Page
87 . . . . BGS 51; Rattail spike
88 . . . . BGS 52; Chlorina seedling 15
89 . . . . BGS 53; Albino seedling 2
90 . . . . BGS 55; Chlorina seedling 1
91 . . . . BGS 56; White streak 4
92 . . . . BGS 57; Elongated outer glume
94 . . . . BGS 58; Six-rowed spike 1
95 . . . . BGS 59; Grandpa
96 . . . . BGS 60; Liguleless
97 . . . . BGS 61; Triple awned lemma
98 . . . . BGS 62; Subjacent hood
99 . . . . BGS 63; Virescent seedling 1
100 . . . BGS 64; Desynapsis 7
101 . . . BGS 65; Early maturity 1
103 . . . BGS 66; Six-rowed spike 1 (two-rowed spike)
104 . . . BGS 67; Six-rowed spike 1 (deficiens spike)
105 . . . BGS 68; Purple veined lemma
106 . . . BGS 69; Toothed lemma
107 . . . BGS 70; Reaction to Puccinia hodei 1 (barley leaf rust)
108 . . . BGS 71; Compositum
109 . . . BGS 72; Globosum-c
110 . . . BGS 73; Angustifolium-a
111 . . . BGS 74; Extra floret-c
112 . . . BGS 75; Awnless
113 . . . BGS 76; Red lemma and pericarp 2
115 . . . BGS 77; Short culm
116 . . . BGS 78; Mottled leaf 4
117 . . . BGS 79; White streak 7
118 . . . BGS 80; Anthocyanin-less 2
119 . . . BGS 81; Glossy sheath 7
120 . . . BGS 82; Zeocriton 1
121 . . . BGS 83; Slender dwarf 2
122 . . . BGS 84; Midseason stripe 1
123 . . . BGS 85; Yellow streak 4
124 . . . BGS 86; Chlorina seedling 13
125 . . . BGS 87; Chlorina seedling 14
126 . . . BGS 88; Reaction to Puccinia hordei 2 (barley leaf rust)
128 . . . BGS 89; Breviaristatum-g
129 . . . BGS 90; Erectoides-j
130 . . . BGS 91; Erectoides-q
131 . . . BGS 92; Erectoides-u
132 . . . BGS 93; Erectoides-zd
133 . . . BGS 94; Albino seedling 4
134 . . . BGS 95; Albino seedling 13
Stock number: BGS 51
Locus name: Rattail spike
Locus symbol: rtt
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1).
Located in chromosome 2HS, about 6.0 cM distal from the fch15 (chlorina
seedling 15) locus (1).
Description:
Spikes are highly modified with numerous immature spikelets and complete
sterility. The arrangement of bracts in the spikelets suggests that they
contain numerous florets. Because the homozygous recessive is completely
sterile, the stock must be maintained in the heterozygous condition (1). A
semidominant interaction between rtt1.a and one version of the normal
allele (Rtt1.b or Rt' ) in Okaiku 3 is reported by Takahashi et
al. (3).
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Goldfoil (PI 5975) (1).
Mutational events:
rtt1.a in Goldfoil (1), Rtt1.b (Rt' ) in Okaiku 3 (OUL011)
(3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
rtt1.a in Goldfoil (GSHO 216).
References:
1. Robertson, D.W. 1967. Linkage studies of various barley mutations
(Hordeum species). Crop Sci. 7:41-42.
2. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and R.G. Shands. 1947. A summary of linkage
studies in barley: Supplement I, 1940-1946. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 39:464-473.
3. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, and I. Moriya. 1976. New find of an allele Rt'
semi-dominant over rt for rattail spike. BGN 6:74.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:111.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:87.
Stock number: BGS 52
Locus name: Chlorina seedling 15
Locus symbol: fch15
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Orange seedling = or (2).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (2).
Located in chromosome 2HS, about 18.5 cM distal from the fch1 (chlorina
seedling 1) locus (1, 2).
Description:
The normal color of seedlings is altered to "apricot yellow" when plants are
grown in the field under low temperature. Plants respond to higher temperatures
and may be grown to maturity in suitable environments (2, 3). The yellow plant
color is stable nearly to maturity (3).
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Trebi (PI 537442) (2).
Mutational events:
fch15.x (or1.a) in Trebi (Trebi IV) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
fch15.x in Trebi (GSHO 49).
References:
1. Robertson, D.W. 1967. Linkage studies of various barley mutations
(Hordeum species). Crop Sci. 7:41-42.
2. Robertson, D.W., and O.H. Coleman. 1940. The addition of two factors for
chlorophyll-deficient seedlings to the linkage groups of barley. J. Genet.
39:401-410.
3. Tsuchiya, T. 1971. Viability of or (orange seedling) homozygotes. BGN
1:65-66.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:112.
Revised:
T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:104.
J.D. Franckowiak and A. Hang. 1997. BGN 26:88.
Stock number: BGS 53
Locus name: Albino seedling 2
Locus symbol: abo2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Albino 1 = a1 (2).
Albino seedling 2 = a2 (4).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 2).
Located in chromosome 2HS, about 13.0 cM distal from the fch1 (chlorina
seedling 1) locus (4), about 5.5 cM proximal from the fch15 (chlorina
seedling 15) locus (4), and over 9.4 cM distal from the msg2 (male
sterile genetic 2) locus (3).
Description:
Seedlings lack normal pigmentation; they are white and die at a two or three
leaf stage (1, 2). Robertson's notes indicate that an albino 4 stock
[abo4 (a4)] may have been used in his linkage studies instead of
the albino 2 stock [abo2 (a2)] (4). The abo2.b gene must
be maintained as a heterozygous stock.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in an unknown cultivar (1).
Mutational events:
abo2.b in Nilsson-Ehle No 2 (3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
abo2.b in Nilsson-Ehle No 2 (GSHO 70).
References:
1. Hallqvist, C. 1926. Koppelungen und synthetische Lethalität bei den
Chlorophyllfaktoren der Gerste. Hereditas 8:229-254.
2. Nilsson-Ehle, H. 1922. Über freie Kombination und Koppelung
verschiedener Chlorophyllerbeinheiten bei Gerste. Hereditas 3:191-199.
3. Rahman, M.M., and R.F. Eslick. 1975. Linkage of male sterile genes with
seedling lethal genes. BGN 5:42-44.
4. Robertson, D.W. 1967. Linkage studies of various barley mutations
(Hordeum species). Crop Sci. 7:41-42.
Prepared:
T.E. Haus and T. Tsuchiya. 1971. BGN 1:113.
Revised:
T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:105.
A. Hang and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:89.
Stock number: BGS 55
Locus name: Chlorina seedling 1
Locus symbol: fch1
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Chlorina seedling = f (4).
Light green = lg (3).
Light green 8 = lg8 (2).
Light green 10 = lg10 (2).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 3, 4).
Located in chromosome 2HS (1, 8), in the centromeric region and about 4.0 cM
distal from the eog (elongated outer glume) locus (1, 5).
Description:
Seedling and immature leaves are very pale yellow-green (chlorophyll deficient)
(4). The leaves gradually change to a green color beginning with the leaf tip.
Plants may grow to maturity in the field, but they have a slightly yellow-green
color and are stunted easily by stress.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Golden (Gull, CIho 1145, GSHO 466) (4).
Mutational events:
fch1.a in Gull (4, 7); fch1.p (lg) (Minn 80, GSHO 548) (3,
7); fch1.q (lg8) (No 155, GSHO 8) (2, 6); and fch1.r
(lg10) (No 157, GSHO 154) in Himalaya (CIho 1312) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
fch1.a in Minn 84-7 (GSHO 112); fch1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*9
(GSHO 1886).
