1997 Uniform Regional Scab Nursery for Spring Wheat Parents
**************************************************************
Robert Busch, USDA-ARS, Plant Science Unit, Coordinator
Hong Ma, Department of Plant Pathology, University of
Minnesota (Data analysis and compilation)
Gary Linkert, Department of Agronomy, University of Minnesota
* * * * * * * * * *
The Uniform Regional Scab Nursery was grown for the third time in
1997, at 6 locations including St Paul (MN), Morris (MN),
Brookings (SD), Langdon (ND), Prosper (ND) and Morden (MB).
A total of 38 entries were tested including 4 checks (2375,
Wheaton, BacUp and Oslo), 31 parental lines and 3 durums. Among
those parental lines, 20 (65%) were derived from Sumai 3 or Ning
8331 (Chinese-based resistant sources) crosses, and 11 (35%) were
not.
All entries were planted in single rows or hill-planted with 3
replicates in each location. Inoculation was conducted by
scattering infected kernels and/or by spraying the heads with
macroconidia spore suspension during anthesis (2 x 104 - 10 x 104
spores/ml). A misting system was used for enhancing disease
infection.
Visual head symptoms of scab infection and post-harvested visual
scabby kernel ratings (or % tombstone) based on a standard set
were assessed. Plot means were used for combined analysis. Each
location's data are separately presented as well.
Level of disease varied with locations. Location means for
disease index ranged from 12 (St Paul) to 77% (Prosper), and for
percent tombstone, from 19 (Morris) to 60% (Brookings). The
disease index and percent tombstone were not necessarily
associated across locations (Table 9).
Performances of entries varied with locations. For disease index,
The Langdon location did not correlate with the other sites (r=
-0.26 to 0.06), but correlation was fair between other locations
(r= 0.41 to 0.75). For percent tombstone, correlation between
locations was good, ranging from 0.47 to 0.87, except for St.Paul
and Langdon (r = 0.29).
Correlation between disease index and percent tombstone was
strong (r= 0.70), indicating that breeding for low disease index
is an essential. This is similar to the result obtained in 1996
nursery.
Location means of spring wheats derived from Chinese-based
resistant sources for disease index and percent tombstone were
significantly lower (p<0.01) than that of those derived from
non-Chinese parents (Table 9).
Using NIR for DON readings was conducted for St. Paul and Morris
nurseries. Correlation coefficients between NIR reading and
percent tombstone within location were 0.70 (St. Paul) and 0.89
(Morris). Mean of NIR readings of the two locations also
correlated well with the mean of percent tombstone across all
locations (r=0.74), indicating NIR reading predicted genotype
performance across environments.
Several entries with Chinese based resistant sources (95NPY1255,
95NPY1253, SD-ADB61, SD-ADB9, N97-0326, ND2710, 95NPY1350,
ND2837, FHB34, MN94346) were low for both disease index and
percent tombstone (Table 8).