Reactions of barley accessions carrying different rym genes to

BaYMV and BaMMV in Japan and Germany

 

Takeo Konishi1, Frank Ordon2, and Masahiko Furusho3

 

1 294 Okada, Mabi-cho, Kibi-gun, Okayama 710-1311, Japan

2 Institute of Crop Science and Plant Breeding I, Justus-Liebig-University, D-35392 Giessen, Germany

3 Fukuoka Agricultural Research Center, Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8549, Japan

Hard-copy edition pages 46 - 48.

 

Barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV) are the most important soil-borne viral pathogens of winter barley.  So, extensive surveys of genetic resources to the viruses have been conducted in Japan and Germany, and many resistant barley accessions were found.  Genetic analyses of the resistant accessions revealed that at least 12 resistance genes are present (Takahashi et al. 1973; Ukai 1984; Kaiser and Friedt 1989; Iida and Konishi 1994; Graner et al. 1995, 1996, 2000; Konishi et al. 1997), and that some resistant accessions carry more than one resistance gene.  For instance, Mokusekko 3, which was reported to carry the incompletely dominant resistance gene (Ym) to BaYMV (Takahashi et al. 1973), is made clear to possess two resistance genes (rym1 and rym5) to BaYMV (Konishi et al. 1997, Miyazaki et al. 2001). Franka is resistant to BaYMV and BaMMV in Japan, and contains two different resistance genes for BaYMV and BaMMV (Konishi and Furusho 2000).  In Germany, Franka is also resistant to BaMMV and BaYMV-1 (but susceptible to BaYMV-2), and its resistance is governed by a single recessive gene (rym4) (Graner et al. 1999).  These facts indicate that some barley accessions carry more than one resistance gene and that genes for resistance to BaYMV should be separated from those to BaMMV (Konishi 2000).            

 

Table 1 indicates that barley accessions carrying different rym resistance genes show different reactions to BaYMV and BaMMV in Japan and Germany.  Ea 52 carrying rym3 is resistant to BaYMV, but is susceptible to BaMMV.  Misato Golden with rym5 is resistant to all isolates of BaYMV and BaMMV, except Japanese BaMMV.  The cultivar Prior with rym6 is susceptible to all isolates of BaYMV and BaMMV, except BaYMV-II in Japan.  H HOR 3365 (rym7) and Bulgarian 347 (rym9) are resistant to BaMMV and Japanese BaYMV, whereas they are susceptible to BaYMV in Germany.  The accession 10247 (rym8) is resistant to BaYMV and BaMMV, except German BaYMV-2.  Hiberna (rym10) is resistant to BaYMV and BaMMV, except German BaMMV.  Resistance to all isolates of BaYMV and BaMMV examined is detected in Mihori Hadaka 3 (rym2), Russia 57 (rym11) and Muju Covered 2 (rym12), as well as Mokusekko 3 (rym1+rym5).

 

These results indicate that genetic analysis of resistance should be conducted independently for BaYMV and BaMMV, and that accessions resistant to BaYMV and BaMMV may contain different genes for resistance to respective viruses. 

 

Table 1. Reactions of barley accessions carrying different resistance genes to BaYMV and

BaMMV in Japan (JPN) and Germany (GMN)

a Gene symbol and chromosome carrying the gene is shown in the parenthesis.

b The resistance gene derived from Mokusekko 3 which is resistant to BaYMV and

BaMMV.

c R = resistant; S = Susceptible; MR: moderately resistant; NA = no data.

d Prior with rym6 is resistant to only the BaYMV-II isolate in Japan.

 

 

 

Text Box: Accession Gene symbola BaYMV-I(JPN) BaYMV-1(GMN) BaYMV-2(GMN) BaMMV(JPN) BaMMV(GMN) MK 231-60 b rym1 (4H) Rc NA NA NA R Mihori Hadaka 3 rym2 (7H) R R R R R Ea 52 rym3 (5H) R R R S S Franka rym4 (3H) R R S R R Misato Golden b rym5 (3H) R R R S R Priord rym6 (3H) S S S S S H HOR 3365 rym7 (1H) R S S R R 10247 rym8 (4H) R R S R R Bulgarian 347 rym9 (4H) R S S R R Hiberna rym10 (3H) R R R R S Russia 57 rym11 (4H) R R R R R Muju Covered 2 rym12 (4H) R R R R R Mokusekko 3 rym1+rym5 R R R R R

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References:

 

Graner, A., W. Michalek, and S. Streng. 2000. Molecular mapping of genes conferring resistance to viral and fungal pathogens. p. 45-52. In S. Logue (ed.) Barley Genetics

VIII. Proc. Eighth Barley Genet. Symp. Vol. 1., Adelaide Univ., Adelaide, Australia.  Graner, A., E. Bauer, A. Kellermann, G. Proeseler, G. Wenzel, and F. Ordon. 1995. RFLP analysis of resistance to the barley yellow mosaic virus complex. agronomie 15:475-479.

Graner, A., E. Bauer, J. Chojecki, A. Tekauz, A. Kellermann, G. Proeseler, M. Michel, V. Valkov, G. Wenzel, and F. Ordon. 1996. Molecular mapping of genes for disease resistance in barley. p. 253-255. In A. Slinkard, G. Scoles, and B. Rossnagel (eds.) V IOC & VII IBGS Poster Sessions 1. Proc. Fifth Int. Oat Conf. & Seventh Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Univ. Ext. Press., Univ. Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.

Graner, A., S. Streng, A. Kellermann, G. Proeseler, A. Schiemann, H. Peterka, and F. Ordon. 1999. Molecular mapping of genes conferring resistance to soil-borne viruses in barley  an approach to promote understanding of host-pathogen interactions. J. Plant Diseases and Protection 106:405-410.

Iida, Y. and T. Konishi. 1994. Linkage analysis of a resistance gene to barley yellow mosaic virus strain II in two-rowed barley. Breeding Science 44:191-194.

Kaiser, R. and W. Friedt. 1989. Chromosomal location of resistance to barley yellow mosaic virus in German winter-barley identified by trisomic analysis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 77:241-245.

Konishi, T. 2000. Proposed gene symbols for resistance to Barley Mild Mosaic Virus (BaMMV) in barley. BGN 30:4-5.  

Konishi, T., T. Ban, Y. Iida, and R. Yoshimi. 1997. Genetic analysis of disease resistance to all strains of BaYMV in a Chinese barley landrace, Mokusekko 3. Theor. Appl. Genet. 94:871-877.

Konishi, T., and M. Furusho. 2000. German barley cv.  ranka possesses two different resistance genes to barley yellow mosaic virus (BaYMV) and barley mild mosaic virus (BaMMV). BGN 30:55-57.

Miyazaki, C., E. Osanai, K. Saeki, K. Ito, T. Konishi, K. Sato, and A. Saito. 2001. Mapping of quantitative trait loci conferring resistance to barley yellow mosaic virus in a Chinese barley landrace Mokusekko 3. Breeding Science 51:171-177.

Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, T. Inouye, I. Moriya, and C. Hirao. 1973. Studies on resistance to yellow mosaic disease in barley. I. Tests for varietal reactions and genetic analysis of resistance to the disease. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 16:1-17.

Ukai, Y. 1984. Genetic analysis of a mutant resistant to barley yellow mosaic virus. BGN 14:31-33.

 

Back to the Table of Contents |GrainGenes