References:
1. Hallqvist, C. 1926. Koppelungen und synthetische Lethalität bei den
Chlorophyllfaktoren der Gerste. Hereditas 8:229-254.
2. Haus, T.E. 1973. Allelism among light green, lg, seedling mutants.
BGN 3:17-18.
3. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics
28:419-420.
4. Nilsson-Ehle, H. 1922. Über freie Kombination und Koppelung
verschiedener Chlorophyllerbeinheiten bei Gerste. Hereditas 3:191-199.
5. Robertson, D.W., G.W. Deming, and D. Koonce. 1932. Inheritance in barley. J.
Agric. Res. 44:445-466.
6. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and R.G. Shands. 1947. A summary of linkage
studies in barley: Supplement I, 1940-1946. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 39:464-473.
7. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Allelism of f for chlorina and lg for light
green (chlorina) in chromosome 2S in barley. BGN 4:79.
8. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1973. Further information on telotrisomic
analysis in barley. BGN 3:75-79.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:115.
Revised:
T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:106.
J.D. Franckowiak and A. Hang. 1997. BGN 26:90.
Stock number: BGS 56
Locus name: White streak 4
Locus symbol: wst4
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (2).
Located in chromosome 2HL (1, 2, 3), about 6.5 cM distal from the eog
(elongated outer glume) locus (2).
Description:
Mutants grown at low temperatures exhibit numerous, wide, chlorotic (white)
streaks on developing leaves. If temperatures are continuously low, plants
appear highly chlorotic. As temperature rises, the white streaks gradually
disappear. Exposure to 3 C for two weeks after sowing is sufficient to induce
distinct streaks in the first and second leaves (2).
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Kanyo 7 (OUK651) (2).
Mutational events:
wst4.d in Kanyo 7 (OUL068) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
wst4.d in Kanyo 7 (GSHO 568); wst4.d in Bowman (PI 483237)*4
(GSHO 1905).
References:
1. Singh, R.J., and T. Tsuchiya. 1974. Further information on telotrisomic
analysis in barley. BGN 4:66-69.
2. Takahashi, R., and I. Moriya. 1969. Inheritance and linkage studies in
barley. IV. Linkages of four variegated mutants. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw.
Biol., Okayama Univ. 15:35-46.
3. Tsuchiya, T. 1972. Cytogenetics of telotrisomics in barley. BGN 2:93-98.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:116.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:91.
Stock number: BGS 57
Locus name: Elongated outer glume
Locus symbol: eog
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Extended outer glumes = e (7).
Wide glumes = w (7).
Macrolepis = lep-e (lep-a) (5, 10, 11).
Long outer glume = log (12).
Elongated outer glume = e (3, 12).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 2, 13).
Located in chromosome 2HL (4), about 30.5 cM proximal from the vrs1
(six-rowed spike 1) locus (3, 8).
Description:
A multiple allelic series exists at this locus which controls increased size of
the outer glumes (glumes) of the spikelet. Glume width varies from 2.5 to 4.0
mm depending on genetic background and specific allele (13, 14). Glume awn
length varies from awnless to nearly as long as the lemma awn (92 mm) depending
on the eog allele present and genes at other loci (7, 13), but some
confusion has occurred regarding alleles at the eog locus and expression
of other glume characteristics (12, 13). The size of the glume may range from
less than twice normal width in CIho 14955 to lemma-like glumes in Triple
Bearded Mariout.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant and natural occurrence in a few cultivars (1, 13).
Mutational events:
eog1.a in Triple Bearded Mariout (CIho 2523) (4, 13); lep-e.1,
-e.2 in Gull (CIho 1145), -e.3, -e.4, -e.5, -e.6, -e.7, -e.8, -e.9,
-e.10, -e.11, -e.12, -e.13, -e.29, -e.34, -e.42, -e.45, -e.49, -e.50, -e.51,
-e.52, -e.53, -e.54 in Bonus (PI 189763), -e.14, -e.15, -e.16, -e.17,
-e.18, -e.19, -e.20, -e.21, -e.22, -e.23, -e.24, -e.25, -e.26, -e.27, -e.28,
-e.30, -e.31, -e.32, -e.33, -e.38 in Foma (CIho 11333), -e.35, -e.36,
-e.37, -e.39, -e.40, -e.41, -e.43, -e.44, -e.46, -e.47, -e.48 in Kristina
(5, 9, 10, 11); eog1.b in PI 173567 (G 8) (14); eog1.c in CIho
14955; eog1.d (Mut 3447/64) in Proctor (PI 280420) (6).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
eog1.a in Triple Bearded Mariout (GSHO 29); lep-e.1 in Gull (GSHO
960); eog1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1891); eog1.c from
CIho 14955 in Bowman*7 (GSHO 1892).
References:
1. Biffen, R.H. 1906. Experiments on the hybridisation of barleys. Proc.
Cambridge Phil. Soc. 13:304-308.
2. Biffen, R.H. 1907. Studies in the inheritance of disease-resistance. J.
Agric. Sci. 2:109-128.
3. Bose, R.D., M.A. Aziz, and M.P. Bhatnagar. 1937. Studies in Indian barleys.
IV. The inheritance of some anatomical characters responsible for lodging and
of some ear-head characters in an interspecific cross between two Pusa barleys.
Indian J. Agric. Sci. 7:48-88.
4. Griffee, F. 1925. Correlated inheritance of botanical characters in barley,
and the manner of reaction to Helminthosporium sativum. J. Agric. Res.
30:915-925.
5. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A
proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv.
Hereditas 62:409-414.
6. Häuser, H., and G. Fischbeck. 1972. Translocations and genetic analysis
of other mutants. BGN 2:28-29.
7. Hor, K.S. 1924. Interrelations of genetic factors in barley. Genetics
9:151-180.
8. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics
28:419-440.
9. Lundqvist, U. 1994. Coordinator's report: Ear morphology genes. BGN
23:175-176.
10. Nötzel, H. 1952. Genetische Untersuchungen an röntgeninduzierten
Gerstenmutanten. Kühn-Archiv. 66:72-132.
11. Nybom, N. 1954. Mutation types in barley. Acta Agric. Scand. 4:430-456.
12. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and R.G. Shands. 1955. A summary of linkage
studies in cultivated barley, Hordeum species: Supplement II, 1947-1953.
Agron. J. 47:418-425.
13. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Preliminary results on genetic studies of outer glume
characters in barley. BGN 4:76-78.
14. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Further results of allelism testing in barley. BGN
4:82-85.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya. 1975. BGN 5:101.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:92-93.
Stock number: BGS 58
Locus name: Six-rowed spike 1
Locus symbol: vrs1.c = lr
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Reduced lateral spikelet appendage on the lemma = lr (3).
Reduced lateral spikelet appendage on the lemma = vlr (5).
Inheritance:
An incomplete dominant in the multiple allelic series at the vrs1
(six-rowed spike 1) locus (1, 3, 5).
Located in chromosome 2HL (3), about 15.4 cM distal from the Gth
(toothed lemma) locus (6), and 26.5 cM distal from the eog (elongated
outer glume) locus (2).
