Descriptions for several genetic stocks have been added in this issue. There are some more genetic stocks frequently used in genetic and linkage studies. The editors solicit barley geneticists, particularly coordinators, to prepare descriptions of genetic stocks for genes with which you are familiar but for which description has not been published.
Editors
BGS 168 Globe shaped grain glo-a
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: glo-a1003
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1)
Located on chromosome 4 (1,2)
Description: Globe shaped grains and round tips of lateral spikelets (2)
Origin of mutant: X-ray induced in cultivar Proctor
Mutational events: glo-a1003 in Proctor
Mutant used for description and seed stock: glo-a 1343/63
References:
1. Fischbeck, G. and J. Häuser. 1976. BGN 6:28-29.
2. Häuser, J. and G. Fischbeck. 1976. Z. f. Pflanzenzüchtung
77:269-280.
Prepared: G. Fischbeck. 1978.
BGS 169 light green-2 lg 2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: lg3 (1)
Inheritance: Monohybrid factorial, located on chromosome 4 (1)
Description: Seedling light green, non viable (1) Greenhouse grown seedlings are normal upon emergence but later change color to pale green and die.
Origin of mutant: lg 2 in unknown cultivar
Mutational events: lg 2 in unknown cultivar
References:
1. Immer, F.R. and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Genetics 28:419-440.
Prepared: T.E. Haus. 1978.
BGS 170 light green-3 lg 3
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: lg 7 (1); lg 3 used by Hanson and Kramer (2) notknown to be allelic to lg 3 CSU B15-3.
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1)
Located on chromosome 4 (3)
Located on long arm of chromosome 4 (4)
Description: Seedlings light green, viable (1) Seedlings are light yellowgreen and are lethal. (2) When grown in fiberglass greenhouse at Fort Collins, Colorado, mutant can be grown to maturity.
Origin of mutant: lg 3 in unknown cultivar
Mutational events: lg 3 in unknown cultivar
Mutant used for description and seed stock: lg 3 in CSU B 15-3
References:
1. Immer, F.R. and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Genetics 28:419-440.
2. Hanson, W.D. and H.H. Kramer. 1949. Genetics 34:687-700.
3. Tsuchiya, T., T. Fachan, and T.E. Haus. 1976. BGN 6:82-84.
4. Tsuchiya, T. and L.B. Hall. 1978. BGN 8:
Prepared: T.E. Haus. 1978.
BGS 171 light green-4 lg 4
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: lg I, lg 9 (2)
Inheritance:
Monohybrid factorial, located on chromosome 4 (2, 3, 4, 5)
Allelic relationship between lg 9 and lg 4 established (1)
Description: Seedlings light green, viable (1)
Origin of mutant: lg 4 in unknown cultivar
Mutational events: lg 3 in unknown cultivar
Mutant used for description and seed stock: lg 4 in CSU T 13-22
References:
1. Haus, T.E. 1973. BGN 3:17-18
2. Immer, F.R. and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Genetics 28:419-440.
3. Seip, L. and T. Tsuchiya. 1978. BGN 8:
4. Singh, R.J. and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. BGN 4:66-68.
5. Tsuchiya, T. and R.L. Haines. 1975. BGN 5:67-69.
Prepared: T.E. Haus. 1978.
BGS 172 Short awn lk 5
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive, located on chromosome 4 (1)
Allelic to mutant KM 218 (2).
Located on 4L (4)
Description: Awns short on both central and lateral flowers (1). Rachilla often modified, in extreme cases rachilla may develop as transformed additional florets (2).
Origin of mutant: Spontaneous mutant in unknown cultivar
Mutational events:
lk 5 in C.I. 5641 (1)
lk 5 in KM 218 (2)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: lk 5 in C.I. 5641
References:
1. Litzenberger, S.C. and J.M. Green. 1951. Agron. J. 43:117-123.
2. Tsuchiya, T. 1975. Genetica 45:519-529.
3. Tsuchiya, T. 197 . BGN
4. Tsuchiya, T. and L.B. Hall. 1978. BGN 8:
Prepared: T.E. Haus. 1978.
BGS 6 rough awn R
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: A (2)
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (3)
Located on chromosome 7 (2)(1)
Description: "The edges of the awns of the common rough-awned barleys are armed with closely-set projecting teeth which point toward the tip. The largest teeth are at the base of the awn, the teeth gradually decreasing in size until near the tip are so small that the awn feels only slightly rough." (3)
Origin of mutant: Natural occurrence in several cultivars
Mutational events: R in unknown cultivar
Mutant used for description and seed stock: R in Trebi
References:
1. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe and F.R. Immer. 1941. J. Am. Soc. Agron.
33:47-64.
2. Hor, K.S. 1924. Genetics 9:151-180.
3. Harlan , H.V. 1920. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 12:205-208.
Prepared: T.E. Haus. 1978.
