Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59717.
Marberg is named in honor of Marvin A. Berg, retired agronomist
for AR-SEA-USDA, who worked with the Montana Spring Wheat Improvement
Program for more than 30 years.
Published in Crop Sci. 20:828.
Cultivar Name: MARQUILLO
Name Abbreviation: MQL
Other ID Numbers: MN II-15-44
Other Name(s): Minn. No. 2202, Minnesota No. 2202
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6887
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-237
Year of Release: 1928
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesots AES; USDA-BPI
Pedigree: Marquis / Iumillo durum
Reference(s): 64, 135, 147, 153, 154, 155, 161, 162, 163, 164,
167, 374, 585, 744, 757, 797
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MARQUILLO wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 10,150
1934: 135,185
1939: 143,698
1944: 16,958
1949: 1,053
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF MARQUILLO WHEAT (Reg. No. 237)
J. A. Clark
MARQUILLO (Minn. No. 2202; C. I. No. 6887) was developed at the
Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station in cooperative experiments
with the Office of Cereal Crops and Diseases Bureau of Plant Industry,
U. S. Department of Agriculture. it is the result of a cross made in
1914 between Marquis (female) and Iumillo durum (male). The selection
II-15-44 was made in 1918. Application for registration was made from
the plant breeding section of the Minnesota station. Marquillo is
very similar to Marquis, although it is somewhat earlier in maturity
and is more resistant to attacks of black stem rust (Puccinia graminis
tritici). It has good strong straw and under Minnesota conditions has
been a slightly better yielder than Marquis. The suggested place in
the present classification is after Marquis (Reg. No. 57). Marquillo
has been grown experimentally at University Farm, St. Paul, at the
substations in Minnesota, and at stations in North Dakota, Montana and
Canada. The nursery experiments have been conducted in rod rows, 3
rows per plat, system tically distributed three or four times, the
center row used being to determine yield. The plat experiments in
Minnesota were grown on 1/40th acre plats, systemically replicated
three of four times with outer two drill rows removed. The annual
average yields and the percentages of stem rust infection for
Marquillo and Marquis at the different stations are as follows:
Comparative Yielding Ability and Percentage of Rust Infectiona of
Marquis and Marquillo.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
Type Yield in rust
of bushels per Acre infection
experi- Locality ------------------ ------------------
ment Test Year Marquis Marquillo Marquis Marquillo
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Nursery Univ. Farm. 1921 18.4 16.1 0 0
rows, St. Paul 1922 36.0 40.0 41 T
1923 31.0 32.4 22 T
1924 26.9 22.7 0 0
1925 35.4 35.6 34 0.5
Aver. 29.5 29.4
Waseca, 1922 19.7 29.1 35 3
Minn 1923 22.2 22.6 23 4
1925 19.1 16.1 27 2
Aver. 20.3 22.6
Crookston 1922 28.1 26.8 20 2
1923 15.8 21.8 58 T
1925 26.1 32.6 82 13
Aver. 23.3 27.0
Morris, 1922 24.8 27.2 24 0
Minn 1923 16.4 21.8 88 15
1925 17.8 23.7 65 3
Aver. 19.7 24.2
Average of 1923 28.2 37.4 30-75 5-15
six local- 1924 28.8 26.2 0-45 0-3
ities in Aver. 28.5 31.8
Canada
Mandan, 1924 21.8 22.6 24 3
N.Dak.
Dickinson, 1923 11.2 15.7 50 20
N. Dak. 1924 20.9 11.8b 25 5
Aver. 16.1 13.8
Moccasin, 1923 36.6 37.7 0 0
Mont. 1924 36.9 32.4 0 0
Aver. 36.8 35.1
Fargo, 1924 38.4 37.0 64 2
N. Dak.
North Platte, 1924 31.4 25.1 0 0
Nebr.
Plats
Crookston, 1924 20.5 30.0 95 50
Minn. 1925 27.9 37.7 68 10
Aver. 24.2 33.9
Morris, 1924 28.9 27.9 42 1
Minn. 1925 17.6 20.6 100 15
Aver. 23.3 24.3
Waseca, 1924 37.2 42.1 80 1
Minn. 1925 24.6 23.3 83 T
Aver. 30.9 32.7
Grand 1924 15.0 15.4 87 42
Rapids, 1925 19.2 21.3 10 10
Minn. Aver. 17.1 18.4
Univ. Farm, 1924 33.3 32.0 0 0
St. Paul 1925 29.2 31.4
Aver. 31.3 31.7
Moccasin, 1924 32.0 31.5 0 0
Mont.
Brandon, 1924 44.0 55.3 70 20
Man.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Acknowledgement is made to various investigators who have kindly
furnished comparative data which they have taken. Through such
cooperation a comparison under many different conditions has been
made possible. The data obtained from 6 places in Canada were
furnished by Prof. W. P. Fraser; Mr J. A. Clark, of the U. S.
Department of Agriculture, furnished data from Mandan and
Dickinson, N. Dak., and Moccasin, Mont.; Prof. L. R. Waldron
furnished the data from Fargo; Mr. S. J. Sigfusson furnished the
report from Bandron, Manitoba, canada.
# The data collected at the branch stations in Minnesota were
obtained from Prof. A. C. Arny for the 40th-acre plat tests. The
various branch station agronomists, R. E. Hodgson, Waseca; R. O.
Bridgford, Morris; R. S. Dunham, Crookston; O. I. Bergh, Grand
Rapids; and M. J. Thompson, Duluth, assisted in the collecting of
data obtained from the branch stations.
+ Probably the result of root rot.
For further information see Hayes, Stakman, and Aamodt.
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 18:922-935.
Cultivar Name: MARQUIS
Name Abbreviation: MQ
Other ID Numbers: CAN1396, CAN1831, CItr4158
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr3641
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-057
Year of Release: 1911
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Ottawa,
Ontario
Pedigree: Hard Red Calcutta / Red Fife
Reference(s): 46, 47, 57, 58, 59, 64, 82, 133, 135, 147, 153,
154, 155, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 168, 169,
170, 190, 222, 255, 256, 283, 374, 453, 486, 511,
512, 627, 628, 630, 631, 655, 663, 664, 707, 743,
744, 797, 835, 863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MARQUIS wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 11,734,000
1924: 9,605,870
1929: 11,786,590
1934: 8,510,141
1939: 3,224,867
1944: 1,529,428
1949: 882,382
1954: 237,236
1959: 64,630
1964: 19,769
1969: 906
1974: 503
1979: 206
1984: 2,012
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: MARSHALL
Name Abbreviation: MS-U
Other ID Numbers: MN70170, MN70170R
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17920
PVP Reg. Number: 8300077
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date:08/30/85
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-665
Year of Release: 1982
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Era / Waldron
Reference(s): 72, 97, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MARSHALL wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 2,556,347
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Marshall Wheat (Reg. No. 665).
R. Busch, D. McVey, V. Youngs, R. Heiner, and F. Elsayed
'MARSHALL', CI 17920, is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) developed and released cooperatively by the Minnesota
Agricultural Experiment Station and the USDA-ARS in 1982. Marshall
originated from a plant selection in the F4 row of the cross 'Era' (CI
13986)/'Waldron' (CI 13958) and was tested in state and regional
trials as MN70170 and MN70170R. MN70170 was first entered in
Minnesota yield trials in 1975 and in the Uniform Regional Hard Red
Spring Wheat Nursery in 1976. Segregation for resistance to leaf rust
(caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. desm. F. sp. tritici) was
observed among 600 head rows in the winter nursery at Ciudad Obregon,
Sonora, Mexico in 1979 and approximately 200 rows exhibiting
resistance were selected and bulked. This reselected population was
designated MN70170R. Further seed increase was conducted in 1979 at
St. Paul, Minn. and 3,500 plants were randomly sampled from the
increase and grown in 1980 as plant rows in leaf rust inoculated
conditions to verify uniformity for resistance. Less than 5% of the
rows were moderately susceptible to leaf rust and rogued from the
plant row increase. Testing of MN70170R was continued in Minnesota
yield trials in 1979 and in the Uniform Regional Hard Red Spring Wheat
Nursery in 1980.
Compared to Era, Marshall has averaged 1% higher in grain yield
in Minnesota and has been equal in the Uniform regional Hard Red
Spring Wheat Nursery. It is similar in test weight, 2 days earlier to
head, 2 cm shorter in plant height, and is more lodging resistant.
Marshall's main attributes are earlier heading, lodging resistance,
0.5 percentage point increase in grain protein, and superior
breadmaking quality, compared to Era.
Marshall is resistant to shattering. The spike is awned,
fusiform to oblong, and mid-dense. The glumes are glabrous and white,
shoulders are mid-wide and elevated, and beaks are tapering and mid-
long. The kernel shape is ovate, mid-size to small, mid-long to
short, with rounded cheeks, and the crease is narrow and shallow to
mid-deep. The brush is mid-size to small and mid-long.
It is resistant to prevalent races of stem rust (caused by
Puccinia graminis Pers. F sp. tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.) and
moderately resistant to leaf rust, possessing both seedling and adult
plant resistance genes. Marshall is moderately resistant to loose
smut [caused by Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Rostr.] and to ergot (caused
by Claviceps purpurea).
Marshall has satisfactory milling performance, mixing
characteristics, and general breadmaking quality but is similar to Era
in bake absorption. Foundation seed of Marshall was distributed to
registered seed producers in 1982. Breeders seed will be maintained
by the Minnesota Crop Improvement Assoc., 1900 Hendon Ave., St. Paul,
MN 55108. Application will be made for Plant Variety Protection with
seed certification option.
Published in Crop Sci. 23:187.
Cultivar Name: MAX
Name Abbreviation: MAX
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1978
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Germany
Originator(s): Dr. Hans Hege, Saatzucht, West Germany
Pedigree: Sappo / Kolibri
Reference(s): 503
Cultivar Name: MCKAY
Name Abbreviation: MCKAY
Other ID Numbers: ID0167
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17903
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-681
Year of Release: 1981
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Idaho
Originator(s): Idaho AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Moran / Tobari 66 /5/ Tezanos Pintos Precoz /
3*Andes /4/ (B61-136 Ab. Sel. 1, (Norin 10 /
Brevor, Sel. 14) /2/ Centana /3/ Conley)
Reference(s): 72, 370, 517, 707, 763, 780
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MCKAY wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 19,122
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of McKay Wheat (Reg. No. 681).
D. W. Sunderman and Brendan O'Connell
'McKAY' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg. no.
681), CI 17903, was named after Hugh McKay, retired former
superintendent of the University of Idaho Tetonia Research and
Extension Center, whose willing cooperation in testing selections at
Tetonia helped make the cultivar development program a success. It
was developed cooperatively by USDA-ARS and the Idaho Agricultural
Experiment Station.
McKay was selected as an F5 line from the cross 'Moran'/'Tobari
66'/3/'Tezanos Pintos Precoz'/AN3/2/B61-136 Ab. Sel. 1. B61-136 is a
Montana selection derived from the cross 'Norin 10'/'Brevor
14'/2/'Centana'/3/'Conley'. McKay was tested in Idaho trials for 6
years (1975 to 1980), in the Tri-State Nursery in 1978 as ID0167, and
in the Western Regional Nursery for 2 years (1979 to 1980). It was
released jointly in 1981 by the Idaho, Oregon, and Colorado
Agricultural Experiment Stations and USDA-ARS.
McKay is a white-glumed, awned, semidwarf cultivar which has
moderately stiff straw. It is intermediate in maturity and heads 2
days later than 'Borah'. In irrigated trials, McKay has had an
average height of 84 cm compared to 79 cm for Borah. Spikes of McKay
are erect to inclined, oblong, and middense. The glumes are white,
midlong, and midwide with rounded to elevated midwide shoulders.
Beaks are narrow, acuminate, and 2 to 7 mm long. The kernels are
hard, red, midlong, and ovate with a midsized germ, rounded cheeks,
and a narrow middeep crease.
McKay has been moderately resistant to the prevalent races of
powdery mildew (caused by Erysiphe graminis DC. f. sp. tritici E.
Marchal) and leaf rust (caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f.
sp. tritici) in the Pacific Northwest. It has been resistant to the
prevalent races of stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis West.)
in the Pacific Northwest; however, it was moderately susceptible to
race CDL-17 which was present at Mt. Vernon, Wash. in 1979.
In 2 years of testing in the regional nursery at 20 locations in
the western region, McKay yielded 3% more than the highest the second
highest yielding hard red entry in the nursery and 6% more than Borah.
The 5-year average yield of McKay in the Idaho irrigated trials was
108% of Borah. In 5 years of testing in a southern Idaho nonirrigated
trial, the average yield of McKay was 120% of Borah. The test weight
of McKay is slightly higher than Borah when grown under irrigation,
whereas Borah has a slightly higher test weight under nonirrigated
conditions.
The milling and baking quality of McKay has been excellent.
Baking characteristics of McKay flour at 11% protein are equal to
Borah flour at 12%. The grain protein content of McKay has averaged 1
percentage point lower than Borah and will occasionally be below 12%.
Breeder and foundation seed of McKay will be maintained by the
Univ. of Idaho aberdeen Res. & Ext. Ctr., P.O. Box AA, Aberdeen, ID
83210.
Published in Crop Sci. 24:211.
Cultivar Name: MERCURY
Name Abbreviation: MRY
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11872
Year of Release: <1933
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Pedigree: Ceres /2/ Hope / Florence
Reference(s): 164, 797, 832
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MERCURY wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 70
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: MIDA
Name Abbreviation: MIDA-U
Other ID Numbers: Ns.2829
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12008
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-338
Year of Release: 1944
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-BPISAE
Pedigree: Mercury /2/ Ceres / Double Cross
Reference(s): 46, 47, 64, 81, 82, 150, 155, 164, 627, 628, 630,
631, 655, 707, 750, 754, 830, 833, 863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MIDA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 18,552
1949: 5,554,156
1954: 1,558,910
1959: 221,326
1964: 82,776
1969: 13,890
1974: 8,297
1979: 515
1984: 1,872
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF MIDA WHEAT (Reg. No. 338)
J. A. Clark
MIDA (Ns. 2829, C. I. 12008) was developed by the Agronomy
Department of the North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station
cooperating with the Division of Cereal Crops and Diseases of the U.
S. Dept. of Agriculture from a Ceres-Double Cross (R. L. 625) X
Mercury cross. The cross was made at Fargo, N. Dak., in December
1933. Two generations a year were grown by the further use of the
greenhouse and the strain resulting in Mida (F5) was last selected in
1936. The superior characters of Mida are high yield and resistance
to stem and leaf rust and to bunt. It is tall with often blackish
awns, strong straw, and large kernels with heavy test weight. The
quality of Mida is of medium strength and declared satisfactory for
all-purpose bakers flour. The wheat was increased first at Fargo and
later under contract with seed growers in the state and in 1944 over
15,000 bushels were distributed to some 800 North Dakota farmers.
Mida was included in the Uniform Regional Nursery for the 3 years
1939-41 and in plot experiments at five North Dakota experiment
stations for the 4 years 1940-43. It was also included in field plot
experiments in neighboring states and was made a uniform variety for
the region in 1944. Average yields for some of these experiments are
shown in Tables 3 and 4.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3. Average yields in bushels per acre of Mida and three other
varieties of wheat grown in the Uniform Regional Nursery in
four states during the 3 years 1941-43.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
North Minne- South Percentage
Dakota sota Dakota Montana Average of
Variety (11)@ (10) (3) (9) (33) Thatcher
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Mida 32.9 32.1 25.9 30.4 31.4 113.8
Thatcher 29.9 23.2 23.6 31.1 27.6 100.0
Regent 28.6 24.2 24.3 26.5 26.3 95.3
Marquis 19.9 16.7 15.3 28.4 20.8 75.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* For further information see Waldron, L. R., et al., Mida wheat,
N. Dak. Agr. Expt. Sta. Circ. 68, 1944.
@ Figures in parenthesis indicate station years.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4. Average yields in bushels per acre of Mida and four other
varieties of wheat grown in plot experiments at five North
Dakota experiment stations during the 4 years 1940-43.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
1940 1941 1942 1943 Average of
Variety (5)* (5) (5) (5) (20) Thatcher
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Mida 14.0 26.7 38.5 28.6 26.9 112.6
Pilot 12.7 26.4 37.7 28.4 26.3 110.0
Rival 12.5 26.8 36.4 26.7 25.6 107.1
Thatcher 13.9 22.5 31.9 27.3 23.9 100.0
Renown 11.9 23.3 31.3 26.1 23.2 97.1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Figures in parenthesis indicate station years.
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 37:314-318.
Cultivar Name: MILAM
Name Abbreviation: ML
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13369
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-437
Year of Release: 1959
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Texas
Originator(s): Texas AES; Rockerfeller Foundation; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Bowie / Lee
Reference(s): 17, 38, 81, 82, 628, 630, 631, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MILAM wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 7,150
1969: 107,010
1974: 108,200
1979: 22,156
1984: 296
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Milam Wheat (Reg. No. 437).
I. M. Atkins and O. G. Merkle
'MILAM', Triticum aestivum L., CI 13369, is a hard red
intermediate winter-type wheat selected from the cross Bowie X Lee.
The cross was made by the late E. S. McFadden. Early generation lines
were sent to Norman Borlaug of the Rockefeller Foundation wheat
program in Mexico City about 1951. A number of stem rust resistant
strains were sent back to College Station in 1953 and further
reselection from one of these resulted in the strain tested and
released under the name Milam in 1959.
The seedling growth of Milam is more upright and leaves are
broader than those of most of the winter wheats and is less hardy.
The recommended area for seeding is south of the Waco-Temple area in
Texas where Milam is used largely for winter pasture for livestock.
However, its good grain yields have stimulated considerable expansion
of acreage for grain.
Milam has moderately short, strong straw and stands well for
combining. Spikes are awned and the chaff is white. The grain is
hard, rather short and similar to grain of spring wheat varieties.
Although Milam is not a high-quality hard wheat, it makes an
acceptable loaf of bread when protein content is adequate. Milam is
resistant to at least 10 of the prevalent races of stem rust including
15B, 29, 56, 32, 38, and 48; and to more than 20 races of leaf rust.