Description:
The spike has long awns on the lemma of the central spikelet and awn-like
appendages on the lemma of the lateral spikelets (1, 5). Lateral spikelets have
perfect flowers and complete fertility. The lr trait is expressed only
in six-rowed barley, and heterozygotes have a short awn on the lemma of lateral
spikelets (3, 5). Since recombination with neither vrs1.a (v)
nor Vrs1.b (V) alleles was observed (3, 5), the lr or
vrs1.c phenotype is likely controlled by an allele at the vrs1 locus
(5). The Bowman backcross-derived line for the vrs1.c gene has short,
stiff awns on the central spikelets (about 1/3 normal length) and no awns on
the lateral spikelets.
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in Nudihaxtoni (PI 32368) (1) and Bozu types of barley (4,
5).
Mutational events:
vrs1.c (lr) in Hordeum intermedium var Nudihaxtoni (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
vrs1.c (lr) in Hordeum intermedium var Nudihaxtoni (GSHO
153); vrs1.c in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1908).
References:
1. Glinyany, N.P. 1937. Inheritance of awns and furcas (hoods) in crosses
between Hordeum vulgare var. Nudihaxtoni X Hordeum vulgare
var. Trifurcatum. Bull. Appl. Bot., Genet. & Pl. Breed. II.
7:355-376. [In Russian with English summary.]
2. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics
28:419-440.
3. Leonard, W.H. 1942. Inheritance of reduced lateral spikelet appendages in
the Nudihaxtoni variety of barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 34:211-221.
4. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1982. Studies on classification and
inheritance of barley varieties having awnless or short-awned lateral spikelets
(Bozu barley). II. Mode of inheritance and spike characteristics of Bozu
barley. Nogaku Kenyu 60:25-37. [In Japanese with English summary.]
5. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and S. Yasuda. 1982. Studies on
classification and inheritance of barley varieties having awnless or
short-awned lateral spikelets (Bozu barley). I. Variation of awn types and
classification. Nogaku Kenyu 60:13-24. [In Japanese with English summary.]
6. Wexelsen, H. 1934. Quantitative inheritance and linkage in barley. Hereditas
18:307-308.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:118.
Revised:
T. Konishi and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:94.
Stock number: BGS 59
Locus name: Grandpa
Locus symbol: gpa
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Grandpa = gp (1).
Grandpa 2 = gp2 (5, 6).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1).
Located in chromosome 2HL (4, 5), about 24.5 cM distal from the lig
(liguleless) locus (3).
Description:
Seedlings display a pattern of transverse of alternating white and green bands
on the first, second, and occasionally the third foliage leaves. Plants have a
slightly pale green color prior to heading. Grandpa plants are sensitive to
flooding and produce an albino flag leaf, peduncle, and spike (3). Plants are
viable in the field, but the seed is thin and yields are low (4).
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Lyallpur (NSL 40271) isolated by GA Wiebe (2).
Mutational events:
gpa1.a in Lyallpur (CIho 6854, GSHO 519) (2); gpa1.b (gp2)
in Montcalm (CIho 7149) (3, 5, 6).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
gpa1.b in Montcalm (GSHO 1379); gpa1.b in Bowman (PI 483237)*7
(GSHO 1934).
References:
1. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics
28:419-440.
2. Martini, M.L., and H. V. Harlan. 1942. Barley freaks. J. Hered.
33:339-343.
3. Matchett, R.W., H.G. Nass, and D.W. Robertson. 1971. Inheritance and linkage
studies with the grandpa gene in barley, Hordeum vulgare L. Can. J.
Genet. Cytol. 13:489-498.
4. Matchett, R.W., B.M. Pollock, and D.W. Robertson. 1968. The "grandpa" gene:
A chlorophyll mutation in Hordeum species. J. Hered. 59:279-282.
5. Tsuchiya, T. 1971. Trisomic analysis of grandpa 2 (gp2). BGN 1:62.
6. Walker, G.W.R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller, and K.J. Kasha. 1963. Recent barley
mutants and their linkages II. Genetic data for further mutants. Can. J. Genet.
Cytol. 5:200-219.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:119.
Revised:
T. Tsuchiya. 1980. BGN 10:107.
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:95.
Stock number: BGS 60
Locus name: Liguleless
Locus symbol: lig
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Ligule and auricle less = al (8).
Liguleless = li (7).
Exauriculum = aur-a (1).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (8).
Located in chromosome 2HL (5, 8, 9); about 25.1 cM distal from the mtt4
(mottled leaf 4) locus (2), and about 9.2 cM proximal from the Zeo1
(Zeocriton 1) locus (5).
Description:
The ligule and auricle of all leaves are absent, and the leaf blades are erect
along the stem. Liguleless plants can be identified visually at all stages of
growth (8). Reverse mutation of some mutants is possible (3). The fine
structure analysis of the lig locus conducted by Konishi (4) shows that
some mutants can recombine.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in an unknown cultivar, Muyoji (liguleless) (8).
Mutational events:
lig1.my as Muyoji (OUL007) (8); lig1.ky in Koyo (PI 190819),
lig1.a1 (OUM001), lig1.a2 in Akashinriki (PI 467400, OUJ659);
lig1.c1, lig1.c2, lig1.c3, lig1.c4 in Chikurin Ibaraki 1 (OUJ030, CIho
7370) (4); aur-a.1 (lig1.b1), aur-a.2 (lig1.b2),
aur-a.7 (lig1.b7), aur-a.8 (lig1.b8), aur-a.9
(lig1.b9) in Bonus (PI 189763), aur-a.3
(lig1.b3), aur-a.4 (lig1.b4), aur-a.5
(lig1.b5), aur-a.6 (lig1.b6), aur-a.10
(lig1.b10) in Foma (CIho 11333) (4); aur-a.11, aur-a.12 in
Kristina, aur-a.13, aur-a.14 in Bonus, aur-a.15 in Golf (PI
488529) (6).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
lig1.my as Muyoji (GSHO 6); lig1.my in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO
1930).
References:
1. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A
proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv.
Hereditas 62:409-414.
2. Hayashi, J., T. Konishi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and
linkage studies in barley. VI. Ten mutant genes located on chromosomes 1 to 7,
except 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:227-250.
3. Konishi, T. 1975. Reverse mutation at the ligule-less locus (li) of
barley. BGN 5:21-23.
4. Konishi, T. 1981. Reverse mutation and interallelic recombination at the
ligule-less locus in barley. p. 838-845. In M.J.C. Ascher, R.P. Ellis,
A.M. Hayter, and R.N.H. Whitehouse. (eds.) Barley Genetics. IV. Proc. Fourth
Int. Barley Genet. Symp. Edinburgh. Edinburgh University Press.
5. Luna Villafaña, A. 1995. Mapping marker genes in chromosome 2 of
barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
6. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
7. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and R.G. Shands. 1955. A summary of linkage
studies in barley: Supplement II, 1947-1953. Agron. J. 47:418-425.
8. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda, and Y. Itano. 1953. Inheritance and
linkage studies in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.
9. Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:28-32.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:120.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak, U. Lundqvist, and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:96.
Stock number: BGS 61
Locus name: Triple awned lemma
Locus symbol: trp
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Triple-bearded variation (3).
Triple awned lemma = tr (2).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (2).
Located in chromosome 2HL (2, 4), over 35.5 cM distal from the wst7
(white streak 7) locus (1).
Description:
Mutants may have three awns on the lemma instead of one, but expression is
variable (3). The awn or hood on the lemma of the central spikelet forks to
produce one normal central appendage and one or two shorter lateral ones (2).
Expression in the Bowman backcross-derived line is reduced to an occasional
branch on the awn.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in an unknown cultivar (3).