BGS 312 Smooth awn r
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: a (2)
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (3)
Located on chromosome 7 (2)(1)
Description: "Teeth on awns are almost entirely wanting. For all practical purposes, they are eliminated, although all smooth-awned barleys are not equally smooth." (3)
Origin of mutant: Natural occurrence in several cultivars
Mutational events: r in unknown cultivar
Mutant used for description and seed stock: r in Lion
References:
1. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and F.R. Immer. 1941. J. Am. Soc. Agron.
33:47-64.
2. Hor, K.D. 1924. Genetics 9:151-180.
3. Harlan, H.V. 1920. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 12:205-208.
BGS 6 Long-haired rachilla S
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: L (1)
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1)
Located on chromosome 7 (1)(2)
Description: Hairs of rachilla long and straight (1)
Origin of mutant: Natural occurrence in many cultivars
Mutational events: S in unknown cultivar
Mutant used for description and seed stock: S in Trebi
References:
1. Hor, K.S. 1924. Genetics 9:151-180.
2. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe and F.R. Immer. 1941. J. Am. Soc. Agron.
33:47-64.
Prepared: T.E. Haus. 1978.
BGS 312 Short-haired rachilla s
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: l (1)
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1)
Located on chromosome 7 (1)
Description: Hairs on rachilla short and branched (1)
Origin of mutant: Spontaneous in unknown cultivar
Mutational events: s in unknown cultivar
Mutant used for description and seed stock: s in Lion
References:
1. Hor, K.S. 1924. Genetics 9:151-180.
2. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and F.R. Immer. 1941. J. Am. Soc. Agron.
33:47-64.
Prepared: T.E. Haus. 1978.
BGS 0069 Toothed lemma G
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None
Inheritance:
Monofactorial dominance (1)
Located on chromosome 2 (1, 2)
Description: Large teeth on lemma nerves. Ubisch (1) distinguished three sizes of teeth including one that could only be seen after magnification. She thought there was one main gene for large teeth and one or two other pairs of genes for less developed teeth. Wexelsen (2) observed one factor pair segregation in his study.
Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence in some cultivars
Mutational events: G in Machine (2)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: G in Machine
References:
1. Ubisch, G.V. 1919. Zeits, Ind. Abst. Ver. 20:65-117.
2. Wexelsen, H. 1934. Hereditas 17:323-341
3. Wexelsen, H. 1962. Meldinger fra Norgest Landbrukshogskole 41:1-29.
Rrepared by: T.E. Haus. 1975.
Revised: T.E. Haus. 1978.
BGS 453 Few roots fer
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (1)
Description: Few roots of seedlings and of plants grown in gravel. Older plants are phenotypically normal, but inclined to overturn (l)
Origin of mutant: EMS-induced mutant of the variety 'Bomi' (1)
Mutational events: fer in 'Bomi' (1)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: fer in the Danish variety 'Bomi' (1)
References:
1. Linde-Laursen, I. 1977. BGN 7:43-45.
Prepared by: Ib Linde-Laursen. 1977.
BGS 0015 Non-blue (white) aleurone bl
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Complementary factors for blue vs. white aleurone Blx blx (7)
Bl1 bl1 (3)
Inheritance: Located on chromosome 4 (1, 3). Blue aleurone occurs when complementary dominant genes Bl, Bl2, Bl3, Bl4, and Bl5 are present (2). If a recessive gene is homozygous at any of these loci, non-blue colour results. Non-blue colour is white except when bl4, alone, is homozygous, when it is pink or red (3). All non-blue stocks tested have only one recessive locus (2, 3). Bl, Bl3, and Bl4 are very closely linked (2, 3).
Description: Blue aleurone colour is due to anthocyanin (5) which occurs as lumps inside many aleurone granules in some or all aleurone cells (2). It is best seen in well filled grains magnified to show individual aleurone cells after more superficial tissues have been peeled off (4). Colour expression varies greatly with environment and modifying genes (2, 3).
Origin of mutant: Natural occurrence in many cultivars
Mutational events: bl bl Bl2 Bl2 Bl3 Bl3 Bl4 Bl4 Bl5 Bl5 in Goldfoil (6)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: bl bl Bl2 Bl2 Bl3 Bl3 Bl4 Bl4 Bl5 Bl5 N Rs k JMlg
References:
1. Buckley, G.F.H. 1930. Sci. Agric. 10:460-492.
2. Finch, R.A. and E. Simpson. 1978. Z. PflZücht. (in press)
3. Kushnak, G.D. 1974. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State Univ., Bozeman,
Montana.