Recently some more biotypes of stem rust race 32 were found on Milam
and several races of leaf rust now attack it. Milam is very
susceptible to loose smut.
Milam has replaced most of the mixed "feed" wheats sown on small
pasture fields in South Texas and serves a very useful purpose in
reducing stem rust spread from these small fields. The good forage
characteristics also have caused it to replace some oats and barley
for winter pasture purposes.
Data on yields of grain and forage are given in Table 1.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. Yields and agronomic data for Milam and other wheat
varieties grown in south and central Texas, 1956-59.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
South Rust
Texas Test Date ---------- Plant Forage
Grain Station wt., first Leaf Stem ht. value,
Variety yield years lb. head % % in. %
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Milam 25 10 59.7 3-28 8 Tr 34.8 109
Supremo 20 10 58.0 3-26 10 15 38.5 127
Lee(spring type) 20 10 56.8 3-27 10 30 34.5 124
Coker 47-27 19 10 56.7 3-29 19 14 39.1 136
Seabreeze 18 10 56.3 3-2 33 14 34.8 133
Atlas 66 18 10 53.6 4-3 13 18 35.5 128
Bowie 18 10 56.7 3-31 5 53 35.5 116
Quanah 16 10 55.5 4-8 9 12 36.9 92
Austin 13 10 52.0 4-5 32 14 35.3 100
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Average of 3 station-years each at College Station, Prairie View,
and Beeville, and 1 year at Lockhart.
Published in Crop Sci. 4:669-670.
Cultivar Name: MINDORO
Other ID Numbers: IS-8322
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8400048
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 03/31/87
Year of Release: 1984
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; Sogetal, Inc.,
Pedigree: Jupateco 73 / Bluejay
Cultivar Name: MINNESOTA NO. 169
Name Abbreviation: MN169
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1898
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES
Pedigree: Haynes Bluestem pure line selection.
Cultivar Name: MINNPRO
Other ID Numbers: MN81110
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI532149
PVP Reg. Number: 9000060
PVP Status: Application Pending
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-751
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: ((((Thatcher / Supreza, M2824)*2 /3/ (II-50-72,
Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch), II-55-10,
CItr15523) /7/ Pembina /2/ (II-52-329, Frontana /
5*Thatcher) /6/ (Mida /2/ Kenya 117A / 2*Thatcher
/3/ Frontana / 4*Thatcher, II-53-388) /4/ (III-58-
4, MT Semidwarf #839, (Norin 10 / Brevor, S 14)
/2/ ?*Centana) /5/ (II-53-546, CItr13405, Lee /2/
(II-44-29, Kenya 58 / Newthatch)), Era 'S') /8/
Tobari 66 /9/ Fletcher / Ciano 67 /10/ Tezanos
Pintos Precoz /2/ IRN45 / Ciano 67, MN72299) /11/
(MN74115, Era /3/ (MN669146, IRN46 / Ciano 67 /2/
Era / Tobari 66) /4/ Kitt / Chris mutant /3/
(MN69146, IRN46 / Ciano 67 /2/ Era / Tobari 66))
Reference(s): 94
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Minnpro Wheat (Reg. No. 751).
R. Busch, D. McVey, J. Wiersma, D. Warnes, R. Wilcoxson, and V. Youngs
'MINNPRO', (Reg. no. 752, PI 532149) is a hard red spring wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) developed cooperatively by the USDA-ARS and the
Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and released in February
1989. Minnpro originated from a cross of two experimental lines,
MN72299/MN74115, made in 1978. The parentage of MN72299 includes
'Fletcher,' 'Tobari 66,' 'Ciano 67', and MN74115 includes 'Era',
'Kitt', Tobari 66, and others. MN72299 has very high protein content
but is too strong mixing, while MN74115 has desirable mixing and
better agronomic performance. Minnpro originated as an F5-derived
line in 1980. About 250 F12 head rows were grown at Weslaco, TX in
1986 to 1987 winter increase and phenotypically similar rows were
bulked to provide breeder seed.
Minnpro was tested as MN81110 in Minnesota state-wide trials from
1982 to 1988 and in the Uniform Regional Hard Red Spring Wheat Nursery
from 1986 to 19888. Minnpro's attributes include high protein content
and good bread-making characteristics. The protein content of Minnpro
has exceeded Marshall by 1.8 and Len by 0.5 percentage points. It has
yielded comparably to Era but has been about 7% lower yielding than
Marshall in Minnesota trials. In the Uniform Regional Nursery,
Minnpro yielded about 98% of Era over 52 environments with about 2
percentage points higher protein. Test weight is relatively low,
similar to 'Wheaton'. Lodging resistance to Minnpro is better than
Era but less than Marshall. Minnpro is moderately resistant to
shattering. It is similar for days-to-head but is 4-cm taller than
Marshall.
The spike is fusiform to oblong, and middense. The glumes are
glabrous and white, shoulders are midwide and apiculate, and beaks are
tapering and midlong. The kernel shape is ovate, midsize, with
rounded cheeks, and the crease midwide and deep. The brush is midsize
to small and midlong. The Federal Grain Inspection Service judged
Minnpro's kernel type as typical hard red spring wheat.
Minnpro is resistant to prevalent races of stem rust (caused by
Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici) possessing both seedling and
adult resistance genes. It is resistant to prevalent races of leaf
rust (caused by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici).
Minnpro is moderately susceptible to loose smut [caused by Ustiligo
tritici (Pers.) Rostr.].
Minnpro has satisfactory milling and baking performance , mixing
characteristics, and breadmaking quality as determined by tests
conducted from 1982 to 1988 by the USDA-ARS Spring Wheat Quality
Laboratory, Fargo, ND. When growing conditions have caused low test
weight, Minnpro has occasionally been faulted for low flour yield.
Foundation seed of Minnpro was distributed to registered seed
producers in 1989. Breeder seed will be maintained by the Minnesota
Crop Improvement Association, 1900 Hendon Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108.
Published in Crop Sci. 30:748-749.
Cultivar Name: MIRADA
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 7605013
PVP Status: Abandoned/Withdrawn
Reference(s): 82
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MIRADA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 408
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: MISSOURI VALLEY
Name Abbreviation: MV
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr10046
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-293
Year of Release: 1930
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): W.E. Hansen, Sanish, North Dakota
Pedigree: Unknown.
Reference(s): 142
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: MONTANA KING
Name Abbreviation: MK
Other ID Numbers: CAN1696
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr8878
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-291
Year of Release: 1928
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): J. W. Broatch, Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Marquis / Ladoga farmer selection.
Reference(s): 142, 161, 162, 255, 511, 512, 585, 744
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MONTANA KING wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 38,712
1934: 8,239
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: MORAN
Name Abbreviation: MORAN
Other ID Numbers: A613S, III-52-8
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13743
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-506
Year of Release: 1967
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Idaho
Originator(s): Idaho AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Kenya 58 / Thatcher /2/ Thatcher / Kenya Farmer
Reference(s): 82, 549, 630, 631, 707, 771, 789
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for MORAN wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 10,076
1974: 15,732
1979: 10,645
1984: 2,279
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Moran Wheat (Reg. No. 506).
D. W. Sunderman and Martin Wise
'MORAN' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.),
CI 13743, was developed cooperatively by the Idaho Agricultural
Experiment Station and the Plant Science Research Division,
Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Moran
was derived from the cross, No. 58/'Thatcher'/2/Thatcher/'Kenya
Farmer,' made at the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station. F2
plants were selected by the senior author from progeny grown in
Minnesota in 1960. Subsequent selections were made from progeny grown
at the Aberdeen Branch of the Idaho Agricultural Experiment Station.
Moran was released in 1967 to replace the Thatcher grown under
irrigation and on dryland in eastern Idaho.
The 4-year average yields of Moran grown on dryland and under
irrigation were 3 and 6% higher than those of Thatcher grown in the
same trials. Test weight of Moran averages 1 pound per bushel lower
than that of Thatcher. It is equal to Thatcher in milling quality and
superior to Thatcher in dough mixing and baking qualities. Under all
Idaho conditions, Moran had had a more desirable mixing time, greater
mixing tolerance, and has made a better loaf of bread than any other
variety tested.
Moran averages 1 inch shorter, has slightly stiffer straw, and is
1 to 3 days later in maturity than Thatcher. It is resistant to the
prevalent races of stripe and stem rust found in Idaho. Spikes of
Moran are oblong, awnleted, middense, and white-glumed. Kernels are
hard, red, ovate, and midlong with midsized germs. The crease is
middeep and midwide to wide. Kernel cheeks are angular to
occasionally rounded and the brush is midsized to large and midlong.
Breeder seed is maintained by the University of Idaho at the
Tetonia Branch Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 12:258.
Cultivar Name: NADADORES 63
Name Abbreviation: NAD
Other ID Numbers: II-8501-A-10M-6R-1M-2Y
Other Name(s): II-8501
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13931
Year of Release: 1963
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Penjamo 62 / 2*Yaqui 54
Reference(s): 82, 194, 549, 630, 631, 707, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NADADORES 63 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 962
1974: 12,235
1979: 64,308
1984: 71,467
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: NAINARI 60
Name Abbreviation: NAI60
Other ID Numbers: CItr14040
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13747
Year of Release: 1960
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Supremo / Mentana /2/ Gabo 55 /4/ Queretaro /2/
Kenya / Mentana /3/ Gabo 55
Reference(s): 546, 628, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NAINARI 60 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 5,895
1969: 7,868
1974: 2,486
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: NAPAYA
Other ID Numbers: RL4238
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17344
Year of Release: 1972
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada, Research Branch, Winnipeg,
Manitoba
Pedigree: Manitou*2 /4/ (RL4124.1, Thatcher*5 / Lee /3/
Thatcher*7 / Frontana /2/ Thatcher*6 / Kenya
Farmer)
Reference(s): 189
Cultivar Name: NEEPAWA
Name Abbreviation: NEP
Other ID Numbers: RL4200
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15073
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-526
Year of Release: 1969
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Rust Area Project, Cereal Crops Division, Canada
Dept. of Agriculture, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: Thatcher*7 / Frontana /2/ Thatcher*6 / Kenya
Farmer /3/ Thatcher*2 /2/ Frontana / Thatcher
Reference(s): 109, 110, 268, 620, 630, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NEEPAWA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 8,402
1979: 0
1984: 6,114
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Neepawa Wheat (Reg. No. 526).
A. B. Campbell
'NEEPAWA' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), CI 15073, RL
4200, is a hard red spring wheat cultivar developed by the Rust Area
Project Group centered in Winnipeg. It is higher yielding, more
resistant to lodging and larger seeded than 'Manitou,' the predominant
cultivar in western Canada. Neepawa has essentially the same milling
and baking qualities, rust resistance, and height as Manitou, and is
slightly earlier in maturity. It has a long-day photoperiod.
Neepawa was developed by the pedigree method from the cross
'Thatcher'*7/'Frontana'/2/Thatcher*6/'Kenya Farmer'/3/Thatcher*2/2/
Frontana / Thatcher. It was licensed in Canada in March 1969, and
about 70 tons of seed were distributed to selected seed growers in
Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Alberta.
The spike is white, apically awnletted, lax, and erect. It is
very similar in appearance to Manitou and Thatcher. Kernels are small
to mid-size, and ovate. Neepawa is resistant to stem rust, many races
of leaf rust (adult stage), common root rot, head discoloration, loose
smut, and bunt.
Breeder seed will be maintained by E. D. Mallough at the C.D.A.
Research Station, Regina.
Published in Crop Sci. 13:496.
Cultivar Name: NEPHI
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Reference(s): 82
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NEPHI wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 76
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: NEWANA
Name Abbreviation: NAA
Other ID Numbers: MT7156
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17430
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-583
Year of Release: 1976
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Sheridan /3/ (Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel. 14,
CItr13253) /2/ 3*Centana
Reference(s): 72, 73, 82, 189, 194, 268, 471, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NEWANA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 169,092
1984: 478,805
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Newana Wheat (Reg. No. 583).
F. H. McNeal and M. A. Berg
'NEWANA' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), CI 17430.
Montana selection MT 7156, is a hard red spring wheat cultivar
developed cooperatively by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station
and the ARS, USDA. The new cultivar was selected from the cross
'Sheridan'/2/CI 13253/5*'Centana'. CI 13253, from 'Norin
10'/'Brevor', was crossed with Centana at Bozeman in 1955, and
backcrosses were then made using Centana as the recurrent parent. In
1964, one of the semidwarf lines was crossed to Sheridan to
incorporate stem rust resistance. Selections from this series of
crosses were grown in a single row yield nursery at Bozeman in 1970;
number MT 7156 was assigned to the selection now called Newana.
Newana was grown in Montana's Preliminary Yield Nursery in 1971 and
has been in the Advanced Yield Nursery since 1972; it was in the
Uniform Regional Hard Red Spring Wheat Nursery and the Western
Regional Spring Wheat Nursery in 1974 and 1975. 'Norana', CI 15927,
is a sister selection released in Montana in the spring of 1973.
Newana is a single gene semidwarf with white straw and chaff and
is midseason-to-late in maturity. The spike is awned, fusiform,
middense, and similar in appearance to the spike of Norana. Kernels
are red, short, hard, and ovate; the kernel surface is rougher than
that of Norana; the brush is midsized; glumes are glabrous. Newana is
resistant to loose smut (Ustilago tritici (Pers.) Roostr.), stripe
rust (Puccinia striiformis, West), and stem rust (Puccinia graminis f.
sp. rubigo-vera (DC.) Wint. f. sp. tritici (Eriks.) Carl.). The
cultivar has a tolerance to Septoria diseases, allowing it to yield
well even while exhibiting visual symptoms.
Newana has been more productive than 'Fortuna' and about equal in
yield to 'Era'. It has consistently yielded about 70 kg/ha more than
Norana. The cultivar, like most other semidwarfs, produces best under
high moisture and fertility conditions. The test weight of Newana has
been superior to that of both Norana and Era, and nearly equal to that
of Fortuna. Yield and test weight advantages of Newana over Norana are
justification for commercial production.
The flour yield of Newana, like that of Norana, is slightly less
than that of most other spring wheat cultivars recommended for
production in Montana. However, the baking characteristics of Newana
are superior to those of Fortuna and equal to those of Centana and
other good quality cultivars currently recommended.
Approximately 9,550 kg (350 bu) of breeder seed was released to
Montana certified seed growers in the spring of 1976. Breeder and
foundation seed will be maintained by the Plant and Soil Science
Department, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59715.
Published in Crop Sci. 17: 674.
Cultivar Name: NEWTHATCH
Name Abbreviation: N
Other ID Numbers: Minn. 2652
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12318
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-335
Year of Release: 1944
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Hope / 3*Thatcher
Reference(s): 44, 48, 149, 155, 164, 655, 750, 754
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NEWTHATCH wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 2,217
1949: 282,076
1954: 35,847
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF NEWTHATCH WHEAT (Reg. No. 335)
J. A. Clark
NEWTHATCH (Minn. 2652, C. I. 12318) was developed in cooperative
experiments of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station and the
Division of Cereal Crops and Diseases, Bureau of Plant Industry,
Soils, and Agricultural Engineering, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture. It
was produced by backcrossing in which Thatcher was used as the
recurring parent and Hope as the nonrecurring parent. The original
cross made at the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station in 1930
and two backcrosses to Thatcher were carried out under the direction
of Dr. E. R. Ausemus. Subsequent selection was made for leaf- and
stem-rust resistance. Newthatch is made up of eight Hope X Thatcher
backcross strains, all of which trace back to a single F2 plant from
the second backcross.
Newthatch is a spring wheat with glabrous, white glumes, awnless
and hard red kernels. It is very similar to Thatcher in plant and
kernel type but superior to Thatcher in yield and leaf- and stem-rust
resistance. It is very resistant to lodging and has excellent milling
and baking qualities.
Newthatch has been equal to or superior to Thatcher in all other
important characteristics in trials at the four Minnesota stations,
University Farm, Waseca, Morris, and Crookston, during the 4-year
period, 1939-42. Data on certain of the more important characters in
comparison with Thatcher are given in Table 3, and the annual and
average yields of Newthatch, Thatcher, Pilot, Rival, and Regent, the
leading commercial varieties, at each of the stations, in Table 4.
Approximately 1,500 bushels of seed were produced at the Minnesota
experiment stations in 1943. It is planned to release the variety to
farmers in the spring of 1944.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3. Agronomic, disease, and quality data on Newthatch and
Thatcher grown in nursery and field plot experiments at the
four stations, University Farm, Waseca, Morris, and
Crookston, Minn., 1939-43.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
Experiment of
and Variety 1939 1940 1941 1941 1943 Ave. Thatcher
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yield Per Acre, Bu.
Nursery:
Newthatch 21.8 33.6 24.0 30.0 -.- 27.4 122
Thatcher 18.9 30.6 14.7 25.2 -.- 22.4 100
Stem Rust Infection (St. Paul Rust Nursery), %
Newthatch Tr Tr Tr Tr Tr Tr T
Thatcher 5 10 Tr Tr Tr 3 -
Leaf Rust Infection (St. Paul Rust Nursery), %
Newthatch 14 8 Tr Tr Tr 4 -
Thatcher 80 80 60 80 60 72 -
Weight Per Bushel, Lbs.
Newthatch 55.8 57.8 55.1 59.0 -.- 56.9 100
Thatcher 57.5 57.6 54.5 57.9 -.- 56.9 100
Yield Per Acre, Bu.
Plots:
Newthatch -.- -.- 30.8 39.2 28.0 32.7 131
Thatcher -.- -.- 18.9 30.0 26.2 25.0 100
Weight Per Bushel, Lbs.