Mutational events:
trp1.a in Triple-awn lemma (CIho 6630) (3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
trp1.a in CIho 6630 (GSHO 210); trp1.a from CIho 6880
(Ahang/Twisted Flag//Triple-awn Lemma) in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1936).
References:
1. Doney, D.L. 1961. An inheritance and linkage study of barley with special
emphasis on purple pigmentation of the auricle. M.S. Thesis. Utah State Univ.,
Logan.
2. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics
28:419-440.
3. Martini, M.L., and H.V. Harlan. 1942. Barley freaks. J. Hered. 33:338-343.
4. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1973. Further information on telotrisomic
analysis in barley. BGN 3:75-79.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:121.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:97.
Stock number: BGS 62
Locus name: Subjacent hood
Locus symbol: sbk
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Subjacent hood = sk (5).
Hooded awn 2 = k2 (8).
Hoods = kr (7).
Calcaroides-d = cal-d (1, 3).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (4, 5).
Located in chromosome 2HS (4, 5, 6), over 30.4 cM distal from the eog
(elongated outer glume) locus and probably a little distal from the com2
(compositum 2) locus (2).
Description:
The spike of this mutant is similar to that of Kap (hooded lemma), but
the central cup-like cavity of the lemma appendage or its modification is
situated somewhat below the top of the lemma, and no lemma wings exist with the
hood. There are no rudiments of a floral organ within the hood-like cavity (4,
5). In the homozygous condition, the sbk1.a gene is epistatic to
Kap1.a and to Lks1.a (awnless) genes (4). The Bowman
backcross-derived line with the sbk1.a gene is earlier, shorter, and
less vigorous than the recurrent parent.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant identified as Tayeh 13 (OUC335) (4).
Mutational events:
sbk1.a in Tayeh 13 (4); cal-d.4 (GSHO 1697) in Foma (CIho
11333), -d.14 in Kristina, -d.18, -d.22 in Bonus (PI 189763) (3);
sbk1.b (kr) in Montcalm (CIho 7149) (7).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
sbk1.a in Tayeh 13 (GSHO 267); sbk1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*7
(GSHO 1874); cal-d.4 in Bowman*3 (GSHO 1875).
References:
1. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A
proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv.
Hereditas 62:409-414.
2. Luna Villafaña, A. 1995. Mapping marker genes in chromosome 2 of
barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
3. Lundqvist, U. 1993. Coordinator's report: Ear morphology genes. BGN
22:137-139.
4. Takahashi, R., and J. Hayashi. 1966. Inheritance and linkage studies in
barley. II. Assignment of several new mutant genes to their respective linkage
groups by the trisomic method of analysis. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol.,
Okayama Univ. 13:185-198.
5. Takahashi, R., J. Yamamoto, S. Yasuda, and Y. Itano. 1953. Inheritance and
linkage studies in barley. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Forsch. 10:29-52.
6. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1973. Further information on telotrisomic
analysis in barley. BGN 3:75-79.
7. Walker, G.W.R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller, and K.J. Kasha. 1963. Recent barley
mutants and their linkages II. Genetic data for further mutants. Can. J. Genet.
Cytol. 5:200-219.
8. Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:92-94.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:122.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:98.
Stock number: BGS 63
Locus name: Virescent seedling 1
Locus symbol: yvs1
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Yellow seedling 1 = y (1, 3).
Xantha (yellow) seedling x = yx (5).
Yellow seedling x = yx (4).
Albina seedling-c = alb-c (9).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 6, 7).
Located in chromosome 2HS (5), over 13.7 cM proximal from the fch15
(chlorina seedling 15) locus and about 2.0 cM proximal from the fch1
(chlorina seedling 1) locus (2, 6).
Description:
Virescent seedlings have a slightly green tip, but fail to survive beyond the
seedling stage (5, 7). Recessive alleles at the yvs1 locus must be
maintained as heterozygous stocks.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in a Swedish cultivar (1, 7).
Mutational events:
yvs1.a in a Swedish cultivar (1, 6); yvs1.b
(yx) (GSHO 62) in Faust I (CIho 4579) (5); alb-c.7 in
Gull (CIho 1145) (8, 9, 10).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
yvs1.a in Minn 72-8 (GSHO 68).
References:
1. Hallqvist, C. 1924. Chlorophyllmutanten bei Gerste. Ihre Entstehung und
primären Spaltungen. Hereditas 5:49-83.
2. Immer, F.R., and M.T. Henderson. 1943. Linkage studies in barley. Genetics
28:419-440.
3. Nilsson-Ehle, H. 1922. Über freie Kombination und Koppelung
verschiedener Chlorophyllerbeinheiten bei Gerste. Hereditas 3:191-199.
4. Robertson, D.W. 1971. Recent information of linkage and chromosome mapping.
p. 200-242. In R.A. Nilan (ed.) Barley Genetics II. Proc. Second Int.
Barley Genet. Symp., Pullman, WA, 1969. Washington State Univ. Press,
Pullman.
5. Robertson, D.W., and O. H. Coleman. 1940. The addition of two factors for
chlorophyll-deficient seedlings to the linkage groups of barley. J. Genet.
39:401-410.
6. Robertson, D.W., and O. H. Coleman. 1942. Location of glossy and yellow
seedlings in two linkage groups. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 34:1028-1034.
7. Robertson, D.W., G.W. Deming, and D. Koonce. 1932. Inheritance in barley. J.
Agric. Res. 44:445-466.
8. Simpson, D.J., and D. von Wettstein. 1992. Coordinator's report: Nuclear
genes affecting the chloroplast. Stock list of mutants kept at the Carlsberg
Laboratory. BGN 21:102-108.
9. Wettstein, D. von, and K. Kristiansen. 1973. Stock list for nuclear gene
mutants affecting the chloroplast. BGN 3:113-117.
10. Wettstein, D. von, and K. Kristiansen. 1982. Chloroplast gene: Progress
report II on diallelic tests between mapped chloroplast genes and chloroplast
genes in stock collection at Copenhagen. BGN 12:93-94.
Prepared:
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1971. BGN 1:114 as BGS 54, Yellow seedling,
yx.
T. Tsuchiya and T.E. Haus. 1972. BGN 2:180.
Revised:
A. Hang and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:99.
Stock number: BGS 64
Locus name: Desynapsis 7
Locus symbol: des7
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (3).
Located in chromosome 2H (1).
Description:
The chromosomes are paired during the pachytene stage of microsporogenesis, but
they undergo desynapsis during diplotene. The degree of desynapsis is
d = 6.1 +/- 2.6, ranging from 7 ring bivalents (d = 0) to 14 univalents (d =
14). Many univalents split longitudinally during anaphase I. Lagging
chromosomes and micronuclei are observed frequently at telophase I. Microspore
quartets contain an average of 3.0 micronuclei per tetrad with a range of 0 to
13. Female fertility is about 33%, and about 13% of the selfed seeds are
trisomics (1).
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Betzes (PI 129430) (2, 3).
Mutational events:
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
des7.j in Betzes (GSHO 598).
References:
1. Hernandez-Soriano, J.M. 1973. Desynaptic mutants in Betzes barley. M.S.
Thesis. Univ. of Arizona, Tucson.
2. Ramage, R.T., and J.M. Hernandez-Soriano. 1971. Desynaptic genes in Betzes
barley. BGN 1:38.
3. Ramage, R.T., and J.M. Hernandez-Soriano. 1972. Desynaptic genes in barley.
BGN 2:65-68.
Prepared:
J.M. Hernandez-Soriano, R.T. Ramage, and R.F. Eslick. 1973. BGN 3:130.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:100.