4. Mullick, D.B. and V.C. Brink. 1970. Can. J. P1. Sci. 50:551-558.
5. Mullick, D.B., D.G. Faris, V.C. Brink and R.M. Acheson. 1958. Can.
J. P1. Sci. 38:445-456.
6. Myler, J.L. and E.H. Stanford. 1942. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 34:427-436.
7. Wiebe, G.A. 1972. Barley Genet. Newsl. 2:109
Prepared: T.E. Haus. 1975.
Revised: R.A. Finch. 1978.
BGS 0019 Non-blue (white) aleurone 2 bl2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: Bl1 bl1 (5)
Inheritance: Located on chromosome 1 (5). Blue aleurone colour occurs when complementary dominant genes Bl, Bl2, Bl3, Bl4, and Bl5 are present (1). If a recessive gene is homozygous at any of these loci, non-blue colour results. Non-blue colour is white except when bl4, alone, is homozygous, when it is pink or red (1). All non-blue stocks tested have only one recessive locus (1, 2). Bl, Bl3 and Bl4 are very closely linked (1, 2).
Description: Blue aleurone colour is due to anthocyanin (4) which occurs as lumps inside many aleurone granules in some or all aleurone cells (1). It is best seen in well filled grains magnified to show individual aleurone cells after more superficial tissueshave been peeled off (3). Colour expression varies greatly with environment and modifying genes (1, 2).
Origin of mutant: Natural occurrence in several cultivars.
Mutational events: Bl Bl bl2 bl2 Bl3 Bl3 Bl4 Bl4 Bl5 Bl5 in Nepal (5)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: Bl Bl bl2 bl2 Bl3 Bl3 Bl4 Bl4 Bl5 Bl5 nrs K Jmlg
References:
1. Finch, R.A. and E. Simpson. 1978. Z. PflZücht. (in press).
2. Kushnak, G.D. 1974. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State Univ., Bozeman,
Montana.
3. Mullick, D.B. and V.C. Brink. 1970. Can. J. Pl. Sci. 50:551-558.
4. Mullick, D.B., D.G. Faris, V.C. Brink and R.M. Acheson. 1958. Can.
J. P1. Sci. 38:445-456.
5. Myler, J.L. and E.H. Stanford. 1942. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 34:427-436.
Prepared: T.E. Haus 1975.
Revised: R.A. Finch. 1978.
BGS 173 Non-blue (white) aleurone 3 bl3
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: Bly bly (5)
Inheritance: Located on chromosome 4 (1, 2). Blue aleurone colour occurs when complementary dominant genes Bl, Bl2, Bl3, Bl4 and Bl5 are present (1). If a recessive gene is homozygous at any of these loci, non-blue colour results. Non-blue colour is white except when bl4, alone, is homozygous, when it is pink or red (1). All non-blue stocks tested have only one recessive locus (1, 2). Bl, Bl3 and Bl4 are very closely linked (1, 2).
Description: Blue aleurone colour is due to anthocyanin (4) which occurs as lumps inside many aleurone granules in some or all aleurone cells (1). It is best seen in well filled grains magnified to show individual aleurone cells after more superficial tissues have been peeled off (3). Colour expression varies greatly with environment and modifying genes (1, 2).
Origin of mutant: Natural occurrence in line later named Blx (1) selected from Composite Cross 5 CI 6620 (5).
Mutational evets: Bl Bl Bl2 Bl2 bl3 bl3 Bl4 Bl4 Bl5 Bl5 in Blx (5)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: Bl Bl Bl2 Bl2 bl3 bl3 Bl4 Bl4 Bl5 Bl5 N Rs k
References:
1. Finch, R.A. and E. Simpson. 1978. Z. PflZücht. (in press).
2. Kushnak, G.D. 1974. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State Univ., Bozeman,
Montana.
3. Mullick, D.B. and V.C. Brink. 1970. Can. J. Pl. Sci. 50:551-558.
4. Mullick, D.B., D.G. Faris, V.C. Brink and R.M. Acheson. 1958. Can.
J. P1. Sci. 38:445-456.
5. Wiebe, G.A. 1972. Barley Genet. Newsl. 2:109.
Prepared: R.A. Finch. 1978.
BGS 174 Non-blue (pink) aleurone bl4
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None
Inheritance: Located on chromosome 4(1). Blue aleurone colour occurs when complementary dominant genes Bl, Bl2, Bl3, Bl4, and Bl5 are present (1). If a recessive gene is homozygous at any of these loci, non-blue colour results. Non-blue colour is pink or red when bl4, alone, is homozygous and white in other cases (1). Red results from the interaction of an intensifier gene with bl4 (1). All non-blue stocks tested have only one recessive locus (1, 2). Bl, Bl3 and Bl4 are very closely linked (1, 2).
Description: Blue aleurone colour is due to anthocyanin (4). Blue, pink and red colours occur as lumps inside many aleurone granules in some or all aleurone cells (1). Pink is usually visible only in well filled grains magnified to show individual aleurone cells after more superifical tissues have been peeled off (1, 3). Colour expression varies greatly with environment and modifying genes (1, 2). Pink and red due to bl4 are present before acid treatment.