Newthatch -.- -.- 54.8 58.7 55.3 56.3 102
Thatcher -.- -.- 51.8 57.8 56.4 55.3 100
Protein, %
Nursery and Plots:
Newthatch 17.1 16.9 15.4 14.1 -.- 15.9 110
Thatcher 14.9 15.8 13.7 13.5 -.- 14.5 100
Loaf Volume, cc
Newthatch 497 857 795 817 -.- 815 100
Thatcher 851 851 785 757 -.- 811 100
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Tr Trace.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4. Annual and average yields of Newthatch in comparison with
the four leading spring wheat varieties at four Minnesota
experiment stations for the years 1941-43.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
of
Variety 1941 1942 1043 Ave. Thatcher
----------------------------------------------------------------------
St. Paul
Newthatch 33.2 43.5 28.4 35.0 146.4
Pilot 32.8 39.4 28.8 33.7 141.0
Rival 30.9 33.3 29.5 31.2 130.5
Regent 26.4 34.5 23.7 28.2 118.0
Thatcher 19.1 26.2 26.4 23.9 100.0
Waseca
Newthatch 26.4 30.1 19.0 25.2 130.6
Pilot 29.6 31.6 23.9 28.4 147.2
Rival 28.5 26.3 19.6 24.8 128.5
Regent 24.7 28.6 17.8 23.7 122.8
Thatcher 16.2 23.3 18.3 19.3 100.0
Morris
Newthatch 30.0 42.4 26.9 33.1 118.6
Pilot 30.4 47.2 26.8 34.8 124.7
Rival 28.5 48.8 26.3 34.5 123.7
Regent 24.7 44.1 23.8 30.9 110.8
Thatcher 18.4 39.3 26.1 27.9 100.0
Crookston
Newthatch 33.3 40.7 37.6 37.2 128.3
Pilot 28.8 42.6 33.4 34.9 120.3
Rival 26.6 38.4 37.5 34.2 117.9
Regent 30.67 38.5 35.2 34.8 120.0
Thatcher 21.8 31.2 34.1 29.0 100.0
Average for Four Minnesota Stations
Newthatch 30.7 39.2 28.0 32.6 130.4
Pilot 30.4 40.2 28.2 32.9 131.6
Rival 28.6 36.7 28.2 31.2 124.8
Regent 26.6 35.9 25.1 29.2 116.8
Thatcher 18.9 30.0 26.2 25.0 100.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron.
Cultivar Name: NOGAL
Other ID Numbers: 67II-62-7-E-7, CItr17891
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI562646
Year of Release: 1992
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Alaska
Originator(s): Alaska Plant Materials Center, Palmer, AK
Pedigree: Norrona / Gasser
Cultivar Name: NOMAD
Other ID Numbers: GP5594
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8900058
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Great Plains Seed and Research, Inc., Bozeman, MT;
Wheat Specialties International, Rockville, MD
Pedigree: Probrand 751 / Tibet dwarf
Cultivar Name: NORAK
Other ID Numbers: 77S8002
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8500105
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 03/11/88
Year of Release: 1984
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Arizona
Originator(s): Northrup King Company, Yuma, AZ; Rohm and Haas
Seeds, Inc., Philadelphia, PA
Pedigree: Era /2/ Tobari / Ciano /3/ Protor
Cultivar Name: NORANA
Name Abbreviation: NRA
Other ID Numbers: MT7042
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15927
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-535
Year of Release: 1973
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Sheridan /3/ (Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel. 14,
CItr13253) /2/ 5*Centana
Reference(s): 82, 189, 194, 268, 373, 469, 630, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NORANA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 10,243
1979: 90,983
1984: 13,630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Norana Wheat (Reg. No. 535).
F. H. McNeal and M. A. Berg
'NORANA' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), Montana
selection MT 7042, CI 15927, is a hard red spring wheat cultivar
developed cooperatively by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station
and the Agricultural Research Service, USDA. Norana is the product of
a single plant selection from the cross 'Sheridan'/2/CI
13253/5*'Centana.' CI 13253, from O. A. Vogel's Norin 10/Brevor, was
crossed with Centana at Bozeman in 1955. Backcrosses to Centana were
made routinely, and in 1964 one of the semidwarf lines was crossed to
Sheridan to incorporate stem rust resistance. One of the lines from
this cross was assigned Montana number MT 7042 in the spring of 1970,
after the selection had performed well in a single row yield nursery.
It has been tested 17 station years at Montana Research Centers, and
has also been included in numerous off-station yield trials since
1970.
Norana is a single gene semidwarf with white straw and chaff and
is midseason to late in maturity. The spike is awned, fusiform,
middense, and similar in appearance to the spike of 'Shortana.' Awns
are white and the glumes are glabrous. Kernels are red, short, hard,
and ovate; the brush is midsized. Norana is susceptible to leaf rust,
moderately resistant to stripe rust, and resistant to stem rust and
loose smut. Although not resistant to Septoria tritici or S. nodorum,
it has a tolerance that allows it to yield well even while exhibiting
visual symptoms.
The flour yield of Norana is less than that of 'Fortuna,' but it
equals that of Centana and most other spring wheat cultivars
recommended for production in Montana. The baking characteristics of
Norana are superior to those of Fortuna and equal to those of other
recommended cultivars. Its water absorption is about 2% higher than
that of Fortuna and Centana.
Norana is more productive than Fortuna and other standard height
cultivars under high moisture and high fertility conditions.
Producers in the irrigated areas of Montana should benefit most from
the yield potential of this cultivar, but those in the dryland areas
receiving 30 cm or more of annual precipitation should also realize
additional grain yields. The test weight of Norana does not equal
that of Fortuna, but it is an improvement over that of Shortana, the
only other semidwarf hard red spring wheat recommended in Montana.
Approximately 1,775 kg (65 bu) of breeders seed of Norana was
released to Montana certified seed growers in the spring of 1973.
Breeder and Foundation seed will be maintained by the Plant and
Soil Science Department, Montana Agricultural Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 14:128.
Cultivar Name: NORDAK
Name Abbreviation: NDK
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): A. H. Berg, Barney, North Dakota
Reference(s): 82, 268, 620, 630, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NORDAK wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 58,790
1979: 7,869
1984: 340
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: NORDIC
Other ID Numbers: H582-175
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI506405
PVP Reg. Number: 8700042
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 08/31/88
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Kansas
Originator(s): Nickerson American Plant Breeders, Inc., Mission,
Kansas
Pedigree: (Webster / Era, Web 13-3) /3/ (MN7125, Fletcher
/2/ (NE65313, CItr13990, Atlas 66 / Comanche))
Cultivar Name: NORDMAN
Name Abbreviation: NM
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14127
Year of Release: 1964
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): Krop King Seed Co., Grand Forks, North Dakota
Pedigree: Single plant selection from RL2814: Thatcher /3/
McMurachy / Exchange /2/ 3*Redman
Reference(s): 628, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NORDMAN wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 27,578
1969: 6,538
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: NORKA
Name Abbreviation: NK
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr4377
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-176
Year of Release: 1908
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): USDA-BPI
Pedigree: Kubanka pure line selection.
Reference(s): 133, 168, 169
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: NORM
Other ID Numbers: MN85324, GP-784
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI562700
Year of Release: 1992
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: MN73167 / MN81070
Cultivar Name: NORSEMAN
Name Abbreviation: NRS
Other ID Numbers: HS78-1139
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI494102
PVP Reg. Number: 8500027
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 02/19/88
Year of Release: 1984
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): Nickerson American Plant Breeders, Inc., Mission,
Kansas
Pedigree: Composite selection of unrecorded germplasm.
Cultivar Name: NOWESTA
Name Abbreviation: NWA
Other ID Numbers: 363 Bd V
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17390
Year of Release: 1973
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): Ralph Elliott, Drayton, North Dakota
Pedigree: Waldron farmer selection.
Reference(s): 82, 189, 268, 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for NOWESTA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 61,287
1979: 20,126
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: NURI 70
Name Abbreviation: NR
Other ID Numbers: II-23584-15Y-6M-0Y
Other Name(s): Bluebird, Bluebird 1, II-23584
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: (Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher
/3/ Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64, II-19957)
/6/ Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor /7/ (II-8156,
(Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 /
Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55)
Reference(s): 373, 708, 820
Cultivar Name: OBREGON 73
Name Abbreviation: OB
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1973
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Newthatch / Aguilera 4 /2/ Thatcher / Mentana
Reference(s): 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for OBREGON 73 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 2,112
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: OLAF
Name Abbreviation: OLAF
Other ID Numbers: ND497
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15930
Year of Release: 1973
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Waldron /3/ Justin /2/ Conley / Norin 10 deriv.
Reference(s): 72, 82, 189, 194, 261, 268, 373, 620, 630, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for OLAF wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 296,432
1979: 2,951,960
1984: 830,118
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: OSLO
Name Abbreviation: OSLO
Other ID Numbers: HS74-183, NHS-183-74
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17901
PVP Reg. Number: 8000162
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 11/19/81
Year of Release: 1980
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Colorado
Originator(s): North American Plant Breeders, Inc., Mission,
Kansas
Pedigree: Sonora 64 / Yaqui 50 Enano /2/ Guajalote /3/ Inia
66 /4/ Ciano 67 / Elgan /2/ Sonora 64
Reference(s): 72, 270, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for OSLO wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 494,329
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PACIFIC TRIPLE DWARF
Name Abbreviation: PTD
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14590
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): Pacific Oilseeds, Inc., Woodland, California
Cultivar Name: PANTHER
Other ID Numbers: 8107036
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Wheat Specialties, Inc., Bozeman, Montana
Pedigree: Veery 5 /2/ (GP5400, Plainsman V) / SR5210
Cultivar Name: PARK
Name Abbreviation: PARK
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14158
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-474
Year of Release: 1963
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Lacombe, Alberta
Pedigree: (Mida / Cadet, CT609) /2/ Thatcher
Reference(s): 363
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Park Wheat (Reg. No. 474).
M. L. Kaufmann and A. D. McFadden
'PARK' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) is a hard red
spring wheat developed by the early Wheat Project Group centered at
the Canada Department of Agriculture Research Station, Lacombe,
Alberta. It was selected from the cross, 'Mida-Cadet' (C.T. 609) X
'Thatcher,' made in 1950. Selection, with emphasis on early maturity,
was carried out from plant progeny rows through the F5. Park is 2 to
4 days earlier than Thatcher, is nearly equal to Thatcher in yield and
similar in other respects. It was licensed in Canada in March 1963
and similar in other respects. It was licensed in Canada in March
1963 and distributed to seed growers the same year.
The spike of Park is fusiform, mid-dense, apically awnletted;
glumes are mid-long, mid-wide, glabrous, white; shoulders are wide to
mid-wide, oblique to rounded; beaks are mid-wide, acute. The kernels
are mid-size, ovate to oval, mid-long, hard, medium red; the germ is
mid-size, oval to round; crease is mid-wide to wide, mid-deep,
occasionally pitted; cheeks are angular to rounded; brush is mid-size,
short.
Park is adapted to the regions of west central and northern
Alberta where earliness is a prime consideration, and where the rusts
are not a problem. In these regions it has replaced Saunders and
Thatcher to a large extent. It is resistant to loose smut, and some
races of stem rust, susceptible to bunt and leaf rust.
Breeder seed is maintained by the Lacombe Research Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 8:641.
Cultivar Name: PASQUA
Other ID Numbers: BW114, RL4563
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1990
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: BW63*2 / Columbus
Cultivar Name: PAVON 76
Name Abbreviation: PVN
Other ID Numbers: CM8399-D-4M-4Y-1M-1Y-1M-0Y
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI519847
Year of Release: 1976
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): INIFAP, CIMMYT
Pedigree: Vicam 71 /7/ (II-19957, Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 /
Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/ Frontana / Thatcher /5/
Sonora 64) /6/ Siete Cerros 66 /8/ Kalyansona /6/
(II-23584, Ciano 67 /2/ Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor
/5/ (II-8156, (Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch
/3/ Norin 10 / Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55))
Reference(s): 708, 820
Cultivar Name: PEAK
Name Abbreviation: PEAK
Other ID Numbers: ID0018
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14587
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-507
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT, Idaho AES, Oregon AES, USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Tezanos Pintos Precoz / Sonora 64
Reference(s): 194, 373, 630, 646, 772, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PEAK wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 15,304
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Peak Wheat (Reg. No. 507).
D. W. Sunderman and Martin Wise
'PEAK' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.),
CI 14587, resulted from seed of F4 lines of Tezanos Pintos
Precoz/Sonora 64 sent by the Rockefeller Foundation in Mexico to the
University of Idaho in 1963. Seed was divided so rust tests could be
made at Aberdeen and Moscow, Idaho in 1964. The stripe and stem rust-
resistant F4 line resulting in Peak was harvested at Aberdeen in 1964.
It was placed in yield trials in 1965 at which time plants were
selected for uniformity of height. The reselected bulk was released
in 1971 by the Agricultural Experiment Stations of Idaho and Oregon
and the Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, for use on the irrigated
lands of Idaho and Oregon.
Peak is a semidwarf, stiff strawed variety, of medium maturity.
The average height of Peak grown under irrigation is 76 cm; however,
it may vary from 53 to 101 cm, depending upon cultural practices and
location. It is resistant to the prevalent races of leaf, stripe, and
stem rusts found in Idaho. Average test weight of Peak is equal to
that of 'Thatcher;' however, individual plants of Peak vary in seed
plumpness. Under irrigation, Peak has outyielded presently grown
varieties, but on dryland it yields no better than 'Moran.' The
milling and baking quality of Peak grown under irrigation is
satisfactory, but slightly inferior to that of Moran. Bread dough
from Peak grown on dryland has a tendency to be bucky.
Spikes of Peak are inclined, awned, fusiform to oblong and
middense. Glumes are glabrous, white, long, and midwide; shoulders
are midwide and oblique; beaks are midwide, acuminate, 2 to 7 mm long.
Awns are white, 1 to 8 cm long. Kernels are hard, red, ovate and
midlong with a narrow middeep crease. Kernels cheeks are rounded and
the midsized brush is short to midlong.
Breeder seed is maintained by the University of Idaho at the
Tetonia Branch Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 12:259.
Cultivar Name: PEAK 72
Name Abbreviation: PEAK72
Other ID Numbers: ID0035
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15319
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-522
Year of Release: 1972
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Idaho
Originator(s): Idaho AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Peak (CItr14587) pure line selection.
Reference(s): 82, 194, 268, 373, 630, 647, 777, 790
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PEAK 72 wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 13,650
1979: 2,012
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Peak 72 Wheat (Reg. No. 522).
D. W. Sunderman, Martin Wise, and Marie Sneed
'PEAK 72', CI 15319, is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum
aestivum L.) developed cooperatively by the Idaho Agricultural
Experiment Station and the Western Region, Agricultural Research
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. Peak 72 was released jointly
by the Agricultural Research Service and the Idaho Agricultural
Experiment Station in 1972.
Peak 72 is a single plant selection from 'Peak,' CI 14587, made
at Aberdeen, Ida. in 1967. It has been evaluated in Idaho yield
trials since 1968. Peak 72 was entered in the 1971 Western Regional
Spring Wheat Nursery.
Peak 72 is a semidwarf, stiff-strawed variety of medium maturity.
It is slightly taller than Peak, with an average height of 91 cm when
grown under irrigation. Peak 72 is resistant to the prevalent races
of leaf and stripe rust found in Idaho. The major advantages of Peak
72 compared with Peak are higher test weight and yield. For the 3-
year, two-station averages of the two varieties grown under
irrigation, Peak 72 had an average yield of 6020 kg/ha (89.5 bu/acre)
compared with 5462 kg/ha (81.2 bu/acre) for Peak. Peak 72 had a 2.1
kg/ha (1.6 lbs/bu) higher average test weight than Peak. Quality
characteristics are similar to those of Peak.
Spikes of Peak 72 are inclined to nodding, awned, fusiform to
oblong and middense. Glumes are glabrous, white, long, midwide;
shoulders midwide, oblique to elevated; beaks midwide, acuminate, 2 to
10 cm long. Kernels are hard, red, ovate, and midlong; crease narrow,
middeep; cheeks rounded; brush midsized, midlong.
Breeder seed is maintained by the University of Idaho at the
Tetonia Branch Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 13:288.
Cultivar Name: PEMBINA
Name Abbreviation: PBA
Other ID Numbers: CT229, RL2814, CAN3944
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13332
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-422
Year of Release: 1959
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Rust Area Project,
Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: McMurachy / Exchange /2/ 2*Redman /3/ Thatcher
Reference(s): 46, 81, 107, 256, 628, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PEMBINA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 867,308
1969: 55,748
1974: 1,194
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Pembina Wheat (Reg. No. 422).
A. B. Campbell
PEMBINA, R.L. 2814, CI 13332, was developed by the Rust Area
Project Group, centered at the Canada Department of Agriculture
Research Station, Winnipeg, from the cross Thatcher X McMurachy-
Exchange X Redman2) made in 1948. It was licensed and distributed in
Canada in 1959. The outstanding feature of this variety is its
excellent baking quality. Its yield is equal to Selkirk in the Red
River Valley, although slightly less farther west (see Table 1). It
is slightly more rust resistant than Selkirk, but somewhat less
resistant to lodging, being about equal to Thatcher in this respect.
It is generally one day earlier maturing than Selkirk. It tends to be
graded higher than Selkirk in Canada.
Pembina is a hard red spring wheat. Its spike is fusiform, mid-
long, mid-dense, with apical awnlets Glumes are short, narrow to mid-
wide, smooth and white, with short, narrow, acute beaks, and shoulders
that are narrow and sloping at the base of the spike, mid-wide and
square at the centre, narrow and elevated towards the tip. The
kernels are ovate, variable in size, hard and red, with a mid-wide,
mid-deep crease, rounded to angular cheeks, small to mid-sized, mid-
long to long and often collared brush, and with a mid-sized, rounded
to oval germ.
Pembina is best adapted to the Red River Valley and is unlikely
to be grown outside of the rust area. Pure seed is maintained in
Canada from 83 Breeder Lines of separate identity.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. Mean Yield of Pembina and Selkirk in Black Soil Zone of
Manitoba and Saskatchewan, 1954 to 1962.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Station Years Pembina Selkirk
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Winnipeg 9 33.2 32.4
Morden 8 42.7 41.8
Portage 9 37.3 37.4
Brandon 9 44.4 46.2
Indian Head 9 34.8 35.7
Melfort 9 37.6 38.2
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in Crop Sci. 3:457-458.