Stock number: BGS 65
Locus name: Early maturity
Locus symbol: Eam1
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Early maturity = Ea (3).
Photoperiod response 1 = Ppd-H1 (5).
Early maturity 1 = Ea1 (2).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial dominant (3, 7).
Located in chromosome 2HS (1, 3, 6, 7), about 23.1 cM distal from the
com2 (compositum 2) locus (6).
Description:
This gene controls the strong response of some cultivars to photoperiod. The
Eam1 gene is described as a simply inherited dominant and the main
factor for early maturity (1, 2, 3, 8). Under long-day condition, a
near-isogenic line with Eam1 is reported to be 7 to 8 days earlier than
the eam1 line 'ea1' (9). The early maturity gene is weakly linked to the
vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus (1, 8, 10). In North Dakota, USA,
progenies from crosses of Bowman to Hordeum vulgare subsp
spontaneum and Coast, facultative winter, northern spring (from Finland and
Alaska), and winter types of barley, extremely early segregates are found. A
linkage between early maturity and malformed spikes (com2) is observed
when an accession from the ICARDA-CIMMYT collection of barley freaks is
backcrossed to Bowman. Positive linkage data are found also in progenies from
some crosses between a line having the com2 - eam1 recombinant and early
segregates from the above crosses (2, 6). The Eam1 locus in barley is
likely homoeologous to the Ppd1, Ppd2, and Ppd3 loci in
wheat, which control strong photoperiod response (5).
Origin of mutant:
The strong photoperiod response to short nights occurs naturally in many barley
cultivars and its wild relative, Hordeum vulgare subsp
spontaneum.
Mutational events:
A single dominant gene controls early maturity based on a cross to Lion
(Eam1.b) (PI 32767, GSHO 27) (3); Eam1.e (GSHO 1569) isolated as
Prior (PI 221325) as a mutant or outcross (4, 9); eam1.a is the normal
allele in Manchurian six-rowed cultivars (2, 9); eam1.a is the allele
present likely in most two-rowed cultivars from Europe (9).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Eam1.c in Estate (PI 57700, GSHO 1316); Eam1.c in Bowman (PI
483237)*7 (GSHO 1871); Eam1.d from KT1031 (a winter barley from
Bulgaria, GSHO 1568) in Bowman*9 (GSHO 1872); Eam1.e from Prior in
Betzes*7 (Erbet, CIho 13826) (4).
References:
1. Barbacki, S. 1930. [Studies in barley. II. Variability and inheritance of
some physiological characters. The importance of breeding characters]. Men.
Inst. Nat. Polon. Ec. Rur. Pu awy 11:579-610. [In Polish with English summary.]
2. Franckowiak, J.D. 1992. Mapping a gene for photoperiod sensitivity in
barley. Agron. Abstr. 1992:96.
3. Griffee, F. 1925. Correlated inheritance of botanical characters in barley,
and the manner of reaction to Helminthosporium sativum. J. Agric. Res.
30:915-935.
4. Hockett, E.A., and R.F. Eslick. 1972. Registration of Erbet barley (reg. no.
127). Crop Sci. 12:712-713.
5. Laurie, D.A., N. Pratchett, J.H. Bezant, and J.W. Snape. 1994. Genetic
analysis of a photoperiod response gene on the short arm of chromosome 2 (2H)
of Hordeum vulgare (barley). Heredity 72:619-627.
6. Luna Villafaña, A. 1995. Mapping marker genes in chromosome 2 of
barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
7. Mackie, W.W. 1926. Inheritance of resistance to Helminthosporium
californium in a cross between Chevalier barley, a resistant variety,
and Abyssinian, a susceptible variety. Phytopathology 16:764. [Abstr.]
8. Neatby, K.W. 1929. An analysis of the inheritance of quantitative characters
and linkage in barley. Sci. Agric. 9:701-718.
9. Smail, V.W., R.F. Eslick, and E.A. Hockett. 1986. Effect of genetically and
environmentally induced heading date differences on yield and adaptation of an
isogenic barley pair. Crop Sci. 26:889-893.
10. Wexelsen, H. 1934. Quantitative inheritance and linkage in barley.
Hereditas 17:307-348.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak and L.W. Gallagher. 1997. BGN 26:101-102.
Stock number: BGS 66
Locus name: Six-rowed spike 1 (two-rowed spike)
Locus symbol: Vrs1.d = Vd
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Two-rowed barley or Hordeum distichon = Vd
(5).
Renamed Vrs1.d based on allelism tests.
Inheritance:
A partially dominant allele in the multiple allelic series at the vrs1
(six-rowed spike 1) locus (4).
Located in chromosome 2HL, about 15.4 cM proximal from the Gth (toothed
lemma) locus (3), and 30.5 cM from the eog (elongated outer glume) locus
(2).
Description:
Plants homozygous for Vrs1.d have more lateral kernels than those with
Vrs1.b (V) (5), which is the common allele in two-rowed barley.
Homozygosity for the Vrs1.d allele and the int-c.b (formerly
i) allele at the int-c (intermedium spike-c) locus prevents the
development of ovules and awns in lateral spikelets. The Vrs1.d allele
interacts with the Int-c.a (formerly I) allele to cause
development of a few fertile lateral spikelets. Presence of the Int-c.h
(formerly Ih) allele contributes to a greater number of
lateral kernels than Int-c.a (1).
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in some two-rowed barley cultivars.
Mutational events:
Vrs1.d or Vd in Svanhals (PI 5474) (5).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Vrs1.d or Vd in Svanhals (GSHO 346).
References:
1. Gymer, P.T. 1977. Probable allelism of Ii and int-c genes. BGN 7:34-35.
2. Swenson, S.P., and D.G. Wells. 1944. The linkage relation of four genes in
chromosome 1 of barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 36:429-435.
3. Wexelsen, H. 1934. Quantitative inheritance and linkage in barley. Hereditas
18:307-308.
4. Woodward, R.W. 1947. The Ih, I, i allels in Hordeum
deficiens genotypes of barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 39:474-482.
5. Woodward, R.W. 1949. The inheritance of fertility in the lateral florets of
the four barley groups. Agron. J. 41:317-322.
Prepared:
T.E. Haus. 1975. BGN 5:104.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:103.
Stock number: BGS 67
Locus name: Six-rowed spike 1 (deficiens spike)
Locus symbol: Vrs1.t = Vt
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Hordeum deficiens =Vt (4).
Renamed Vrs1.t based on allelism tests.
Inheritance:
The Vrs1.t allele is the most dominant allele in the multiple allelic
series at the vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus (4), but interacts as an
incomplete dominant with some alleles.
Located in chromosome 2HL (1), about 15.4 cM distal from the Gth
(toothed lemma) locus (3), and 30.5 cM distal from the eog (elongated
outer glume) locus (1).
Description:
Plants homozygous for Vrs1.t (Vt) allele always have a
deficiens phenotype regardless of the allele present at the int-c
(intermedium spike-c) locus in chromosome 4H. Deficiens is characterized by the
extreme reduction in size of the lateral spikelet (4). The Vrs1.t allele
in Engleawnless does not recombine with the Lks1.a allele at the
Lks1 (awnless) locus because a short paracentric inversion is present in
this stock (2).
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in two-rowed barleys previously classified as Hordeum
deficiens.
Mutational events:
Vrs1.t or Vt in White Deficiens (CIho 7316) (5).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Vrs1.t or Vt in White Deficiens (GSHO 684);
Vrs1.t in Bowman (PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 1909).
