Ban and Kawada (1996) reported that a locus controlling the presence of leaf esterase isozymes is located in the long arm of chromosome 2H. They recommended the gene symbol Est11 for the locus, based on publication dates. Alleles at the locus are Est11.Yo and Est11.Cl present in `Yokozuna' and `Claret', respectively. The recombination values reported for the Est11 locus are 25.5+/-2.5% with the vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus and 25.4+/-2.4% with the lig (liguleless) locus. Ban and Kawada (1996) note that similar recombination values were reported for the Est12 locus by Netsvetaev (1993) and concluded that both are the same locus. The gene symbol Est11 is recommended for the leaf esterase locus in chromosome 2HL. Thus, the gene symbol Est12 was recommended for the leaf esterase locus in chromosome 3HS, which is linked to the alm (albino lemma) locus (Netsvetaev, 1992). Ban and Kawada (1996) provided additional data for positioning the gsh9 (glossy sheath 9) locus. Recombination values for gsh9 with the eog (elongated outer glume) locus and the vrs1 locus were 8.8+/-1.5% and 23.8+/-2.5%, respectively. The recombination value for the eog and vrs1 loci was 26.4+/-2.6% in this cross.

Börner and Korzun (1996) reported that the gene controlling gibberellic acid (GA) sensitivity in the semidwarf mutant `Hv288' is located in chromosome 2H and confirmed that the gene controlling GA insensitivity in `Hv287' is located in chromosome 2H. The association of the GA insensitive semidwarf gene with chromosome 2H was reported previously by Favret et al. (1975).

Kauppinen (1992) associated the Kas12 locus for beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthase I with chromosome 2H using wheat-barley addition lines. Laurie et al. (1993) placed a 5S rRNA locus in the long arm of chromosome 2H using physical markers and RFLPs.

Komatsuda et al. (1995) found that a major gene controlling differentiation of shoots from immature embryo callus (Shd1) from `Kanto Nakate Gold' is located near the vrs1 locus and associated closely with the two-rowed allele (Vrs1.b). The authors suggested that the `Azumamugi' backcross-derived lines, which were isolated during the study, may be suitable for tissue culture experiments. The same region of chromosome 2H in some two-rowed cultivars is associated with partial resistance to Fusarium head blight (Steffenson et al., 1996) and good malt quality (Franckowiak, unpublished).

References:

Ban, T., and N. Kawada. 1996. Linkage analysis of high pI esterase isozyme Est11 in barley. BGN 25:59-60.

Börner, A., and V. Korzun. 1996. Genetical studies of two barley mutants differing in their GA response. BGN 25:27-29.

Favret, E.A., G.C. Favret, and E.M. Malvarez. 1975. Genetic regulatory mechanisms for seedling growth in barley. p. 37-42. In H. Gaul (ed.) Barley Genetics III. Proc. Third Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Garching, 1975. Verlag Karl Thiemig, München.

Kauppinen, S. 1992. Structure and expression of the Kas12 gene encoding a beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase I isozyme for barley. J. Biol. Chem. 267:23999-24006.

Komatsuda, T., F. Taguchi-Shiobara, S. Oka, F. Takaiawa, T. Annaka, and H.J. Jacobson. 1995. Transfer and mapping of the shoot-differentiation locus Shd1 in barley chromosome 2. Genome 38:1009-1014.

Laurie, D.A., N. Pratchett, K.M. Devos, I.J. Leitch, and M.D. Gale. 1993. The distribution of RFLP markers on chromosome 2 (2H) of barley in relation to the physical and genetic location of 5S rRNA. Theor. Appl. Genet. 87:177-183.

Netsvetaev, V.P. 1992. Linkage of Hordeum spontaneum blue endosperm gene (Ble) and two esterase loci (Est4, Est11) with marker genes on barley chromosome 3. BGN 21:60-61.

Netsvetaev, V.P. 1993. Chromosomal location of Est12 and Amy2 in barley. BGN 22:42-43.

Steffenson, B.J., L.K. Prom, B. Salas, T.G. Fetch. Jr., D.M. Wesenberg, and H.E. Bockelman. 1996. Severity of Fusarium head blight and concentration of deoxynivalenol in near-isogenic lines of barley differing for several agronomic characters. p. 774-776. In A.E. Slinkard, G.J. Scoles, and B.G. Rossnagel (eds.) Proc. Fifth Int. Oat Conf. & Seventh Int. Barley Genet. Symp., Saskatoon. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.