Cultivar Name: PENJAMO 62
Name Abbreviation: PJ
Other ID Numbers: II-7078-1R-6M-1R-1M
Other Name(s): II-7078
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13924
Year of Release: 1962
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 /
Brevor
Reference(s): 82, 194, 630, 631, 708
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PENJAMO 62 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 14,903
1974: 68,000
1979: 386
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PILOT
Name Abbreviation: PLT
Other ID Numbers: N. No. 1098B
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11428
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-322
Year of Release: 1939
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Hope / Ceres
Reference(s): 47, 64, 82, 144, 147, 155, 163, 164, 627, 628,
630, 631, 655, 707, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 832,
863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PILOT wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 1,993
1944: 1,217,009
1949: 570,675
1954: 184,092
1959: 23,964
1964: 6,333
1969: 7,106
1974: 4,683
1979: 5,462
1984: 1,590
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF PILOT WHEAT (Reg. No. 322)
J. A. Clark
PILOT (N. No. 1098, C. I. 11428) was developed in cooperative
experiments of the Division of Cereal Crops and Diseases, Bureau of
Plant Industry, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, and the North Dakota
Agricultural Experiment Station, as well as other cooperating state
stations in the regional hard spring wheat improvement program. Pilot
is the result of a Hope X Ceres cross made under the direction of the
writer by E. R. Ausemus in 1926 at the Northern Great Plains Field
Station, Mandan, N. Dak. The selection resulted from stem rust
inheritance studies made from the cross by Clark and Ausemus in F3,
1928, and the strain entered nursery experiments in all North Dakota
stations in 1931 and the Uniform Regional Nursery in 1932. it is the
only hybrid strain that has been continued in that nursery from its
start in 1932 to 1938, during which period 94 strains have been
tested.
Results have been obtained from the regional nursery on Pilot
wheat at from 9 to 17 stations for seven years, or a total of 96
station years. The strain N. No. 1098 entered plat experiments at the
four North Dakota stations in 1933 and was a uniform variety at all
cooperating stations in the spring wheat region by 1936. It has been
included in the plat experiments for from 3 to 6 years at 19 stations,
or a total of 76 station years. Its best performance has been at the
Langdon Substation, Langdon, N.Dak., where, at the request of the
writer, reselections were made in F8, 1933, by G. S. Smith to provide
foundation stock seed. From more than 100 selections grown in 1934,
80 were composited for increase and this stock was known as N. Mo.
1098-A.
In the bad rust year of 1935, many of the individual selections
were still under test at Langdon and nine of the most resistant and
highest yielding strains were composited as N. No. 1098-B. This seed
is being increased separately at Langdon and about 80 bushels are now
available. Certain of these nine strains have been continued in
experiments at Langdon and Fargo and strains -13, -18, -28, and -59
appear more promising than the N. No. 1098-B. The seed of N. No.
1098-B was substituted for the regular N.No. 1098 for the Uniform
Regional Nursery in 1936 and in plat experiments at most stations in
1938. One of the single line strains, -28, was substituted for the N.
No. 1098-B in the Regional Nursery in 1938. Either it or a better one
of the single line strains continued will be increased for the future
distributed of Pilot seed. In the meantime, a bulk of the original N.
No. 1098 and the N. No. 1098-A has been increased by E. J. Taintor,
Superintendent of the Walsh County Agricultural and Training School,
Park River, N. Dak., and from 78 acres grown in 1938 approximately
2,000 bushels are available for seeding in 1939.
Pilot is an awned spring wheat with white glabrous glumes and
midsized (Ceres-like) hard, red kernels. Its superior characters are
resistance to both stem and leaf rust and to bunt. It is a high
yielding wheat, especially in northeastern North Dakota, and has
exceptionally good milling and bread making properties, ranking first
among the new hybrid strains tested by the U.S. Dept. of Agriculture.
Messers. J. A. Clark and Glenn S. Smith applied for its registration.
Yields and other data upon which registration was based are shown in
Tables 3 and 4.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 3. Yield per acre, stem rust, and quality data on Pilot and
standard varieties grown in nursery and plat experiments at
the Langdon Substation, Langdon, N. Dak., 1931-38.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Experiment 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 Av.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yield per acre, bu.
Nursery:
Pilot (new) 25.2 27.7 17.9 19.2 14.3 9.9 28.4 22.9 20.7
Ceres 16.8 27.0 19.1 19.6 0.7 12.5 12.9 3.2 14.0
Marquis 12.0 25.7 18.9 18.8 0.0 10.5 7.7 0.0 11.7
Stem rust, %
Pilot (new) 2 T 0 T 25 0 5 1 4
Ceres 25 15 3 7 65 0 65 85 33
Marquis 60 30 12 15 100 0 80 100 50
Yield per acre, bu.
Plats:
Pilot (new) -- -- 16.0 24.1 18.7 6.5 31.6 33.7 21.8
Hope -- -- 15.0 21.3 15.5 5.8 30.1 30.0 19.6
Thatcher -- -- 15.8 25.0 17.3 5.7 26.2 22.4 18.7
Ceres -- -- 20.4 23.8 3.3 5.7 18.9 8.6 13.5
Marquis -- -- 19.8 24.6 0.4 6.2 16.7 4.8 12.1
Reward -- -- 14.0 15.9 2.4 0.7 19.4 10.4 10.5
Stem rust, %
Pilot (new) -- -- 0 1 15 0 10 5 5
Hope -- -- 0 0 T 0 0 0 0
Thatcher -- -- 0 1 10 0 10 5 4
Ceres -- -- 1 5 80 0 65 85 39
Marquis -- -- 3 15 95 0 80 100 49
Reward -- -- 2 7 100 0 85 95 48
Test weight, lbs.
Pilot (new) -- -- 60.0 58.5 48.5 58.0 60.6 58.2 57.3
Thatcher -- -- 59.5 59.0 51.0 55.5 59.1 57.5 56.9
Hope -- -- 58.0 58.0 48.5 56.5 58.0 55.5 55.8
Ceres -- -- 61.0 60.5 41.5 59.0 54.9 43.0 53.3
Marquis -- -- 60.0 60.0 40.5 58.5 53.0 42.5 52.4
Reward -- -- 63.0 61.5 42.0 56.0 60.0 53.5 56.0
Crude Protein Content, %
Pilot (new) -- -- 14.8 15.6 16.0 18.3 15.2 14.5 15.7
Thatcher -- -- 14.9 15.7 15.7 18.6 14.6 14.0 15.6
Hope -- -- 14.3 14.7 16.0 -- -- -- --
Ceres -- -- 13.9 15.5 15.8 18.0 13.0 -- --
Marquis -- -- 13.7 14.1 -- 18.0 -- -- --
Reward -- -- 16.0 16.3 -- -- -- -- --
Loaf volume, basic bake, cc
Pilot (new) -- -- 653 693 571 699 650 643 652
Thatcher -- -- 630 670 577 672 625 629 634
Hope -- -- 577 531 543 -- -- -- --
Ceres -- -- 577 568 697 835 592 -- --
Marquis -- -- 583 513 -- 723 -- -- --
Reward -- -- 633 656 -- -- -- -- --
Loaf volume, commercial bake, cc
Pilot (new) -- -- -- -- 688 766 715 758 732
Thatcher -- -- -- -- 673 764 670 737 711
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4. Average yield from plat experiments of Pilot, Thatcher,
Ceres, Reward, and Marquis wheats at 19 experiment stations
in 7 states during 3- to 6-year periods.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
State and No.
station years Pilot Thatcher Ceres Reward Marquis
----------------------------------------------------------------------
North Dakota
Langdon 6 21.8 18.7 13.5 10.5 12.1
Fargo 6 24.4 24.4 20.3 19.3 15.4
Mandan 6 9.8 10.9 6.9 7.1 4.9
Dickinson 6 7.9 6.6 6.7 4.7 5.1
Average 24 16.0 15.2 11.9 10.4 9.4
Minnesota
St Paul 4 18.2 21.5 14.4 20.7 10.4
Waseca 4 32.1 30.5 21.1 23.8 13.8
Morris 4 25.0 28.5 15.2 19.9 11.0
Crookston 4 21.8 21.0 13.3 16.1 8.2
Average 16 24.3 25.4 16.0 20.1 10.9
South Dakota
Brookings 5 19.0 21.4 12.6 14.6 19.6
Highmore 3 6.6 7.1 7.2 5.3 4.1
Newell 3 11.2 13.6 11.0 6.8 11.1
Average 11 13.5 15.4 10.7 9.9 8.5
Montana
Bozeman 3 57.2 62.4 58.3 45.3 57.9
Moccasin 4 12.5 14.0 13.7 12.0 12.5
Havre 3 8.9 9.6 10.4 9.0 7.8
Average 10 24.8 27.2 26.1 21.1 24.7
Nebraska
Lincoln 3 10.2 11.0 10.5 10.1 5.7
North Platte 3 7.1 8.0 9.1 6.5 5.8
Alliance 3 9.2 9.8 9.9 9.9 6.8
Average 9 8.8 9.6 9.8 8.8 6.1
Wyoming
Sheridan 3 19.8 21.8 21.7 19.6 16.9
Colorado
Akron 3 9.8 10.3 9.9 12.9 82
Region
Weighted
Average 76 17.6 18.3 14.5 14.1 11.4
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 30:1037-1042.
Cultivar Name: PINNACLE
Other Name(s): Lance
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 9000033
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Idaho
Originator(s): Pahl Farms, American Falls, Idaho; Wheat
Specialties, Inc., Bozeman, Montana
Pedigree: Kodiak Dwarf / Veery 9 /2/ Newana
Cultivar Name: PIONEER
Name Abbreviation: PO
Other ID Numbers: CAN1467
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr4324
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-154
Year of Release: 1915
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central
Experiment Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: Riga / Preston
Reference(s): 133, 168, 169, 255, 256, 511, 512, 743
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PIONEER 2369
Name Abbreviation: PNR2369
Other ID Numbers: X7724
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8200086
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 09/23/82
Year of Release: 1982
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Pioneer HiBred International, Inc., Johnston, IA
Pedigree: Era /3/ Tezanos Pintos Precoz / Sonora 64 /2/
Chris
Reference(s): 73, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PIONEER 2369 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 163,558
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PIONEER 2370
Name Abbreviation: PNR2370
Other Name(s): North Dakota 2370
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8900037
PVP Status: Application Pending
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Pioneer HiBred International, Inc., Johnston, IA
Pedigree: SGY043 /4/ (W6718, Tezanos Pintos Precoz / Sonora
64 /2/ Crim /3/ Red River 68)
Cultivar Name: PIONEER 2375
Name Abbreviation: PNR2375
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8800012
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 02/28/89
Year of Release: 1989
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Pioneer HiBred International, Inc., Johnston, IA
Pedigree: Olaf /2/ Era / Suqamuxi 68 /12/ Chris /10/ (ND487,
Norin 10 deriv. / Conley /8/ Conley /7/ (ND122,
Maria Escobar / Newthatch /6/ Kenya 338AA /5/ Lee
/4/ (N1831, Mida /3/ (N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-
15) /2/ Thatcher))) /9/ Justin /4/ (ND142, Lee /3/
(II-143-2C-2C-1C, PI186035, Kenya / 2*Marroqui /2/
Peru))) /11/ Lark
Cultivar Name: PIONEER 2385
Name Abbreviation: PNR2385
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8700029
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 07/29/88
Year of Release: 1987
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Pioneer HiBred International, Inc., Johnston, IA
Pedigree: Tala /4/ (W7735, Lark /3/ Crim /2/ Tezanos Pintos
Precoz / Sonora 64)
Cultivar Name: PIONEER PR2360
Other ID Numbers: X6753
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8100004
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 01/14/82
Year of Release: 1981
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Pioneer HiBred International, Inc., Johnston, IA
Pedigree: Tezanos Pintos Precoz / Sonora 64 /2/ Crim /3/ Era
Reference(s): 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PIONEER PR2360 wheat from 1919
to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 31,583
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PITIC 62
Name Abbreviation: PI
Other ID Numbers: II-7064-1Y-1H-1R-2M
Other Name(s): II-7064
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13927
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-502
Year of Release: 1962
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): INIA; CIMMYT
Pedigree: Yaktana 54 /2/ (Norin 10 / Brevor, Sel. 26-1c)
Reference(s): 194, 328, 549, 628, 630, 631, 708
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PITIC 62 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 4,391
1969: 111,098
1974: 133,712
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Pitic 62 Wheat (Reg. No. 502).
INIA AND CIMMYT Wheat Program
'PITIC 62' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.) CI 13927 was
developed by the Mexican Ministry of Agriculture and The Rockefeller
Foundation from the cross 'Yaktana 54' X 'Norin 10'-'Brevor 26-Ic.'
The cross and selection number was II-7064-1Y-1H-1R-2M. It was
released in 1962.
Pitic 62 is a spring wheat which has partial light sensitivity.
It is a medium late, one-gene semidwarf cultivar averaging 105-110 cms
in height with moderately strong straw. The spike is white, fully
awned and nodding. The grain is soft, red in color and medium sized.
It generally has low bushel weight. When released in Mexico, Pitic 62
was resistant to leaf, stem and stripe rusts, but is now susceptible
to the prevalent races of all three rusts. It has very poor bread-
making quality, but is a widely adapted cultivar with very good yield
potential, as demonstrated by its yield performance in the first five
International Spring Wheat Yield Nurseries (ISWYN).
Experimental quantities of sed may be obtained from CIMMYT,
Londres 40, Mexico 6, D.F. To obtain commercial quantities contact
Productora Nacional de Semillas, Progreso 3, Coyoacin, D.F.
Published in Crop Sci 12:130-131.
Cultivar Name: PLAINSMAN
Name Abbreviation: PMN
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14128
Year of Release: 1964
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): Krop King Seed Co., Grand Forks, North Dakota
Pedigree: Single plant selection from RL2814: Thatcher /3/
McMurachy / Exchange /2/ 3*Redman
Reference(s): 188, 628, 631, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PLAINSMAN wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 2,692
1969: 1,185
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 75,058
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: POLK
Name Abbreviation: POLK
Other ID Numbers: MN II-55-11
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13773
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-491
Year of Release: 1968
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Minnesota AES; North Dakota AES; South Dakota AES;
Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Thatcher / Supreza /3/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/
Frontana
Reference(s): 70, 82, 299, 550, 620, 630, 631, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for POLK wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 245,039
1974: 309,818
1979: 25,148
1984: 2,031
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Polk Wheat (Reg. No. 491).
R. E. Heiner and D. V. McVey
'POLK,' (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell.), CI 13773 is a hard red
spring wheat selected from a cross of 'Thatcher'/ 'Supreza'/3/ 'Kenya
58'/ 'Newthatch'/2/ 'Frontana' made in 1955 at the Minnesota
Agricultural Experiment Station. It was entered in the Uniform
Regional Nursery in 1963 as Minn. II-55-11.
Polk is resistant to the prevalent races of stem and leaf rust.
It is also resistant to black chaff, bunt and ergot. This variety
appears to be susceptible to Septoria. The bushel weight is very
good, averaging 2 to 3% better than 'Chris.' Regional and Minnesota
yield trials show Polk to be equal to Chris and better than 'Selkirk,'
'Marquis,' Thatcher, and 'Justin' in grain yield. Milling and baking
characteristics of Polk are excellent, placing it above Chris in
quality.
Characteristics of Polk include; spring habit, midseason,
midtall, moderately stiff straw, awned, bronze chaff, and large seed.
Polk was released jointly by Minnesota, North Dakota, South
Dakota and Montana Experiment Stations, and the Agricultural Research
Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, in the spring of 1968.
Breeder seed will be maintained by the Minnesota Agricultural
Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 11:604.
Cultivar Name: PONDERA
Name Abbreviation: PNDA
Other ID Numbers: MT0749
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17828
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-632
Year of Release: 1980
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Red River 68 /4/ Sheridan /3/ (Norin 10 / Brevor,
CItr13253) /2/ 5*Centana
Reference(s): 72, 73, 76, 194, 370, 467, 707, 780
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PONDERA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 62,105
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Pondera Wheat (Reg. No. 632).
F. H. McNeal and D. L. Klindworth
'PONDERA' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), CI 17828,
Montana selection MT 749, is a hard red spring wheat cultivar
developed cooperatively by the Montana Agric. Exp. Stn. and AR-SEA-
USDA. Pondera is a semidwarf cultivar selected from the cross 'Red
River 68'/3/'Sheridan'/2/CI 13253/5*'Centana.' CI 13253, from 'Norin
19'/'Brevor,' was crossed with Centana at Bozeman, Mont., in 1955.
Backcrosses then were made using Centana as the recurrent parent. One
of the semidwarf lines was crossed to Sheridan in 1964 to obtain stem
rust resistance, and Red River 68 was incorporated into the breeding
effort by additional crossing in 1968. Selections from this series of
crosses were first tested for yield in 1973, and the selection now
called Pondera was given Montana selection number MT 749 that winter.
MT 749 was grown in the Montana Yield Nursery at four locations in
1974, and it has been included in Montana's Advanced Yield Nursery
since that time. It also was included in the Uniform Regional Hard
Red Spring Wheat Nursery 1976 to 1978 inclusive.
Pondera is a single-gene semidwarf with white straw and dark,
cream-colored chaff. It is midseason in maturity. The spike is awned,
fusiform, and middense. Kernels are red, midlong, hard, and
elliptical to ovate, providing a heavy test weight. Pondera is
resistant to stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp.
tritici Eriks. & E. Henn.) and stripe rust (caused by Puccinia
striiformis West.) but only moderately resistant to leaf rust (caused
by Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici Eriks.) under
Montana conditions. The cultivar has a tolerance to Septoria
diseases, allowing it to yield well even while exhibiting visual
symptoms.