References:
1. Swenson, S.P., and D.G. Wells. 1944. The linkage relation of four genes in
chromosome 1 of barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 36:429-435.
2. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1972. Another case of paracentric inversion in
a genetic stock, Engleawnless. BGN 2:110-111.
3. Wexelsen, H. 1934. Quantitative inheritance and linkage in barley. Hereditas
18:307-308.
4. Woodward, R.W. 1947. The Ih, I, i allels in Hordeum
deficiens genotypes of barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 39:474-482.
5. Woodward, R.W. 1949. The inheritance of fertility in the lateral florets of
the four barley groups. Agron. J. 41:317-322.
Prepared:
T.E. Haus. 1975. BGN 5:105.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:104.
Stock number: BGS 68
Locus name: Purple veined lemma
Locus symbol: Pvc
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Purple veined lemma = C (1).
Purple veined lemma = Pc (1).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial dominant (2), but Buckley suggested that three pairs of genes
controlled expression of purple pigmentation of lemma veins (1).
Located in chromosome 2HL (1, 2), about 22.2 cM distal from the vrs1
(six-rowed spike 1) locus (1).
Description:
Purple pigment is produced by the presence of anthocyanins. When Pvc is
expressed, purple pigmentation of the kernel is confined mainly to the lemma
veins (1). The pigments are formed late during grain fill when the lemma is
exposed to sunlight, and they tend to fade as the spike matures.
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in some cultivars and in some Hordeum vulgare subsp
spontaneum accessions.
Mutational events:
Pvc1.a in Buckley 2223-6 (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Pvc1.a in Buckley 2223-6 (GSHO 132); Pvc1.a from R.I. Wolfe's
Multiple Dominant Stock (GSHO 1565) in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1929).
References:
1. Buckley, G.F.H. 1930. Inheritance in barley with special reference to the
color of caryopsis and lemma. Sci. Agric. 10:460-492.
2. Hayashi, J., R. Takahashi, and I. Moriya. 1977. A linkage of two
complementary genes conditioning anthocyanin pigmentation in barley plants.
Nogaku Kenkyu 56:167-178.
Prepared:
T.E. Haus. 1975. BGN 5:108.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:105.
Stock number: BGS 69
Locus name: Toothed lemma
Locus symbol: Gth
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Toothed lemma = G (2, 5).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial dominant (3, 4).
Located in chromosome 2HL (2, 5), about 15.4 cM proximal from the vrs1
(six-rowed spike 1) locus (1, 2, 5).
Description:
Large teeth or barbs are present on the upper part of lateral lemma nerves. The
barbs are easiest to see on green spikelets. This trait may be difficult to
study because Ubisch (4) reported three sizes of teeth, including one that
could be seen only with magnification. According to Ubisch one gene pair
controls the presence and absence of large teeth and one or two other genes are
responsible for less developed teeth. Segregation for only one pair of factors
is reported by Wexelsen (5) and in subsequent studies.
Origin of mutant:
Gth1.a appears to be the normal allele, the recessive allele
gth1.b is present in most two-rowed barley cultivars of Occidental
origin.
Mutational events:
Gth1.a in Machine (CIho 4982) (5).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Gth1.a in Machine (GSHO 309); Gth1.a in Bowman (PI 483237);
gth1.b from ND11894 in Bowman*4 (GSHO 1897).
References:
1. Finch, R. A., and E. Simpson. 1978. New colours and complementary colour
genes in barley. Z. Pflanzenzücht. 81:40-53.
2. Karpechenko, G.D., and K.V. Ivanova. 1932. Linkage of genes I and G in
barley. Bull. Lab. Genet. Leningrad 9:97-108. [In Russian with English
summary.]
3. Tschermak, E. von. 1901. Über Züchtung neuer Getreiderassen
mittelst künstlicher Kreuzung. Kritisch-historische Betrachtungen.
Zeitschrift für das landwirtschaftliche Versuchswesen Oesterreich
4:1029-1060.
4. Ubisch, G. von. 1919. Beitrag zu einer Faktorenanalyse von Gerste. II. Z.
Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 20:65-117.
5. Wexelsen, H. 1934. Quantitative inheritance and linkage in barley. Hereditas
18:307-348.
Prepared:
T.E. Haus. 1975. BGN 5:109.
Revised:
T.E. Haus. 1978. BGN 8:161.
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:106.
Stock number: BGS 70
Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 1 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph1
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Resistance to Puccinia hordei = Pa1 (8).
Resistance to Puccinia hordei C = C (2).
Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth = Pa (2, 4).
Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth = Rph1a (3).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial incomplete dominant (1, 2).
Located in chromosome 2H (6), probably in the short arm (5).
Description:
The seedling reaction type is 0;n - 1c with race 4
culture 57-19 (4); heterozygotes have reaction types ranging from 1 to 3,
depending on parents (4, 5). Responses will vary for homozygotes and
heterozygotes when different rust cultures are tested (5).
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in Manchuria (CIho 2947) (1, 7).
Mutational events:
Rph1.a in Manchuria (4, 7); Rph1.a in Cape (PI 39403), OAC 21
(CIho 1470) (7); Rph1.a in Oderbrucker (CIho 940) (8); Rph1.a in
Sudan (CIho 6489), Speciale (CIho 7536) (1, 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Rph1.a in Oderbrucker (GSHO 1313).
References:
1. Moseman, J.G., and C.W. Roane. 1959. Physiologic races of barley leaf rust
(Puccinia hordei) isolated in the United States from 1956 to 1958. Plant
Dis. Rep. 43:1000-1003.
2. Roane, C.W. 1962. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia hordei in
barley. I. Genes for resistance among North American race differentiating
varieties. Phytopathology 52:1288-1295.
3. Roane, C.W. 1976. BGS 70, Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth,
Rph1a. BGN 6:120.
4. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1967. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia
hordei in barley. II. Gene symbols for loci in different cultivars.
Phytopathology 57:66-68.
5. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1989. Linkage studies with genes
conditioning leaf rust reaction in barley. Barley Newsl. 33:190-192.
6. Tuleen, N.A., and M.E. McDonald. 1971. Location of genes Pa and
Pa5. Barley Newsl. 15:106-107.
7. Waterhouse, W.L. 1948. Studies in the inheritance of resistance to rust of
barley, II. J. Proc. Royal Soc. New South Wales 81:198-205.
8. Watson, I.A., and F.C. Butler. 1947. Resistance to barley leaf rust
(Puccinia anomala Rostr.). Linnean Soc. New South Wales, Proc.
72:379-386.
Prepared:
C.W. Roane. 1976. BGN 6:120.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak and Y. Jin. 1997. BGN 26:107.
Stock number: BGS 71
Locus name: Compositum 2
Locus symbol: com2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Branching inflorescent, rachilla 2 = bir2 (1, 2).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 4).
Located in chromosome 2HS (1), about 19.7 cM distal from the eog
(elongated outer glume) locus (3).
Description:
The spike is malformed because the rachilla fails to abort and extra spikelets
and rachis branches may form at rachis nodes in the basal half of the spike.
More spike branches may develop under favorable environmental conditions.
Origin of mutant:
An X-ray induced mutant in Donaria (PI 161974) (4).