Origin of mutant: Natural occurrence in a few Ethiopian lines (1).
Mutational events: Bl Bl Bl2 Bl2 Bl3 Bl3 bl4 bl4 Bl5 Bl5 in Ab 6 (1)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: Bl Bl Bl2 Bl2 Bl3 Bl3 bl4 bl4 Bl5 Bl5 n Rs k ml-o
References:
1. Finch, R.A. and E. Simpson. 1978. Z. PflZücht. (in press)
2. Kushnak, G.D. 1974. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State Univ., Bozeman,
Montana.
3. Mullick, D.B. and V.C. Brink. 1970. Can. J. Pl. Sci. 50:551-558.
4. Mullick, D.B., D.G. Faris, V.C. Brink and R.M. Acheson. 1958.
Can. J. P1. Sci. 38:445-456.
Prepared: R.A. Finch. 1978.
BGS 454 Non-blue (white) aleurone bl5
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization: None
Inheritance: Recessive gene not linked to other aleurone loci but close to a red stem marker (1). Blue aleurone occurs when complementary dominant genes Bl, Bl2, Bl3, Bl4 and Bl5 are present (1). If a recessive gene is homozygous at any of these loci, non-blue colour results. Non-blue colour is white except when bl4, alone, is homozygous, when it is pink or red (1). All non-blue stocks tested have only one recessive locus (1, 2). Bl, Bl3 and Bl4 are very closely linked (1, 2).
Description: Blue colour is due to anthocyanin (4) which occurs as lumps inside many aleurone granules in some or all aleurone cells (1). It is best seen in well filled grains magnified to show individual aleurone cells after more superficial tissues have been peeled off (3). Colour expression varies greatly with environment and modifying genes (1, 2).
Origin of mutant: Natural occurrence in BGM 122 (1)
Mutational events: Bl Bl Bl2 Bl2 Bl3 Bl3 Bl4 Bl4 bl5 bl5 in BG, 122 (1)
Mutant used for description and seed stock: Bl Bl Bl2 Bl2 Bl3 Bl3 Bl4 Bl4 bl5 bl5 n rs k Ml-o
References:
1. Finch, R.A. and E. Simpson. 197B. Z. PflZücht. (in press).
2. Kushnak, G.D. 1974. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State Univ., Bozeman,
Montana
3. Mullick, D.B. and V.C. Brink. 1970. Can. J. Pl. Sci. 50:551-558.
4. Mullick, D.B., D.G. Faris, V.C. Brink and R.M. Acheson. 1958. Can.
J. P1. Sci. 38:445-456.
Prepared: R.A. Finch. 1978.
BGS 175 Resistant to Erysiphe graminis DC. ex Marat f. sp. hordei Marchal (Powdery mildew) Reg 6
Previous nomenclature and symbolization: erm (6); ml-o (1, 3)
Inheritance: Monofactorial recessive (cf. 3, 8). Located on the long arm of chromosome 4 approximatley 42 cM from br2 (4).
Description: The infection type is designated 1/(4), i.e. the plants are resistant with infection type 0 expect for a few sporulating colonies that originate from primary infections in the subsidiary cells (next to the guard cells); virulent powdery mildew isolates have not been found (cf. 5, 8). The resistance genes in the Reg 6 locus confer - as pleiotropic effects - necrotic leaf spotting, reduced grain yield, and slight morphological alterations (cf. 7).
Origin of mutant: Spontaneous occurrence and induced by several mutagens.
Mutational events: Reg 6a through Reg 6k (ml-o 1 through ml-o 11) (3). Additional events reported (2, 9 and cf. 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stock: Risø 5678 CI 15219 with gene Reg 6e (ml-o 5) induced by EMS in Carlsberg II CI 15218
References:
1. Favret, E.A. 1971. In: Barley Genetics II, 457-471.
2. Hentrick, W. 1977. In: Induced Mutations against Plant Diseases,
333-342.
3. Jørgensen, J. Helms. 1976. In: Barley Genetics III, 446-455.
4. Jørgensen, J. Helms. 1977. In: Induced Mutations against
Plant Diseases, 533-550.
5. Jørgensen, J. Helms and K. Mortensen. 1977. Phytopathology
67:678-685.
6. Lau, D. 1962. Zeitschrift fur Pflanzenzuchtung 43:80-90.
7. Schwarzbach, E. 1976. In: Barley Genetics III, 440-445.
8. Wiberg, A. 1974. Hereditas 75:83-100.
9. Wiberg, A. 1977. In: Induced Mutations against Plant Diseases, 317-332.
Prepared: J. Helms Jørgensen. 1978.