Desirable characteristics of Pondera are its lodging resistance,
heavy test weight, and grain yield equal to that of 'Newtana.' The
cultivar, like more other semidwarfs, produces best under high-
moisture/high-fertility conditions. The grain protein content of
Pondera has been lower than that of 'Olaf,' but Montana's Cereal
Quality Laboratory rates it superior to Olaf and equal to Newana in
both milling and baking quality.
About 8,200 kg (300 bu) of breeder seed will be released to
Montana certified seed growers in the spring of 1980. Breeder and
foundation seed will be maintained by the Plant and Soil Science Dep.,
Montana State Univ., Bozeman, MT 59717.
Published in Crop Sci. 20:829.
Cultivar Name: PORTOLA
Name Abbreviation: PTA
Other ID Numbers: D7159, II-25917-13Y-13M-1Y-0M-(1-44D)
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17415
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-701
Year of Release: 1975
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): California AES; CIMMYT
Pedigree: Ciano 67 / Siete Cerros 66 /2/ Ciano 67 / Penjamo
62
Reference(s): 189, 194, 595, 597
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Portola Wheat (Reg. No. 701).
C.O. Qualset, H.E. Vogt, and N.E. Borlaug
'PORTOLA', CI17415, (Triticum aestivum L.) (Reg. no. 701) was
developed jointly by International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center
(CIMMYT) and the California Agricultural Experiment Station, and was
released in California in 1975. Portola was selected from the cross
('Ciano'-'Siete Cerros 66' X Ciano-'Penjamo 62') which produced a
group of lines known as Jilguero at CIMMYT. The cross and selection
number of the line named Portola is II-25917-13Y-13M-1Y-OM-(1-44D).
Portola was reselected from an F6 line and 44 progenies were
composited to produce breeders seed. This line was tested in
California as D7159. Performance data were published in 1975.
Portola was considered to be a replacement for 'Anza' at the time of
its release because of its generally higher grain protein content, and
better milling and baking performance. However, its grain yield was
lower in some trials and Portola tended to lodge more than Anza in
highly productive environments. Its shatter resistance was less than
Anza, but better than 'Inia 66R' or 'Yecora Rojo'. Portola is an
early maturing cultivar with spring growth habit, being 6 to 8 days
earlier than Anza in time of heading.
The grain of Portola is red, hard, and gives a high test weight.
The spikes are white, fully awned, moderately dense, and tend to nod
at maturity. The peduncle is S-shaped. Glume awns are intermediate
in length (3 to 5 mm), compared to Anza and Inia 66R (1 to 3 mm),
which have short glume awns, and Yecora Rojo and 'Cajeme 71' (8 to 10
mm), which have long glume awns. Portola is a short-statured
cultivar, about 90 to 100 cm in most environments in California; it is
equal to Anza, but about 5- to 10-cm taller than Yecora Rojo and 10-cm
shorter than Inia 66R.
Seed stocks are maintained by the Foundation Seed and Plant
Materials Service, University of California, Davis.
Published in Crop Sci. 25: 1130.
Cultivar Name: POTAM 70
Name Abbreviation: PTM
Other ID Numbers: II-22402-6M-4Y-1M-1Y-0M
Other Name(s): II-22402
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15388
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: (Lerma Rojo 64 / Sonora 64, II-19008) / Napo 63
Reference(s): 373, 820
Cultivar Name: POWELL
Name Abbreviation: PWL
Other ID Numbers: UT.S15,16-517
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17761
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-649
Year of Release: 1979
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Utah
Originator(s): Utah AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Roque 66 / Delmar /2/ Jaral 66 / Delmar
Reference(s): 1, 2, 194, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for POWELL wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 5,689
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Powell Wheat (Reg. No. 649).
R. S. Albrechtsen
'POWELL,' CI 17761, is a hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum
L. em. Thell) developed by the Utah Agric. Exp. Stn. and released in
1979. The AR-SEA-USDA participated in testing and evaluation of the
cultivar. Local commercial four mills assisted in evaluating quality
characteristics. The wheat was named after John Wesley Powell, an
early explorer of the Intermountain Region.
Powell originated as a single head selected in 1971 from an F5
bulk composite of two crosses, UT.S15 ('Roque 66'/'Delmar'/ and UT.S16
('Jaral 66'/Delmar) made at Logan, Utah, in 1967. The original F6
headrow was designated as UT.S15, 16-517. It has been evaluated in
Utah irrigated tests since 1973 and was in the Western Regional Spring
Wheat Nursery for three years (1976-78). Powell was purified and
Breeder seed produced from 200 headrows grown at Yuma, Arizona, during
the winter of 1976-77. Foundation seed was produced at Logan in 1977.
Average yield of Powell exceeded that of 'Fremont,' 'Borah,' and
'Moran' by 4.6, 7.6, and 22.5%, respectively, in 17 irrigated tests in
Utah over the period 1975-78. Two-year average yields were equal for
Powell and Borah in 33 Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery trials
grown in 1976-77. Powell appears to be best adapted for production
under irrigated conditions.
Powell is a medium maturing cultivar with short (semidwarf),
white straw. It is comparable to fremont in height and lodging
resistance but heads about three days later. The spike is awned,
dorsoventrally compressed, fusiform, middense, erect, and shatter
resistant. Glumes are white, glabrous, midlong and midwide, with
oblique to elevated shoulders. Beaks are midwide, acuminate, and 1 to
3 mm long. Awns are white and 2 to 8 cm long. Kernels are red,
midlong, hard and ovate; they have a midsized germ and a midwide
middeep crease with somewhat angular cheeks; brush is midsized and
midlong.
Powell ranges from moderately susceptible to moderately resistant
to stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis West.), depending upon
the location and the existing race complex of the causal organism.
Milling and baking properties of Powell are good-to-excellent.
Mixing stbility, loaf volume, and loaf score are consistently higher
than those of Fremont; test weight and percent protein are usually
sightly lower. Overall baking ratings for Powell are consistently
high.
Breeder and Foundation seed will be maintained by the Utah
Agricultural Experiment Station, Logan, UT 84322.
Published in Crop Sci. 21:990.
Cultivar Name: PRELUDE
Name Abbreviation: PLD
Other ID Numbers: CItr7382, CAN1481
Other Name(s): Wisconsin Wonder
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr4323
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-187
Year of Release: >1903
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agricuture, Central
Experiment Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: Downy Gehun / Fraser
Reference(s): 133, 135, 159, 161, 162, 168, 169, 170, 255, 256,
374, 511, 512, 743
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PRELUDE wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 2,700
1924: 7,371
1929: 2,167
1934: 1,360
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PREMIER
Name Abbreviation: PM
Other ID Numbers: Ns.2772
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11940
Year of Release: 1938
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Pedigree: Mercury /2/ Ceres / Double Cross
Reference(s): 64, 155, 164, 655, 753
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PREMIER wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 27,543
1949: 165,614
1954: 8,095
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PRESTON
Name Abbreviation: PTN
Other ID Numbers: CItr3081, CItr3328, CAN1482
Other Name(s): Bearded Fife, Blue Ribbon, Climax, Golden Drop,
Johnson, Johnson's Early Fife, Red Fife, Velvet
Chaff
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr2958
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-152
Year of Release: 1893
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central
Experiment Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: Ladoga / Red Fife
Reference(s): 57, 133, 135, 147, 159, 161, 162, 163, 164, 168,
169, 170, 255, 256, 283, 374, 453, 511, 512, 743,
744
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PRESTON wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 2,233,200
1924: 392,176
1929: 287,861
1934: 127,059
1939: 18,690
1944: 2,700
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PROBRAND 711
Name Abbreviation: PBD711
Other ID Numbers: NK75S611
Other Name(s): NK711
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI486142
PVP Reg. Number: 8100013
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 12/10/81
Year of Release: 1984
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Northrup, King & Co., Minneappolis, Minnesota
Pedigree: Era / Justin /8/ Conley /7/ (ND122, Maria Escobar
/ Newthatch /6/ Kenya 338AA /5/ Lee /4/ (N1831,
Mida /3/ (N1530, (H-44 / Ceres, N1349-15) /2/
Thatcher)))
Reference(s): 82, 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PROBRAND 711 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 1,070
1984: 105,049
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PROBRAND 751
Name Abbreviation: PBD751
Other ID Numbers: NK77S1011, CM8327
Other Name(s): NK751
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI486144
Year of Release: 1980
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Northrup, King & Co., Minneappolis, Minnesota
Pedigree: Tobari 66 / Napo /2/ Noroeste 66 / Era /3/
Bluebird / Gallo
Reference(s): 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PROBRAND 751 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 20,458
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PROBRAND 771
Name Abbreviation: PBD771
Other ID Numbers: NK77S611
Other Name(s): NK771
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1980
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Northrup, King & Co., Minneappolis, Minnesota
Pedigree: Resic / Cajeme 71
Reference(s): 707
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PROBRAND 771 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 10,115
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PROBRAND 775
Name Abbreviation: PBD775
Other Name(s): NK775
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
PVP Reg. Number: 8600126
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 07/29/88
Year of Release: 1984
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): Northrup, King & Co., Woodland, California
Pedigree: Bluebird 4 Late / 2*Prospur
Cultivar Name: PROBRED
Name Abbreviation: PBR
Other ID Numbers: II-23584-26Y-2M-1Y-0M
Other Name(s): Blubird 'S', Bluebird, II-23584
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17410
PVP Reg. Number: 7500033
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 06/30/75
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; Northrup, King & Co., Minneappolis,
Minnesota
Pedigree: (Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher
/3/ Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64, II-19957)
/6/ Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor /7/ (II-8156,
(Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 /
Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55)
Reference(s): 82, 189, 194, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PROBRED wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 35,960
1984: 1,704
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PRODAX
Name Abbreviation: PDA
Other ID Numbers: II-30484-11I-3L-1I-I1
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17407
PVP Reg. Number: 7500005
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 06/30/75
Year of Release: 1972
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; Northrup, King & Co., Minneappolis,
Minnesota
Pedigree: Calidad / Robin
Reference(s): 82, 189, 194, 268, 373, 620, 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PRODAX wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 20
1979: 749,995
1984: 152,395
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PROFIT 75
Name Abbreviation: PFT75
Other ID Numbers: MP-19B
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17348
PVP Reg. Number: 7400087
PVP Status: Issued/Enforced Date: 04/18/75
Year of Release: 1974
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): World Seeds, Inc., Oceanside, California
Pedigree: Sonora 64 /2/ 6*Selkirk Enano / 3*Andes Enano /3/
Pembina
Reference(s): 82, 194, 268, 373, 620, 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PROFIT 75 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 3,168
1979: 79,580
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PROSPECT
Other ID Numbers: SD2956
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI491568
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-748
Year of Release: 1988
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): South Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Butte /7/ (((Sonora 64*3 / Warrior /2/ Selkirk /
2*Cheyenne /5/ Scout /4/ Quivira /3/ Tenmarq /2/
Marquis / Oro, CO695552) /6/ Centurk), CO534727)
/8/ World Seeds 1809
Reference(s): 126, 129, 483
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Prospect Wheat (Reg. No. 748).
F. A. Cholick, G. W. Buchenau, and K. M. Sellers
'PROSPECT', SD2956 (Reg. no. 748) (PI 491368), is a hard red
spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed and released in 1988 by
the South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State
University, Bookings, in cooperation with USDA-ARS. It is an F4-
derived selection from the threeway cross 'Butte'/CO534727/2/'WS1809'
made in 1979. CO54727 is a winter wheat line obtained from Colorado
State University, Fort Collins, CO. The parentage of CO534727 is
CO695552/'Centurk'. The F1 was grown in a single row nursery at
Bookings, SD, and the F2 in a winter nursery in Mexico. The F3 was
grown in replicated yield trials at Brookings and Redfield, SD, with
individual head selections advanced to a single-row nursery grown in
Mexico. One of the had rows was bulked at harvest and designated SD
2956. Prospect was tested in South Dakota yield trials from 1982
through 1987, and in the Uniform Regional Spring Wheat Nursery from
1984 through 1986. In 1985 and 1986 it was entered in the Crop
Quality Test.
Prospect has spring growth habit, is medium-early heading, and is
semidwarf in height with white, hollow stem at maturity. Spikes are
awned, fusiform, mid-dense, and erect. Awns are white and 7 to 20 mm
long. Glumes are white, short, and narrow with narrow, elevated
shoulders. The beaks are narrow, acuminated, and 5 to 11 mm long.
Kernels are red, hard, midsize, and ovate with rounded cheeks and with
a narrow and mid-deep crease.
In 58 field performance trials in South Dakota from 1982 through
1987 Prospect yielded 103, 103, 106, and 106% of 'Guard', 'Stoa',
'Shield', and 'Marshall', respectively. grain volume weight is
greater than Stoa and Marshall, but less than Shield and similar to
Guard. Prospect was resistant to leaf rust (incited by Puccinia
recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp tritici) present in the field during
the test period. Prospect probably has Lr1, Lr2a, Lr10, and Lr13
genes for leaf resistance. They were identified in seedling tests
conducted at South Dakota State University. Prospect was resistant to
prevalent races of stem rust (caused by Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp.
tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.) currently present in the field. However,
approximately 5.0% of the population is susceptible to stem rust race
TNMH. Seedling tests at the Cereal Rust Lab., St. Paul, MN, indicated
that the probable genes for stem rust resistance are Sr11 and Srwld.
Prospect has satisfactory milling and bread baking quality.
Grain protein content of Prospect is classified as medium low, being
greater than Marshall, less that Stoa, and similar to Guard. Flour
extraction percent is similar to Guard. Loaf volume, bake absorption,
and mixing time requirements are all similar to Marshall.
Application for plant variety protection has not been made for
Prospect. Breeder seed will be maintained by the Foundation Seed
Stocks Project, South Dakota State University, Bookings, SD 57007.
Published in Crop Sci. 30:233-234.
Cultivar Name: PROSPUR
Name Abbreviation: PSR
Other ID Numbers: NK71T2
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17408
Year of Release: 1975
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): Northrup, King & Co., Minneappolis, Minnesota
Pedigree: Napo 63 /2/ Tezanos Pintos Precoz / Sonora 64
Reference(s): 82, 189, 194, 373, 630, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PROSPUR wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 377
1979: 7,368
1984: 2,545
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: PROTOR
Name Abbreviation: PRT
Other ID Numbers: NK70Y14, II-24908
Other Name(s): II-24908
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17409
Year of Release: 1975
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Minnesota
Originator(s): CIMMYT; Northrup, King & Co., Minneappolis,
Minnesota
Pedigree: Tobari 66 /6/ (II-19957, Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 /
Newthatch /2/ Thatcher /3/ Frontana / Thatcher /5/
Sonora 64)
Reference(s): 82, 189, 194, 268, 620, 630, 708, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for PROTOR wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 15,453
1979: 276,490
1984: 94,460
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: RED BOBS
Name Abbreviation: RB
Other Name(s): Early Triumph
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6255
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-056
Year of Release: 1918
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Seager Wheeler, Rosthern, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Bobs farmer selection.
Reference(s): 64, 133, 135, 153, 154, 155, 159, 161, 162, 163,
164, 166, 168, 170, 453, 585, 655, 743, 757
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RED BOBS wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 14,586
1929: 16,608
1934: 8,206
1939: 9,793
1944: 5,248
1949: 4,851
1954: 391
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: RED FIFE
Name Abbreviation: RF
Other ID Numbers: CAN1515
Other Name(s): Canadian Fife, Fife, Saskatchewan Fife, Scotch
Fife
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr3329
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-063
Year of Release: 1842
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Germany
Originator(s): David Fife, Peterboro, Ontario
Pedigree: Landrace introduction.
Reference(s): 57, 120, 122, 133, 135, 153, 154, 159, 161, 162,
163, 164, 166, 168, 169, 170, 222, 255, 256, 374,
511, 512, 743
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RED FIFE wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 749,600
1924: 175,008
1929: 28,101
1934: 19,509
1939: 3,884
1944: 445
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: RED RIVER 68
Name Abbreviation: RRV
Other ID Numbers: II-19021
Other Name(s): II-19021
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr14193
Year of Release: 1968
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT; World Seeds, Inc., Oceanside, California
Pedigree: Tezanos Pintos Precoz / Sonora 64
Reference(s): 82, 194, 550, 630, 631, 820
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RED RIVER 68 wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 130,068
1974: 100,582
1979: 57,818
1984: 2,592
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: REDMAN
Name Abbreviation: RDN-C
Other ID Numbers: RL1834.1, RL1834.7, CAN3633
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12496
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-424
Year of Release: 1945
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Rust Area Project, Cereal Crops Division, Canada
Dept. of Agriculture, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: Regent / Canus, RL1834.1. Rl1834.7 (CItr12638,
CAN3749) is a pure line selection of RL1834.1
replacing breeder's seed in 1947.
Reference(s): 47, 64, 155, 255, 256, 512, 569, 570, 627, 628,
630, 655, 748, 750
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for REDMAN wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 136,057
1954: 144,561
1959: 6,411
1964: 622
1969: 0
1974: 139
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Redman Wheat (Reg. No. 424).
R. F. Peterson
REDMAN, R.L. 2834.7, CI 12638, was developed at Winnipeg by the
Dominion Laboratory of Cereal Breeding in co-operation with the
Dominion Laboratory of Plant Pathology (both now part of the Canada
Department of Agriculture Research Station). The cross was Regent X
Canus and was made in 1934. It was licensed in 1946 and distributed
in 1947. The original designation was R.L. 1834.1 (CI 12496). A
selection was made from the original and distributed in 1950 and was
designated R.L. 1834.7 (CI 12638). At the time, Redman offered
superior yield and leaf rust resistance for the rust area. Redman has
been previously described.
Redman is a hard red spring wheat that has a fusiform, mid-long
spike, with apical awnlets. The glumes are yellow at maturity and
smooth, with short, wide, acute beaks and mid-wide, sloping to rounded
shoulders. The kernels are red, ovate and medium sized, with a wide,
shallow crease and angular cheeks.
Pure seed is maintained in Canada from 96 Breeder Lines of
separate identity.
Published in Crop Sci. 3:458.
Cultivar Name: REGAL
Name Abbreviation: RG
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr7364
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-250
Year of Release: 1926
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Oregon
Originator(s): Oregon AES
Pedigree: Turkey Red pure line selection.