Mutational events:
com2.f in Donaria (Mut 2201) (4); com2.g from from the
ICARDA-CIMMYT collection of barley freaks (DWS1358) (1); com2.g may be
different from the original source because it carries the Eam1 (early
maturity 1) gene as a linked marker (1, 2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
com2.g in a freak stock from CIMMYT (GSHO 1703); com2.g in Bowman
(PI 483237)*8 (GSHO 1878).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1992. Mapping a gene for photoperiod sensitivity in
barley. Agron. Abstr. 1992:96.
2. Franckowiak, J.D. 1992. Allelism tests among selected semidwarf barleys. BGN
21:17-23.
3. Luna Villafaña, A. 1995. Mapping marker genes in chromosome 2 of
barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
4. Scholz, F., and O. Lehmann. 1958. Die Gaterslebener Mutanten der Saatgerste
in Beziehung zur Formenmannigfaltigkeit der Art Hordeum vulgare L.s.l.I.
Kulturpflanze 6:123-166.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:108.
Stock number: BGS 72
Locus name: Globosum-c
Locus symbol: glo-c
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 3).
Located in chromosome 2H (3).
Description:
The kernels are more rounded or globe-shaped than in the parental cultivar. The
spike is very lax with long rachis internodes (1).
Origin of mutant:
An X-ray induced mutant in Villa (PI 399506) (1).
Mutational events:
glo-c.1004 (1080/72) in Villa (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
glo-c.1004 in Villa (GSHO 1329); glo-c.1004 in Bowman (PI
483237)*4 (GSHO 1879).
References:
1. Fischbeck, G., and H. Häuser. 1976. Research notes. BGN 6:28-29.
2. Häuser, H., and G. Fischbeck. 1978. Cytogenetic studies of some induced
barley mutants. BGN 8:36-37.
3. Häuser, J., and G. Fischbeck. 1976. Untersuchungen zur Lokalisierung
einiger Mutationen von Gerste (Hordeum sativum). Z. Pflanzenzücht.
77:269-280.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:109.
Stock number: BGS 73
Locus name: Angustifolium-a
Locus symbol: fol-a
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1), but heterozygotes can be identified based on leaf
width.
Located in chromosome 2HL (1, 2), about 19.0 cM distal from the vrs1
(six-rowed spike 1) locus (3).
Description:
Most organs are reduced in size. Plants have narrow, dark green leaves and a
stunted, grassy growth habit (1, 2). Plant height is about 2/3 normal and
spikes are 1/2 normal. Spikelets are about 2/3 normal size and the kernels are
thin.
Origin of mutant:
An X-ray induced mutant in Proctor (PI 280420) (1, 2).
Mutational events:
fol-a.1 in Proctor (2235/64).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
fol-a.1 in Proctor (GSHO 1744); fol-a.1 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7
(GSHO 1927).
References:
1. Fischbeck, G., and H. Häuser. 1976. Research notes. BGN 6:28-29.
2. Häuser, J., and G. Fischbeck. 1976. Untersuchungen zur Lokalisierung
einiger Mutationen von Gerste (Hordeum sativum). Z. Pflanzenzücht.
77:269-280.
3. Luna Villafaña, A. 1995. Mapping marker genes in chromosome 2 of
barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:110.
Stock number: BGS 74
Locus name: Extra floret-c
Locus symbol: flo-c
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 3).
Located in chromosome 2HS (2), over 33.8 cM from the Gth (toothed lemma)
locus (2).
Description:
Extra bracts develop occasionally at the base of the central spikelet on the
abaxial side. Formation of the extra bracts is most common in the central
portion of the spike, but rarely will the bracts form another spikelet.
Origin of mutant:
An ethylene imine induced mutant in Foma (CIho 11333) (3).
Mutational events:
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
flo-c.5 in Foma (GSHO 1743); flo-c.5 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7
(GSHO 1877).
References:
1. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A
proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv.
Hereditas 62:409-414.
2. Luna Villafaña, A. 1995. Mapping marker genes in chromosome 2 of
barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
3. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
Prepared:
U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:111.
Stock number: BGS 75
Locus name: Awnless
Locus symbol: Lks1
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Awnless = I (Ikeno, see 2).
Awnless = Lk (3).
Awnless = S (6).
Two-rowed-awnless = Vlk (7).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial dominant (2, 3, 5).
Located in chromosome 2HL (2, 3), about 9.6 cM distal from the vrs1
(six-rowed spike 1) locus (6).
Description:
Little or no development of the appendage on the lemma occurs. Heterozygotes
may be awnless (1) or awnletted (3) depending upon the source stock for the
Lks1 gene and the genetic background. The Lks1.a allele in
Engleawnless will not recombine with alleles at the vrs1 (six-rowed
spike 1) locus (3, 7) because a short paracentric inversion is present in
Engleawnless (8). The complex vrs1 locus may include awnless and
reduced awn length mutants (7), but the Lks1.b gene in CIho 13311 does
recombine with vrs1 locus and is associated with a dominant instead of a
recessive allele at the Gth (toothed lemma) locus.
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in Hordeum inerme or Engleawnless (CIho 2505) (2, 3);
and several other accessions (3, 6).
Mutational events:
Lks1.a in Engleawnless (1, 7, 9); Lks1.b in CIho 13311 (PI
316871).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Lks1.a in Engleawnless (GSHO 44); Lks1.b in CIho 13311 (GSHO
1579); Lks1.a from CIho 2505 in Betzes (PI 129430)*7 (PI 534510),
Lks1.a in Compana (PI 537442)*7 (PI 534512), Lks1.a in Dekap
(CIho 3351)*7 (PI 534514), Lks1.a in Ingrid (CIho 10083)*7 (PI 534516,
Ridawn) (4); Lks1.a from Ridawn in Bowman (PI 483237)*5 (GSHO 1913);
Lks1.b from CIho 13311 in Bowman*6 (GSHO 1912).
References:
1. Austenson, H.M. 1948. Linkage relations of the male sterile gene
ms2 in barley. M.S. Thesis. Univ. of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon.
2. Engledow, F.L. 1921. Inheritance in barley. II. The awn and the lateral
floret. J. Agric. Sci. 11:159-196.
3. Engledow, F.L. 1924. Inheritance in barley. III. The awn and the lateral
floret (cont'd): fluctuation: a linkage: multiple allelomorphs. J. Genet.
14:49-87.
4. Hockett, E.A., and H.F. Bowman. 1990. Registration of awnless (short-awned)
barley isogenic lines. Crop Sci. 30:754.
5. Huber, J.A. 1931. Vererbungsstudien an Gerstenkreuzungen. II. Zur Genetik
der Gerstenähre. Z. Zücht. A. Pflanzenzücht. 16:394-464.
6. Kuckuck, H. 1930. Versuche einer vorläufigen Chromosomentopographie bei
Gerste. Züchter 2:68-72.
7. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, I. Moriya, and S. Yasuda. 1982. Studies on
classification and inheritance of barley varieties having awnless or
short-awned lateral spikelets (Bozu barley). I. Variation of awn types and
classification. Nogaku Kenyu 60:13-24. [In Japanese with English summary.]
8. Tsuchiya, T., and R.J. Singh. 1972. Another case of paracentric inversion in
a genetic stock, Engleawnless. BGN 2:110-111.
9. Wiebe, G.A. 1972. Tight linkage of the awnless gene in Engleawnless with the
Vv locus. BGN 2:108.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:112.
Stock number: BGS 76
Locus name: Red lemma and pericarp 2
Locus symbol: Pre2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Purple chaff color = P (1, 5).
Purple chaff color = P1 (8).
Purple pericarp = P (3, 9, 11).
Purple lemma = P (2).
Red pericarp = R (2).
Red pericarp 2 = Re2 (10).