Reference(s): 133, 161, 167
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for REGAL wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 513
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF REGAL WHEAT (Reg. No. 250)
J. A. Clark
REGAL (C. I. No. 7364) was developed at the Sherman County Branch
Station, Moro, Oreg. It is the result of a selection made by H. M.
Woolman in 1921, at Corvallis, Oreg, from Turkey, C. I. 1571C. D. E.
Stephens, superintendent of the Moro station, who largely determined
the value of the selection, applied for its registration. The
superior characters of this variety are resistance to bunt or stinking
smut, yielding ability, and purple stems, which latter is an advantage
in maintaining purity for seed certification. It should follow Bacska
(Reg. No. 151) in the classification. The Regal variety was increased
for commercial distribution from the Moro station in 1926. The annual
and average yields of Regal in triplicate 1/20th acre plats during the
three years 1923 to 1925, inclusive, in comparison with those of
Kharkof, are as follows:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Varieties 1923 1924 1925 Average
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Regal (new) 40.7 17.4 28.0 28.7
Kharkof (standard) 35.3 20.3 27.4 27.7
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 18:922-935.
Cultivar Name: REGENT
Name Abbreviation: RGN
Other ID Numbers: RL975.1, CAN1902, CAN1938, CItr11869
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11720
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-327
Year of Release: 1939
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Winnipeg,
Manitoba
Pedigree: (Hard Red Calcutta / Red Fife, H.44-24) /2/ Reward
Reference(s): 145, 147, 154, 155, 164, 254, 255, 256, 512, 569,
655, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for REGENT wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 1,333,725
1949: 441,392
1954: 60,677
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF REGENT WHEAT (Reg. No. 327)
J. A. Clark
REGENT (C. A. N. 1902; R. L. 975.1; C. I. 11869) was developed
from a cross between H-44 and Reward made in 1926 at the Dominion Rust
Research Laboratory, Winnipeg, Canada. Like Renown and Coronation, it
is a product of the Dominion Experimental Farms System. The superior
characters reported for Regent are high yield, medium early maturity,
and resistance to stem rust, leaf rust, and bunt. It has awnleted
spikes, white glabrous glumes, and mid-long ______. Regent was tested
from 1934 to 1938, and distributed in the spring of 1939. The yields
reported upon which registration was based are given in Table 4.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 4. Comparative yields of Regent and standard hard red spring
wheats grown in nursery (six replications) experiments at
various stations in western Canada.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
of
Variety 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 Average Marquis
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of stations 1 1 12 14 15
Regent (new) 40.6 20.8 17.3 24.9 30.8 26.9 159.2
Ceres (standard) 31.0 3.3 18.8 21.5 22.5 19.4 114.8
Marquis (standard) 24.1 3.3 17.4 19.9 19.8 16.9 100.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
For further information on Renown, Coronation, and Regent wheats,
see Handbook of Canadian Spring Wheat Varieties, by L. H. Newman, J.
G. C. Fraser, and A. G. O. Whiteside. Canada Dept. Agr. Pub. 538, 54
pages. March, 1939.
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 32:72-75.
Cultivar Name: RELIANCE
Name Abbreviation: RL
Other ID Numbers: Sask. 1851, CAN1498
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr7370
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-243
Year of Release: 1926
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): California AES; Minnesota AES; Montana AES; North
Dakota AES; Oregon AES; USDA-BPI
Pedigree: Kanred / Marquis
Reference(s): 133, 135, 161, 162, 164, 167, 255, 256, 374, 512,
585, 744, 757, 835
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RELIANCE wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 311
1934: 1,722
1939: 0
1944: 1,659
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF RELIANCE WHEAT (Reg. No. 243)
J. A. Clark
RELIANCE (C. I. No 7370) was developed by the Office of Cereal
Crops and Diseases, Bureau of Plant Industry, United States Department
of Agriculture, in cooperation with the Oregon, California, Montana,
North Dakota, and Minnesota experiment stations. It is the result of
a hybrid between Kanred (female) and Marquis (male). The cross was
made in 1917 by F. J. Schneiderhan at the Sherman County Branch
Station, Moro, Oreg. The selection from which Reliance descended was
made in 1920 by J. A. Clark, at the United States Plant Introduction
Station, Chico, Calif. Reliance is a bearded, white glabrous glumed
variety and should follow Preston (Reg. No. 152) in the
classification. The superior characters of Reliance are resistance to
stem rust, plant vigor, strong stems, and high yield. Reliance has
been tested for five years in nursery and plat experiments at numerous
experiment stations in the northern spring wheat area of the United
States. The yields obtained from these experiments in comparison with
Marquis, one of its parents, and the principal commercial variety in
the area, are as follows:
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Station Nursery Plats
Year Reliance Marquis Reliance Marquis
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Moccasin, Mont.
1921 32.1 30.9
1922 23.8 22.5
1923 44.1 35.8
1924 47.8 36.9 31.1 32.0
Aver. 33.7 29.1 27.7 27.2
Dickinson, N.Dak
1922 21.7 18.9
1923 16.5 13.2
1924 16.2 18.2 23.9 23.3
1925 18.3 15.4 20.1 17.4
Aver. 18.2 16.4 22.0 20.4
Mandan, N.Dak.
1924 25.0 22.2 25.6 25.4
1925 26.0 26.5 16.0 15.2
Aver. 25.5 24.4 20.8 20.3
Fargo, N.Dak.
1923 37.0 34.6
1924 43.1 38.4
1925 22.2 24.3
Aver. 34.1 32.4
St Paul, Minn.
1922 48.1 36.0
1923 32.9 31.0
1924 29.9 26.9
1925 35.2 35.4
Aver. 36.3 32.3
Waseca, Minn.
1923 26.3 22.2
1924 18.6 23.5
1925 18.0 19.1
Aver. 21.0 21.6
Crookston, Minn.
1923 15.1 15.8
1924 23.1 22.1
1925 18.8 22.8
Aver. 19.0 20.2
Morris, Minn.
1924 38.1 34.1
1925 17.0 17.8
Aver. 27.6 26.0
Akron, Colo.
1922 6.5 6.3
1923 9.7 4.6
Aver. 8.1 5.5
North Platte, Nebr.
1924 32.5 31.4
1925 7.2 11.2 14.6 15.8
Aver. 19.9 21.3
Redfield, S.Dak.
1925 10.3 11.9
Sheridan, Wyo.
1925 42.2 38.1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
For further information see Circular by Clark, Martin and
Stakman.
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 18:922-935.
Cultivar Name: RENFREW
Name Abbreviation: RFW
Other ID Numbers: CAN1514
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr8194
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-284
Year of Release: 1926
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta
Pedigree: Marquis / Red Fife
Reference(s): 142, 153, 161, 162, 255, 256, 511, 512, 585
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RENFREW wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 5,713
1934: 638
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: RENOWN
Name Abbreviation: RNW
Other ID Numbers: RL716A, RL716-6, CAN1856
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11709
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-325
Year of Release: 1937
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Winnipeg,
Manitoba
Pedigree: (Hard Red Calcutta / Red Fife, H-44) /2/ Reward,
RL716A. RL716-6 (CItr11947, CAN1915) is a pure
line selection of RL716A replacing breeder's seed
in 1939.
Reference(s): 64, 145, 147, 154, 155, 163, 164, 255, 256, 512,
569, 655, 751, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RENOWN wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 51,509
1944: 542,329
1949: 20,376
1954: 2,574
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF RENOWN WHEAT (Reg. No. 325)
J. A. Clark
RENOWN (C.A.N. 1856; R. L. 716; C. I. 11635) was developed from a
cross between H-44 and Reward made in 1926 at the Dominion Rust
Research Laboratory, Manitoba Agricultural College, Winnipeg,
Manitoba. Selection R. L. 716 was made in 1927 and this strain was
tested for yield and quality at an increasing number of stations in
canada from 1929 to 1937, when it was first distributed for commercial
growing. The variety was reselected in 1922 and a single line strain
(R. L. 716.6, C. I. 11947) was increased and distributed in 1939, in
which year it was made one of the "uniform varieties" grown in plat
experiments at all cooperating spring wheat stations in the United
States. Renown was developed by the Cereal Division, Dominion
Experimental Farms System, and this Division applied for its
registration.
The superior characters reported for Renown are high yield,
medium early maturity, and resistance to stem rust, leaf rust, and
bunt. It has awnleted spikes, white glabrous glumes, short dark red
kernels, and red coleoptiles.
Table 2 presents the yields reported upon which registration was
based. The application, however, was accompanied by large annual
mimeographed reports giving the individual station yields, milling and
baking data, etc.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Comparative yields of Renown and standard hard red spring
wheats grown in nursery (six replications) experiments at
various stations in western Canada.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
of
Variety 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 Ave. Marquis
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Number of stations 11 13 12 14 15
Renown (new) 28.8 29.3 17.2 23.2 28.6 25.4 121.0
Ceres (standard) 31.6 21.2 18.8 21.5 22.5 23.1 110.0
Marquis (standard) 28.5 19.4 17.4 19.9 19.8 21.0 100.0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 32:72-75.
Cultivar Name: RESCUE
Name Abbreviation: RSC
Other ID Numbers: Sw. Curr. 4188, CAN3567
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12435
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-384
Year of Release: 1946
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Swift
Current, Saskatchewan; Montana AES
Pedigree: Apex / S-615
Reference(s): 46, 47, 64, 81, 155, 255, 256, 304, 512, 569, 571,
627, 628, 630, 631, 655, 747, 750
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RESCUE wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 916,147
1954: 676,314
1959: 484,940
1964: 112,849
1969: 9,911
1974: 6,837
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF RESCUE WHEAT (Reg. No. 384)
E. G. Heyne
RESCUE, CI 12435, is a hard, red, spring wheat developed in
Canada to grow in the areas where the wheat stem sawfly, Cephus
cinctus Nort., is prevalent. It was distributed to Montana growers in
1945. Rescue was selected from a cross made in 1938 between Apex and
S-615. Both parents are hard, red, spring wheats although S-615
possesses a solid stem. Rescue is recommended in areas where the
sawfly is a serious pest. A. H. Post applied for registration.
The superior characteristic of Rescue is its resistance to
sawfly. Under most conditions, Rescue produces a solid stem which
acts as a deterrent to the feeding of the sawfly larvae. In areas not
infested with sawfly, Rescue gives lower yields and lodges more than
other recommended varieties. It was grown on 1,730,000 acres in
Saskatchewan and 916,147 in the United States in 1949. In 1954, the
acreage in the United States had declined to 676,300 acres, largely in
sawfly infested areas.
Rescue is moderately resistant to some races of stem rust (not
15B), moderately susceptible to bunt and loose smut and susceptible to
leaf rust. It is midseason in maturity, the kernels are red with
satisfactory test weight. The spike is beardless and the glumes are
white. It has satisfactory baking qualities with the exception of low
water absorption of the flour.
Published in Agron. J. 51:689-692.
Cultivar Name: REWARD
Name Abbreviation: RWD
Other ID Numbers: CAN1509
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr8182
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-261
Year of Release: 1928
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central
Experiment Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: Marquis / Prelude
Reference(s): 64, 135, 147, 155, 161, 162, 163, 164, 172, 255,
256, 374, 511, 512, 585, 627, 655, 744, 757, 835
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for REWARD wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 6,520
1934: 230,952
1939: 197,308
1944: 236,943
1949: 98,271
1954: 6,048
1959: 442
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF REWARD WHEAT (Reg. No. 261)
J. A. Clark
REWARD (Ottawa No. 135, C. I. 8182) was produced from a Marquis
(female) x Prelude (male) cross made in 1911, by Chas. E. Saunders.
It has been tested at the Dominion experimental farms and stations
throughout Canada for the past seven years. It was first distributed
for commercial growing in 1927 by L. H. Newman, Dominion Cerealist,
who applied for its registration.
The advantages of Reward are its early maturity, some degree of
rust resistance, very large plump kernels of high quality, and a good
show wheat. Reward is awnletted, with white pubescent glumes and hard
red kernels. Yield results during the five-year period from 1923 to
1927 in comparison with Marquis and Garnet are shown in Table 2.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Annual and average yields in bushel per acre of Garnet,
Marquis, and Reward wheats grown at 13 experiment stations
in Canada during three or more of the five years from 1923
to 1927, inclusive.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Variety 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 Average
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ottawa, Ont.
Garnet 44.8 55.0 33.4 41.1 46.6 44.2
Marquis 45.5 48.0 34.6 39.3 45.7 42.6
Reward 35.2 43.0 31.7 37.5 47.5 39.0
Brandon, Man.
Garnet 28.5 45.7 28.7 25.1 20.8 29.7
Marquis 28.1 43.7 36.7 24.8 32.3 33.1
Reward 31.3 44.5 32.8 22.7 25.4 31.3
Indian Head, Sask.
Garnet 29.0 13.0 48.8 57.5 30.0 35.7
Marquis 26.7 19.6 45.8 49.2 41.1 36.5
Reward 31.3 12.2 41.9 45.9 19.1 30.1
Swift Current,Sask.
Garnet -.- 26.7 26.5 21.0 39.1 28.3
Marquis -.- 31.2 23.3 23.9 39.3 29.4
Reward -.- 23.9 22.1 21.9 34.4 25.6
Scott, Sask.
Garnet -.- 6.9 38.4 31.0 44.0 30.1
Marquis -.- 9.8 33.7 24.3 49.0 29.2
Reward -.- 9.2 36.4 28.0 39.0 28.2
Rosthern, Sask.
Garnet 44.0 18.3 42.5 20.0 34.0 31.8
Marquis 37.0 17.7 55.0 18.5 31.5 31.9
Reward 24.5 12.7 36.0 20.9 33.7 25.5
Lacombe, Alta.
Garnet 61.3 5.7 43.1 48.8 37.7 41.3
Marquis 57.5 9.0 52.8 46.5 40.6 41.3
Reward 46.7 5.0 35.5 45.0 40.9 34.6
Lethbridge, Alta.
Garnet -.- 21.0 21.7 24.4 18.8 21.7
Marquis -.- 18.3 21.6 38.1 26.7 26.2
Reward -.- 14.8 22.8 23.9 19.8 20.3
Fort Vermillion,Alta.
Garnet -.- 23.0 44.0 40.7 40.0 36.9
Marquis -.- 33.0 48.0 47.3 49.0 44.3
Reward -.- 33.0 39.0 43.3 56.0 42.8
Beaverlodge, Alta.
Garnet 34.6 18.9 23.9 55.8 53.4 37.3
Marquis 36.1 19.0 24.9 58.7 50.9 37.9
Reward 31.6 14.5 28.9 62.5 46.8 36.9
Morden, Man.
Garnet -.- 40.0 33.6 32.9 40.0 36.6
Marquis -.- 56.6 35.2 36.9 33.6 40.6
Reward -.- 36.5 40.0 37.2 39.4 38.3
Ste. Anne da la
Garnet -.- -.- 33.3 39.1 43.6 38.7
Marquis -.- -.- 37.2 36.1 42.0 38.4
Reward -.- -.- 35.0 41.7 39.8 38.8
Pocatiere, P.Q.
Nappan, N.S.
Garnet -.- 37.8 44.2 39.6 16.0 34.4
Marquis -.- 35.1 25.2 24.8 13.1 24.6
Reward -.- 35.6 28.7 32.7 10.3 26.8
Average of 56 station years
Garnet 34.5
Marquis 35.8
Reward 32.1
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 20:1318-1322.
Cultivar Name: RICK
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1988
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Utah
Originator(s): Utah AES
Pedigree: Bannock /7/ (UT738-274-1, Columbia /6/ Delmar /5/
Hussar / Turkey Red /2/ Ridit /3/ Oro / Ridit /4/
Norin 10 / Brevor)
Cultivar Name: RIO GRANDE
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: <1853
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): Unknown
Pedigree: Unknown.
Reference(s): 120, 168
Cultivar Name: RIVAL
Name Abbreviation: RV
Other ID Numbers: Ns No. 2634
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr11708
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-329
Year of Release: 1939
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): North Dakota AES
Pedigree: Ceres /2/ Hope / Florence
Reference(s): 46, 47, 64, 82, 146, 147, 155, 163, 164, 627, 628,
630, 631, 655, 752, 753, 754, 755, 756, 832, 863
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RIVAL wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 1,011
1944: 4,050,900
1949: 2,930,903
1954: 480,423
1959: 6,474
1964: 1,914
1969: 616
1974: 300
1979: 240
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF RIVAL WHEAT (Reg. No. 329)
J. A. Clark
RIVAL (N. Dak. Ns. 26334, C. I. 11708) was developed from a cross
between Ceres and Hope-Florence made in 1929 at the North Dakota
Agricultural Experiment Station, Fargo, N. Dak. The selection was
made in 1933 and was entered in the Uniform Regional Nursery in 1935
and in plot experiments at the North Dakota stations in 1936.
Rival is a bearded spring wheat. The plant is midseason and
midtall and the kernels midlarge to large and hard. it has produced
higher average yields than Thatcher at the North Dakota stations and
is more resistant to leaf rust.
Nearly a thousand bushels of Rival was distributed to North
Dakota wheat growers in 5-bushel lots in the spring of 1939. Dr. L.
R. Waldron, the breeder, applied for registration. The yield data
upon which registration was based are presented in Table 2. For
further information on Rival wheat, se the Bimonthly Bulletin of the
North Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station (Vol. 1, No. 3, 1939).
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 2. Annual average yields of Rival and Thatcher wheats grown in
plot experiments at the Fargo, Langdon, and Mandan, and
Dickinson, N. Dak., stations, 1936-1940.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Percentage
of
Variety 1936* 1937 1938 1939 1940 Average Thatcher
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Rival (new) 8.4 21.9 23.8 19.4 15.9 17.9 105.9
Thatcher 7.9 19.8 19.3 20.5 16.8 16.9 -.-
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Mandan and Dickinson yields not included because of near failure
from drought.
Published in J. Amer. Soc. Agron. 33:255-256.
Cultivar Name: ROBLIN
Other ID Numbers: BW92
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Agriculture Canada Research Station, Winnipeg,
Manitoba
Pedigree: (Manitou / Tobari 66, BW15) /2/ (BW38, CT615 /
Neepawa) /4/ (CT615 / Neepawa, BW40) /3/ (RL4353,
CT934 / Neepawa /2/ Era / Park)
Cultivar Name: RUBY
Name Abbreviation: RUBY
Other ID Numbers: CAN1511
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6047
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-065
Year of Release: 1917
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central
Experiment Farms, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: Downy Riga / Red Fife D
Reference(s): 133, 161, 162, 163, 164, 166, 168, 169, 255, 256,
259, 260, 374, 511, 512, 585, 743, 757
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RUBY wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 329,958
1929: 186,476
1934: 77,240
1939: 4,602
1944: 3,819
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: RUSHMORE
Name Abbreviation: RMR
Other ID Numbers: SD2280
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12273
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-366
Year of Release: 1949
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): South Dakota AES
Pedigree: Rival / Thatcher
Reference(s): 46, 47, 64, 81, 155, 271, 303, 627, 628, 630, 631,
655, 749, 750
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RUSHMORE wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 16,031
1954: 2,014,586
1959: 442,235
1964: 138,232
1969: 24,883
1974: 7,539
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF RUSHMORE WHEAT (Reg. No. 366)
E. G. Heyne
RUSHMORE, CI 12273, is a hard red spring wheat developed by the
South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. It is a selection from
the cross, Rival X Thatcher, made by S. P. Swenson in 1937 and the
final selection (R X T 2280) made by J. E. Grafius. V. A. Dirks made
the application for registration. Descriptions of Rushmore have been
published. About 4800 bushels of seed were distributed to County Crop
Improvement Associations in South Dakota in 1949. Rushmore was grown
on an estimated 2 million acres in 1954, most of the acreage being in
South and North Dakota with small acreages in Minnesota and Montana.
The most important characteristics of Rushmore are earliness,
drouth resistance, and resistance to lodging and shattering. It is
resistant to many races of wheat stem rust, and has shown some
tolerance to the 15B race complex. Rushmore appears to have the Hope-
type of reaction (moderately resistant) to leaf rust, loose smut, and
bunt. Yield and test weight have been equal to those of Thatcher,
Rival, and Pilot.
Plants of Rushmore and Thatcher are similar in appearance. The
spike is awnleted, fusiform, and erect. The glumes are smooth, white,
and midlong. The beaks are midwide, acute, and short. The stem is
short to midtall and will develop purple color. The kernels are red,
and tend to be short and blocky. Rushmore equals or exceeds Thatcher
in milling and baking characteristics for flour yield, per center
protein, water absorption, loaf volume of optimum bake, crumb color,
and gain-texture of bread. It has a lower flour ash content, which
also is considered an improvement.
The acreage of Rushmore has remained fairly stable in Central
South Dakota since 1954 primarily because of its yield stability and
apparent adaptation to drouthy conditions.
Published in Agron. J. 50:686-690.
Cultivar Name: RUSSELL
Name Abbreviation: RSL
Other ID Numbers: H195-45
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12484
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-382
Year of Release: 1956
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Wisconsin
Originator(s): Wisconsin AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: W38 / Hope /2/ Thatcher
Reference(s): 46, 47, 80, 81, 82, 265, 304, 627, 628, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for RUSSELL wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 8,473
1964: 2,049
1969: 372
1974: 353
1979: 395
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF RUSSELL WHEAT (Reg. No. 382)
E. G. Heyne
RUSSELL, CI 12484, hard, red, spring wheat was developed
cooperatively between Wisconsin Agricultural Experiment Station and
the Crops Research Division, ARS, USDA. The parentage of Russell is
Thatcher X Illinois No. 1, W38-Hope. The cross was made in 1939 and
grown in bulk through the F5 generation. Plant selections were made
in the F5 generation and the progeny were grown in plant rows in 1944.
One of these plant lines, H195-45, was later named Russell in honor of
the late H. L. Russell, a former dean of the College of Agriculture at
the University of Wisconsin. Russell was released to Wisconsin seed
producers in 1956. R. G. Shands applied for registration.
Russell resists powdery mildew, loose smut, and hessian fly. It
is moderately resistant to stem rust race 15B and some other races of
stem rust under Wisconsin field conditions. It is moderately
susceptible to bunt and leaf rust. It is appreciably more resistant
to stem rust, powdery mildew, loose smut, and hessian fly than is
Henry, an adapted spring wheat for Wisconsin. However, it is more
susceptible to bunt and leaf rust. The hessian fly resistance , H3
factor was derived from Illinois No. 1, W38. Russell is slightly
later than Henry, about 2 inches taller and lodges slightly more. The
milling and baking qualities are only fair and the protein content
usually low. Russell is considered a feed wheat.
Yield performance for 8 years at 5 locations in Wisconsin is
given in table 5. During this period, Russell yielded 2.7 bushels
more per acre than Henry. It appears to be adapted to the entire
state of Wisconsin but probably will be of most value to the eastern
half of the state where yield is depressed occasionally by mildew and
hessian fly.
The spike is bearded and mid-dense; the glumes are white,
especially at maturity; the kernels are red and medium sized; the
culms are white and the peduncle curves just before maturity causing
the spikes to stand at an angle or slightly nodding.
Published in Agron. J. 51:689-692.
Cultivar Name: RYSTING
Name Abbreviation: RST
Other Name(s): Rysting's Fife
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr3022
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-061
Year of Release: 1892
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-North Dakota
Originator(s): Jens Rysting, Buxton, North Dakota
Pedigree: Red Fife farmer selection.
Reference(s): 57, 133, 166, 168, 169
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: SAN MARTIN
Other ID Numbers: ML13649, PI104137, PI116314, PI117500
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr8437
Year of Release: 1938
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Argentina
Originator(s): Klein
Pedigree: Americano 25E / Pelon 33C
Cultivar Name: SARIC 70
Name Abbreviation: SR
Other ID Numbers: II-23584-26Y-2M-2Y-0M
Other Name(s): Bluebird 3, II-23584
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1970
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Mexico
Originator(s): CIMMYT
Pedigree: (Pitic 62 /4/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /2/ Thatcher
/3/ Frontana / Thatcher /5/ Sonora 64, II-19957)
/6/ Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor /7/ (II-8156,
(Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin 10 /
Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55)
Reference(s): 373, 820
Cultivar Name: SAUNDERS
Name Abbreviation: SDR
Other ID Numbers: CT406, CAN3516
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr12567
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-344
Year of Release: 1948
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Dominion Canada Dept. of Agriculture, Central
Experiment Farm, Ottawa, Ontario
Pedigree: (Hope / Reward, C.26-44.7) /2/ Thatcher
Reference(s): 64, 151, 253, 254, 256, 569, 627, 628, 631, 655
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SAUNDERS wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 60,464
1959: 5,220
1964: 1,565
1969: 100
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF SAUNDERS WHEAT (Reg. No. 344)
J. A. Clark
SAUNDERS originated as a cross made by the cerealists of the
Central Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada, in 1938, between an early
ripening Brandon hybrid, C-26-44.7 (Hope X Reward) and Thatcher. This
variety appeared in the Cooperative Test of Wheat Varieties in 1943
and 1946 as CT 406 and in the Cooperative Test of Early Wheat
Varieties in 1942 to 1946 as 40-31.
Saunders is beardless, except for a few tip awns; chaff smooth
and white; straw strong and slightly shorter than Thatcher; kernels
dark red, ovate in shape, and closely resemble Marquis in type. It
matures 1 to 2 days ahead of Thatcher and about 5 days ahead of
Marquis and about the same time as Garnet. Saunders is resistant to
stem rust and loose smut; moderately resistant to bunt, root rot, and
black chaff; and moderately susceptible to leaf rust but definitely
superior in this respect to Red Bobs and Thatcher.
Saunders has been a close competitor of Thatcher in yield in
northern Alberta and slightly exceeded it in the 4-year test, 1943-46.
In the same period in the Alberta tests, it exceeded Marquis, Red
Bobs, and Redman by 2 to 4 bushels per acre. It has shown to best
advantage in northern Alberta, but has done fairly well in northern
Saskatchewan, also. It does not appear so well suited to Manitoba or
to the United States. In milling and baking properties Saunders is of
the same general quality as Marquis, and is, therefore, acceptable for
the Manitoba Northern Grades.
Published in Agron. J. 42:408-409.
Cultivar Name: SAWTANA
Name Abbreviation: STN
Other ID Numbers: B51-9
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13304
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-433
Year of Release: 1961
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS; Agriculture Canada,
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan
Pedigree: Rescue /2/ Mida / Cadet
Reference(s): 21, 46, 81, 463, 628, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SAWTANA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 120,094
1969: 11,902
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Sawtana Wheat (Reg. No. 433).
F. H. McNeal
'SAWTANA', Triticum aestivum L. CI 13304, was selected from the
cross 'Rescue' X 'Mida-Cadet'. The cross was made in the greenhouse
at Swift Current Saskatchewan, Canada, during the winter of 1946-47.
F1 seed was planted at Swift Current in 1947. The F2 generation was
grown in California in a bulk plot during the winter of 1947-48. F3
seed from this bulk planting was sown at Langdon, North Dakota, in the
spring of 1948. F6 seed of 10 selections was sent to Bozeman,
Montana, in the spring of 1951. One of these 10 was designated as
Montana selection B51-9. Selection B51-9, now called Sawtana, has
been tested continuously for sawfly resistance and yield at many
locations in Montana and at several locations in Canada and North
Dakota since 1951.
Distribution of Sawtana seed was first made to Montana certified
seed growers in the spring of 1961. The variety was recommended for
sawfly-infested areas of central, northcentral, and eastern Montana
(districts 4, 5 and 6). Sawtana is not recommended for other
districts because it yields no better than Thatcher or Centana and is
more likely to lodge when grown in the higher moisture areas of these
districts.
Morphological characteristics of Sawtana have been described as
follows: plant spring habit, midseason to late, tall; stem white,
weak, semisolid to solid; spike awnleted, fusiform, middense to lax,
inclined; glumes glabrous, white, midlong, midwide; shoulders midwide,
square; beaks midwide, obtuse to acute, 1.0 mm. long; awnlets white, 2
to 15 mm. long; kernels red, short, hard, ovate; germ midsized; crease
midwide, middeep; cheeks rounded; brush midsized, midlong, collared.
Sawtana produces a high straw tonnage under favorable growing
conditions, and, like other solid-stemmed wheats, it is susceptible to
lodging. It matures 2 or 3 days later than Rescue and is resistant to
shattering, moderately resistant to bunt, and resistant to loose smut.
Sawtana is susceptible to common races of leaf and stem rusts and is
about equal in sawfly resistance to Rescue (Table 1).
The yields of Sawtana have been comparable to those of Thatcher
and Chinook at Moccasin and Sidney but slightly lower at Havre (Table
1). Sawtana yields have been consistently higher than those of Rescue
at all locations. Test weights for Sawtana have exceeded those of
Thatcher and Rescue, but have been slightly lower than those of
Chinook.
The quality characteristics of Sawtana have been evaluated and
found acceptable by members of the Crop Quality Council and Montana
Wheat Quality Council. This variety continually produces a high yield
of medium-ash flour. Flour protein is about average, but water
absorption of the flour is considerably better than that of Rescue.
Sawtana has a long mixing requirement and strong dough
characteristics. Loaf volume and grain and texture scores of the
bread have been satisfactory.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. Yield, test weight, and sawfly cutting of Sawtana and other
wheat varieties in Montana districts 4, 5, and 6, 1952-1963.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Varieties
Character- Location Compar- ----------------------------------
istics & district isons Thatcher Chinook Rescue Sawtana
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yield Havre (5) 12 19.7 18.1 16.5 17.9
(bu./A) Mocassin (4) 12 20.6 20.7 19.6 20.9
Sidney (6) 11 27.8 26.7 27.0 27.5
Test Weight Havre (5) 12 57.8 59.3 58.0 58.8
(lb./bu.) Mocassin (4) 12 56.2 59.2 57.2 58.4
Sidney (6) 11 57.0 58.9 57.7 58.3
Sawfly Dutton (5) 5 45.9 18.0 12.8 13.4
cutting (%)
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Published in Crop Sci. 4:667-668.
Cultivar Name: SAWTELL
Name Abbreviation: SAW
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17424
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-603
Year of Release: 1978
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Idaho
Originator(s): Idaho AES; Oregon AES; Washington AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Sonora 64 / Winalta
Reference(s): 82, 194, 517, 768
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SAWTELL wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 2,453
1984: 675
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Sawtell Wheat (Reg. No. 603).
D. W. Sunderman and M. M. Stearns
'SAWTELL' hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em.
Thell.), CI 17424, was released jointly by the FR, SEA, USDA and the
Idaho, Oregon, and Washington Agricultural Experiment Stations in
1977.
Sawtell was derived from a single F4 line selected in 1969 from
the cross of 'Sonora 64/'Winalta' made in 1965. It was entered in
Idaho trials in 1970 and in the Western Regional Spring Wheat Nursery
in 1973.
Sawtell is a moderately stiff-strawed semidwarf cultivar of
medium maturity. It has had an average height of 81 cm, about 8 cm
taller than 'Borah', when grown under irrigation. Sawtell has
averaged 4 days later in heading than Borah. Spikes of Sawtell are
erect to inclined, awned, fusiform, and middense. Glumes are
glabrous, white, midlong and midwide; shoulders midwide and square to
elevated; beaks narrow, acuminate and 4 to 15 mm long. Kernels are
hard, red midlong, ovate; crease narrow and middeep; cheeks rounded;
brush midsized and short.
Sawtell has been moderately susceptible to the races of powdery
mildew (Erysiphe graminis DC. ex. Merat f. sp. tritici) and moderately
resistant to races of leaf (Puccinia recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp.
tritici and stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis West) prevalent in
Idaho. In Idaho 5-year two-station averages of cultivars grown under
irrigation, Sawtell had an average yield of 6,652 kg/ha compared with
5,993 kg/ha for Borah. In 6 station-years of testing on nonirrigated
land, the respective yields of the two cultivars were 2,297 and 2,098
kg/ha. Grain test weight of Sawtell is slightly higher than that of
Borah. Quality characteristics of Sawtell are satisfactory; however,
when compared with those of Borah, they have averaged about 1% lower
in grain protein content, 3% lower in flour water absorption, and 7%
lower in loaf volume.
Breeder seed will be maintained by the University of Idaho
Research and Extension Center at Tetonia, ID 83452.
Published in Crop Sci. 18:915-916.
Cultivar Name: SEA ISLAND
Name Abbreviation: SIL
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr6551
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-305
Year of Release: <1890
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Unknown
Originator(s): Unknown
Pedigree: Unknown: Probable Ladoga farmer selection.
Reference(s): 142, 161, 162, 163, 170
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SEA ISLAND wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 12,600
1924: 13,203
1929: 8,383
1934: 3,565
1939: 8,470
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: SELKIRK
Name Abbreviation: SK
Other ID Numbers: RL2769, CAN3894
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13100
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-398
Year of Release: 1953
or Introduction
Place of Origin: Canada
Originator(s): Rust Area Project, Cereal Crops Division, Canada
Dept. of Agriculture, Winnipeg, Manitoba
Pedigree: McMurachy / Exchange /2/ 3*Redman
Reference(s): 46, 47, 80, 81, 82, 255, 256, 305, 568, 569, 627,
628, 630, 631, 655, 706, 750
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SELKIRK wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 15,548
1959: 5,752,058
1964: 1,627,242
1969: 140,116
1974: 10,568
1979: 1,248
1984: 308
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF SELKIRK WHEAT (Reg. No. 398)
E. G. Heyne
SELKIRK, CI 13100, RL 2769, is a hard red spring wheat
distributed by the Canada Department of Agriculture in 1954. Since
that time, it has increased in acreage at a rapid rate and was
estimated to have been grown on 10 million acres in 1959 in Canada and
the United States. A. B. Campbell and E. R. Ausemus applied for
registration.
Selkirk is a selection from the cross McMurachy-Exchange (RL
2665) X Redman. The first cross to Redman was made in 1944, the
second in 1945, and the third in 1946. The final selection was made
by the Rust Area Project Group at Winnipeg in 1949 but it was
reselected for stem rust reaction in 1952.
The superior characteristics of Selkirk are stem and leaf rust
resistance, high yield, and strong straw. The spike is fusiform,
midlong, mid-dense, with short apical awnlets. The glumes are
glabrous and white; the beaks short, midwide, and acute; the shoulders
midwide, sloping to sightly elevated. The kernels are ovate, midlong,
hard and red; the crease is midwide and mid-deep; the cheeks are
angular to rounded; the brush is large and midlong; and the germ is
small. The straw is of medium height, strong and the color at heading
is predominantly light green and at maturity, light yellow. The
disease reaction incudes resistance to stem rust (some strains of race
15B), moderate resistance to leaf rust and resistance to bunt and
loose smut. Selkirk is medium-early in maturity. The quality is
approximately equal to that of Marquis. Yield data from the spring
wheat regions of the United States are given in table 6 and leaf rust
and stem rust data in table 7. Additional information on Selkirk was
published in 1956.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 6. Comparisons of yield of Selkirk, Lee and Thatcher wheats in
the spring wheat area of the United States, 1953-1959.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Variety 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 Average
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Eastern Section*, bushels per acre
--------------------------------------------------
Selkirk 28.9 33.9 29.6 23.5 32.5 36.4 21.4 29.4
Thatcher 17.9 14.9 20.4 22.5 25.7 30.4 18.4 21.7
Lee 22.9 24.0 27.1 22.1 31.4 33.6 21.5 26.1
No. comparisons# 13 11 11 14 13 14 13
89
Western Section*, bushels per acre
--------------------------------------------------
Selkirk 28.4 29.1 30.0 32.6 30.8 41.0 32.4 31.9
Thatcher 23.3 23.8 29.2 33.1 32.7 42.8 32.9 30.4
Lee 26.4 27.0 29.4 32.2 34.3 40.7 31.0 31.5
No. comparisons# 16 14 14 18 16 13 15
106
Entire Region, bushels per acre
--------------------------------------------------
Selkirk 28.6 31.2 29.8 28.6 31.6 36.3 27.2 30.4
Thatcher 20.9 19.9 25.3 28.5 29.5 34.1 26.2 26.5
Lee 24.9 26.5 28.4 27.8 33.0 34.9 26.5 28.8
No. comparisons# 29 25 25 32 29 27 28
195
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* The U.S. spring wheat region is arbitatratily divided into two
sections on the basis of moisture; the western section is the
drier.
# The figure indicates the number of stations where tests were
made.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 7. Leaf and stem rust infections of Selkirk, Lee and Thatcher
in the spring wheat area of the United States, 1953-1959.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Variety 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 Average
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Leaf rust infection in percent
--------------------------------------------------
Selkirk 1 6 18 7 17 34 25 16
Thatcher 38 62 56 38 53 66 73 56
Lee 3 11 6 13 19 36 29 17
Station years* 10 14 11 7 17 11 9 79
Stem rust infection in percent
--------------------------------------------------
Selkirk 10 12 3 tr 2 tr tr 5
Thatcher 46 43 23 10 8 8 4 24
Lee 38 35 20 3 12 2 2 20
Stations years*15 20 13 12 15 7 8 90
----------------------------------------------------------------------
* Data from stations only where rust occurred.
Published in Agron. J. 52:655-658.
Cultivar Name: SERRA
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Year of Release: 1988
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): California AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Ciano 67 /2/ Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor /5/ (II-
8156, (Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ Norin
10 / Brevor, II-7078) /4/ Gabo 55) /6/ Mexifen
Cultivar Name: SHARP
Other ID Numbers: SD2980
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI540401
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-770
Year of Release: 1990
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): South Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Butte*2 /3/ (MN7125, Fletcher /2/ (NE65313,
CItr13990, Atlas 66 / Comanche))
Reference(s): 125, 281
----------------------------------------------------------------------
REGISTRATION OF 'SHARP' WHEAT (Reg. No. CV-770)
F.A. Cholick,* G.W. Buchenau, and B.G. Farber
'SHARP', SD 2980 (Reg. no. CV-770, PI 540401), is a hard red
spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) developed by the South Dakota
Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University,
Brookings, SD, in cooperation with the USDA-ARS and released in 1990.
It is an F5-derived selection from the backcross 'Butte'*2/MN7125 made
in 1980. MN7125 is a line from the University of Minnesota, St. Paul,
whose parentage is "Fletcher'/CI 13990. The F1 was grown in a winter
nursery in Mexico and bulk harvested. Head selections from the F2
population grown at Bookings were grown as single rows at Bookings.
From the single F3 rows head selections were advanced to the winter
nursery in Mexico. An individual F5 row was bulk harvested and grown
in replicated yield trials at Brookings and Redfield, SD, in 1982.
The F5 seed from this bulk was used as the seed source for replicated
trials at the same two locations. Head selections were advanced to
the winter nursery grown at Weslaco, TX. Five F6 head selections were
harvested, bulked, and designated SD 2980. Sharp was tested in South
Dakota yield trials from 1983 through 1989 and in the Uniform Regional
Spring Wheat Nursery from 1986 through 1989. In 1986 and 1987, it was
entered in the Spring Wheat Crop Quality Test.
Sharp is early heading and mid-tall, with a white, hollow stem at
maturity. Spikes are awned, fusiform, middense, and erect. Awns are
white and 6 to 130 mm long. Glumes are white, short, and midwide with
narrow, square shoulders. The beaks are narrow, acuminated, and 2 to
5 mm long. Kernels are red, hard, midsize, ovate with rounded cheeks,
and having a narrow and mid/deep crease. A tall and very tall variant
has been identified in the breeder seed comprising 0.18% (10 cm
taller) and 0.003% (22 cm taller) of the plants, respectively. In
addition, an awnless variant of similar height occurred at 0.03%
frequency.
In 66 field performance trials in South Dakota from 1985 through
1989, Sharp has yielded 101, 101, 102, and 104% of "Butte 86', 'Stoa',
'Prospect', and 'Guard', respectively. Grain volume weight is high,
averaging 13 kg m-3 greater than Butte 86. Sharp was resistant to
leaf rust (incited by Puccinia recondita Roberge ex Desmaz.) present
in the field during the test period. Sharp probably has Lr1, Lr10,
and Lr13 genes for leaf rust resistance. These genes were identified
in seedling tests conducted at South Dakota State University. Sharp
was resistant to prevalent races of stem rust (caused by Puccinia
graminis Pers.:Pers. present in the field in 1985 through 1990.
Seedling tests at the Cereal Rust Lab., St. Paul, MN, indicated that
the probable genes for stem rust resistance for Sr5, Sr6, and Srwld.
In some environments, Sharp may develop false blackchaff.
Sharp has satisfactory milling and bread-making quality
(determined at the USDA-ARS Wheat Quality Lab., Fargo, ND). Grain
protein content of Sharp is classified as medium, being greater than
'Marshall' and Prospect and less than Butte 86. Flour extraction and
bake absorption are greater than Guard and Prospect and slightly less
than Butte 86. Loaf volume, mixing time requirement, and mixing
tolerance are similar to Butte 86.
Application for plant variety protection has not been made for
Sharp. Breeder seed will be maintained by the Foundation Seed Stocks
Project, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007.
Published in Crop Sci. 32:282-183.
Cultivar Name: SHASTA
Name Abbreviation: STA
Other ID Numbers: CA70293, UC205
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr17651
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-717
Year of Release: 1976
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-California
Originator(s): California AES
Pedigree: Inia 66 / Anza
Reference(s): 194, 592
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SHASTA wheat from 1919 to 1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 0
1984: 1,154
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Shasta Wheat (Reg. No. 717).
C.O. Qualset and H.E. Vogt
'SHASTA' CI17651, hard red spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
(Reg. no. 717) was developed and released by the California
Agricultural Experiment Station in 1976. It was selected from the
cross 'Inia 66'/'Anza'. The cross, CA 70293, was made at Davis, CA in
1970. This cultivar was selected, evaluated, and released 6 yr after
the cross was made, utilizing two field generations each year at Davis
for selection in the F2, F3, and F4 generations along with
simultaneous yield-testing in the F4. Shasta traces to an F4 line, CA
70293-214D-4S-OD, from which head-rows were grown and reselected for
uniformity. it was evaluated in statewide yield trials in 1974 to
1976 as UC205. Foundation seed stocks were multiplied in 1977 from a
bulk of 300 head-rows in a winter crop in the Imperial Valley in
southern California and a 3-ha summer crop in the Tulelake Basin in
northern California.
The parental cultivars were well-adapted and widely used in
California. Shasta was selected to approach the high grain-yielding
ability of Anza and good breakmaking quality of Inia 66. In 3-yr
California regional tests, the grain yield was 97% of Anza and 118% of
Inia 66. Milling and baking characteristics are intermediate to the
parents, but shifted significantly toward Inia 66. Shasta
consistently shows lower yellowberry and about 1.0% unit higher grain
protein than Anza.
Stripe rust (caused by Puccinia striiformis West.) resistance of
Shasta at the time of its release was equivalent to Inia 66, but more
susceptible than Anza. CRL-6 was the predominant race at the time of
release. it is susceptible to prevailing races of leaf rust (caused
by P. recondita Rob. ex. Desm. f. sp. tritici) and speckled leaf
blotch (caused by Septoria tritici Rob. ex Desm.), as are Anza and
Inia 66.
Shasta is classified as short-statured, being 1 to 3 cm taller
than Inia 66 and 12 to 14 cm taller than Anza, with 85 cm being a
typical height for Anza. It has straw strength equivalent to Inia 66,
but less than Anza. Maturity is earlier than Anza by 3 to 5 days and
later than Inia 66 by a similar amount. Shasta has excellent
resistance to shattering, as does Anza. The spike is mid-dense (Line
Anza) and erect to curing at maturity, peduncle is straight to
slightly Sh-shaped; glumes are cream to white in color (like Anza)
with a short glume awn. The kernels are hard and red, smaller than
Inia 66, and equivalent to Anza in size and shape.
Breeders and foundation seed classes are maintained by the
Foundation Seed and Plant Materials Service, University of California,
Davis, CA 95616.
Published in Crop Sci. 27:613.
Cultivar Name: SHERIDAN
Name Abbreviation: SI
Other ID Numbers: 2079,Sel. B61-95
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr13586
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-467
Year of Release: 1965
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Frontana /2/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch /3/ 3*Pilot
Reference(s): 82, 464, 465, 548, 620, 630, 631
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SHERIDAN wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 130,779
1974: 27,901
1979: 1,663
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Sheridan Wheat (Reg. No. 467).
F. H. McNeal
'SHERIDAN' wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), CI 13586, was
selected from the cross of ('Frontant' X 'Kenya 58'-'Newthatch,' CI
13154) X 'Pilot'. The cross was made at Montana Agricultural
Experiment Station, Bozeman, Montana, in the summer of 1954.
Selections from the cross were evaluated for disease and agronomic
characteristics, and in 1961 selection number B61-95 was assigned to a
bulk seed lot of 1960 row number 2079. Selection B61-95 has been
grown in the Advanced Yield Nursery at Montana Branch Experiment
Stations since 1961. In 1962, it was entered in the Uniform Regional
Hard Red Spring Wheat Nursery and assigned CI Number 13586.
Seed was increased in Montana and South Dakota in 1965. When
Sheridan was named and released in the spring of 1956 Montana and
South Dakota had about 1,000 and 1,500 bushels for distribution,
respectively. The variety is recommended for dryland areas of Montana
districts 1 and 6 where rust diseases are potential hazards, and for
essentially the northern half of South Dakota.
Sheridan has a long, bearded head with brown colored chaff. The
straw is usually white, but it will appear purple under certain
environments. The kernel is midlong and the brush end has a collar
much like that of 'Sawtana.' Sheridan is resistant to currently
predominant races of several diseases, including stinking smut, black
chaff, scab, stem rust, leaf rust and stripe rust. The milling and
baking quality is satisfactory although flour yield has been low in
some tests.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 1. Agronomic data for Sheridan and other varieties of spring
wheat in Montana, 1961-1965.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yield,bu/A
Lodging Test wt, ----------------
Variety Maturity* % lb/bu Sidney+ Creston
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Sheridan 97.2 43.0 58.8 34.4 51.6
Crim 95.0 36.6 57.9 31.1 42.8
Centana 97.7 30.9 57.6 27.8 46.1
Thatcher 93.5 28.1 57.2 27.9 44.8
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Sheridan matures with 'Centana' but 2 to 3 days later than 'Crim'
and 'Thatcher' (Table 1). A major weakness of Sheridan is tall straw
which will lodge severely under favorable conditions. Average test
weights show a considerable advantage for Sheridan over other
varieties.
Sheridan has a yield advantage over other recommended varieties
when grown on dryland in Montana districts 6 and 1 (Table 1). This
yield advantage is partially due to stem rust resistance in district 6
and stripe rust resistance in district 1. In other Montana locations
where rust has not been a problem, the yields of Sheridan are not
exceptionally high, but they are comparable to the yields of Thatcher.
Published in Crop Sci. 7:405-406.
Cultivar Name: SHIELD
Other ID Numbers: SD8026
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: PI491570
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-734
Year of Release: 1986
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-South Dakota
Originator(s): South Dakota AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Coteau / Dawn
Reference(s): 128, 483
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Shield Wheat (Reg. No. 734).
F. A. Cholick, J. H. Hatchett, D. K. Steiger, G. W. Buchenau, and K.
M. Sellers
'SHIELD', SD 8026. Reg. no. 734, PI 491570, is a hard red spring
wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with resistance to Hessian Fly [Mayetiola
destructor (Say)] developed and released in 1986 by the South Dakota
Agricultural Experiment Station, South Dakota State University,
Brookings, in cooperation with USDA-ARS. It is an F4-derived plant
selection from the single cross between 'Coteau' (CI 17749) spring
wheat and 'Dawn' (CI 17801) winter wheat, made in 1977. The F1
generation was grown in the greenhouse at Brookings in the spring of
1978 and the F2 was grown in replicated yield trials at Brookings and
Redfield that same year. The F3 head selections were evaluated for
Hessian fly resistance at Manhattan, KS and resistant selections were
transplanted and grown in the greenhouse at Brookings. The F4 plant
rows were grown at Brookings, harvested as single plants, and again
evaluated for Hessian fly reaction. Remnant F4 seed was grown in a
winter nursery in Mexico. Rows representing resistant plants were
harvested in bulk. One of the plant rows was designated SD 8026. The
F6 and F8 generations were also evaluated for Hessian fly reaction to
insure that SD 8026 was homozygous resistant. All Hessian fly
evaluations were conducted at Manhattan, KS, using a Hessian fly
population collected in South Dakota. Shield was tested in South
Dakota yield trials from 1981 through 1986, and in the Uniform
Regional Spring Wheat Nursery in 1983 through 1985. The Crop Quality
Council test was conducted in 1984.
Shield has spring growth habit,is early heading, and is standard
height similar to 'Butte' with a white, hollow stem. Spikes are
awned, fusiform, middense, and erect. awns are white and 10 to 90 mm
long. Glumes are white, short, and midwide with midwide and elevated
shoulders. The beaks are wide, acuminated, and 7 to 13 mm long.
Kernels are red, hard, midsize to short, and ovate with rounded cheeks
and narrow and middeep crease.
In 55 South Dakota trials from 1982 through 1986 Shield yielded
100, 103, 109, and 110% of 'Guard', 'Stoa', Butte, and 'Len',
respectively. Grain volume weight is greater than Guard, Len, and
Stoa and equal to Butte. Shield was resistant to leaf rust (incited
by Pussinia recondita Rob. ex Desm. f. sp. tritici) present in the
field during the test period. The seedling genes for resistance to
leaf rust are Lr2a, Lr3, and Lr10. In addition, adult plant
resistance has been confirmed in the Uniform Regional Nurseries.
Shield was moderately resistant to the prevalent races of stem rust
(caused by Puccinia graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici Eriks. and E. Henn.)
currently present in the field. Seedling test at the Cereal Rust Lab.,
St. Paul, MN indicate the probable genes for stem rust resistance are
Sr6 and 'Waldron'. Shield has 'Marquillo' type of resistance to the
Great Plains biotype of Hessian fly, the predominant biotype in South
Dakota. A field test in 1982 confirmed Hessian fly resistance in
Shield since it had less than 1% infested plants while susceptible
cultivars averaged 21% infested plants. Shield is moderately
susceptible to shattering.
Shield has good milling and break baking qualities. Grain
protein content of Shield is classified as medium, being less than
Stoa but greater than Guard. Flour extraction percent, bake
absorption, and loaf volume are all similar to Butte. The mixing time
requirement is greater than Butte but less than Len or Guard.
Application for plant variety protection has not been made for Shield.
Breeder seed will be maintained by the Foundation Seed Stocks Project,
South Dakota State Univ., Bookings, SD 57007.
Published in Crop Sci. 28:720-721.
Cultivar Name: SHINEVAC
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
Reference(s): 82
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SHINEVAC wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 0
1979: 1,453
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Cultivar Name: SHORTANA
Name Abbreviation: SRT
Other ID Numbers: MT6723
Species: T. aestivum
Market Class: Hard Red Spring Wheat
True Growth Habit: Spring
USDA Acc. Number: CItr15233
CSSA Reg. Number: CV-495
Year of Release: 1971
or Introduction
Place of Origin: USA-Montana
Originator(s): Montana AES; USDA-ARS
Pedigree: Norin 10 / Brevor /2/ 6*Centana
Reference(s): 194, 268, 373, 468, 630
----------------------------------------------------------------------
USDA Production Acreage Estimates for SHORTANA wheat from 1919 to
1984.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Year Estimated Acreage
----- -----------------
1919: 0
1924: 0
1929: 0
1934: 0
1939: 0
1944: 0
1949: 0
1954: 0
1959: 0
1964: 0
1969: 0
1974: 4,548
1979: 0
1984: 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Registration of Shortana Wheat (Reg. No. 495).
F. H. McNeal and M. A. Berg
'SHORTANA' wheat, (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.), Montana
selection MT 6723, CI 15233, is a hard red spring cultivar developed
cooperatively by the Montana Agricultural Experiment Station and the
Plant Science Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture. Shortana is the product of a single plant
selection from the cross 'Norin 10'/'Brevor,' 14/2/6*'Centana.'
Selection 14, CI 13253, from O. A. Vogel's Norin 10/Brevor was crossed
with Centana at Bozeman in 1955. Backcrosses to Centana were made
routinely and Montana number MT 6723 was assigned early in 1967 after
the selection had performed well in a 1966 single row yield nursery.
It has been tested at all Montana Experiment Stations since 1967.
Approximately 4,090 kg (150 bu) of foundation seed was released to
Montana certified seed growers in the spring of 1971.
Shortana can be classified as a semidwarf. It has white straw
and chaff and is midseason to late in maturity. The spike is awned,
fusiform , and middense, and similar in appearance to the spike of
Centana. Awns are white and glumes are glabrous. Kernels are red,
short, hard, and ovate; the brush is midsized. Shortana is
susceptible to leaf rust, moderately resistant to stem and stripe
rust, and resistant to loose smut. The flour yield of Shortana is
slightly below that of Centana, probably because of its small kernels.
However, the cultivar has been accepted by the milling trade. The
baking characteristics of Shortana are equal to those of Centana and
superior to those of most other commercially available hard red spring
semidwarfs.
Shortana is more productive than Centana and most standard height
cultivars in high moisture-high fertility ares. Producers in the
irrigated valleys and the higher moisture areas of western Montana
should benefit most from the yield potential of this cultivar. The
small kernels of Shortana are sensitive to drought and for this reason
test weights may vary widely, depending on available moisture.
Breeder seed of Shortana will be maintained by the Plant and Soil
Science Department, Montana Agricultural Experiment Station.
Published in Crop Sci. 11:944-945.