Inheritance:
Two dominant complementary genes (Pre1 and Pre2) control purple
or red pigmentation of the lemma, palea, and pericarp (2, 8, 12).
Located in chromosome 2HL, about 17.1 cM distal from the vrs1 (six-rowed
spike 1) locus (2, 9, 12), and over 11.2 cM proximal from the ant2
(anthocyanin-less 2) locus (4, 6, 7).
Description:
Purple or red coloration of the hull (chaff) and pericarp develops during the
soft dough stage of grain fill, and fades as the grain matures. Anthocyanin
pigments in an acid cell solution produce the red to violet color observed in
the pericarp and lemma (2).
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in a few cultivars and some Hordeum vulgare subsp
spontaneum accessions (2, 12).
Mutational events:
Pre2.a in Buckley 3277 (NSL 32606) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Pre2.a in Buckley 3277 (GSHO 234); Pre2.b from R.I. Wolfe's
Multiple Dominant Marker Stock (GSHO 1565) in Bowman (PI 483237)*9 (GSHO
1926).
References:
1. Biffen, R.H. 1907. The hybridisation of barleys. J. Agric. Sci. 2:183-206.
2. Buckley, G.F.H. 1930. Inheritance in barley with special reference to the
color of the caryopsis and lemma. Sci. Agric. 10:460-492.
3. Daane, A. 1931. Linkage relations in barley. Minn. Agric. Exp. Sta. Tech.
Bull. 78. 30 p.
4. Doney, D.L. 1961. An inheritance and linkage study of barley with special
emphasis on purple pigmentation of the auricle. M.S. Thesis. Utah State Univ.,
Logan.
5. Fraser, J.G.C. 1921. The dominant Mendelian characters in barley breeding.
Sci. Agric. 2:113-116.
6. Heiner, R.E. 1958. Linkage and inheritance studies in barley. M.S. Thesis.
Utah State Univ., Logan.
7. Imam, A.G.I. 1959. Inheritance and linkage studies in selected crosses of
cultivated barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). M.S. Thesis. Utah State Univ.,
Logan.
8. Miyake, K., and Y. Imai. 1922. [Genetic studies in barley. 1.] Bot. Mag.,
Tokyo 36:25-38. [In Japanese.]
9. Myler, J.L., and E.H. Stanford. 1942. Color inheritance in barley. J. Am.
Soc. Agron. 34:427-436.
10. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and F.R. Immer. 1941. A summary of linkage
studies in barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 33:47-64.
11. Ubisch, G. von. 1919. Beitrag zu einer Faktorenanalyse von Gerste. II. Z.
Indukt. Abstammungs. Vererbungsl. 20:65-117.
12. Woodward, R.W., and J.W. Thieret. 1953. A genetic study of complementary
genes for purple lemma, palea and pericarp in barley (Hordeum vulgare
L.) Agron. J. 45:182-185.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:113-114.
Stock number: BGS 77
Locus name: Short culm
Locus symbol: hcm
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Short culm = h (6).
Short stature = u (1).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 2, 5, 6).
Located in chromosome 2HL (2), about 8.1 cM distal from the eog
(elongated outer glume) locus (5), and closely linked in repulsion to the
Gth (toothed lemma) allele.
Description:
Plants homozygous for the hcm1.a allele average about 10 cm shorter than
normal sibs. [Robertson et al. (4) assumed that the gene referred to as "uzu"
by Miyake and Imai (1) and linked to six-rowed spike type (2, 3, 5, 6) were all
the same, but allelism tests were conducted.] Linkage of the hcm1.a
allele to the vrs1.a (six-rowed spike 1) allele is evident in many
crosses of six- and two-rowed barley. The F1's are taller than
either parent and nearly all short segregates have a six-rowed spike. A slight
increase in spike density (shorter rachis internodes) is observed in both
homozygotes and heterozygotes when the hcm1.a allele is present. [The
Eam1 (early maturity 1) gene in Triple Bearded Mariout (BGS 57) makes
the study of hcm1.a in certain environments difficult; therefore,
changes in the seed stock and BGS number are recommended.]
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in many six-rowed barley cultivars.
Mutational events:
hcm1.a in Triple Bearded Mariout (CIho 2523, GSHO 29) (5).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
hcm1.a in Morex (CIho 15773, GSHO 2492).
References:
1. Miyake, K., and Y. Imai. 1922. [Genetic studies in barley. 1.] Bot. Mag.,
Tokyo 36:25-38. [In Japanese.]
2. Neatby, R.W. 1929. An analysis of the inheritances of quantitative
characters and linkage in barley. Sci. Agric. 9:701-718.
3. Powers, L. 1936. The nature of the interaction of genes affecting four
quantitative characters in a cross between Hordeum deficiens and
vulgare. Genetics 21:398-420.
4. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and F.R. Immer. 1941. A summary of linkage
studies in barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 33:47-64.
5. Swenson, S.P., and D.G. Wells. 1944. The linkage relation of four genes in
chromosome 1 of barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 36:429-435.
6. Tedin, H., and O. Tedin. 1926. Contributions to the genetics of barley. I.
Type of spike, nakedness and height of plant. Hereditas 7:151-160.
Prepared:
T.E. Haus. 1975. BGN 5:102 as BGS 57, Short culm, h.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:115.
Stock number: BGS 78
Locus name: Mottled leaf 4
Locus symbol: mtt4
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Mottled leaf-e = mt,,e (1).
Mottled leaf = mt (4).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 2, 3).
Located in chromosome 2HL, about 13.7 cM distal from the vrs1 (six-rowed
spike 1) locus (1, 3).
Description:
When the plants are grown under cool conditions, white-yellowish blotches
develop as horizontal bands in seedling leaves, 2 to 4 per leaf blade (1). The
bands fade as the plant grows or under warmer environmental conditions. At
later stages of development, the plants have a slightly yellow-green color.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Victorie (OUU010, CIho 5077) (1).
Mutational events:
mtt4.e in Victorie (OUL076) (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
mtt4.e in Victorie (GSHO 1231); mtt4.e in Bowman (PI 483237)*6
(GSHO 1914).
References:
1. Hayashi, J., T. Konishi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and
linkage studies in barley. VI. Ten mutant genes located on chromosomes 1 to 7,
except 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:227-250.
2. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, and I. Moriya. 1972. New linkage data obtained in
1971. BGN 2:74-76.
3. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, and I. Moriya. 1974. New linkage data obtained
during 1972-73 season. BGN 4:74-76.
4. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Linkage maps of barley as of March 1974. BGN 4:126-130.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak and T. Konishi. 1997. BGN 26:116.
Stock number: BGS 79
Locus name: White streak 7
Locus symbol: wst7
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Ribbon grass = rb (5).
White streak-k = wst,,k (9).
White streak-B = wst,,B (7).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 10).
Located in chromosome 2HL (3, 6, 7, 8), about 22.0 cM distal from the
gpa (grandpa) locus (1, 8), and over 29.4 cM distal from the lig
(liguleless) locus (4, 7).
Description:
Vertical white streaks of variable width and number develop in the leaf blades
of young secondary tillers. Fewer white streaks and fewer tillers with white
streaks occur as environmental conditions become warm. White streaks can be
found until near maturity, but they are difficult to observe after heading
under field conditions. Often the lower or first leaves on early tillers have
more and wider streaks.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant isolated by Robertson (5, 10).
Mutational events:
wst7.k in an unknown cultivar (2, 10).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
wst7.k in an unknown cultivar (GSHO 247); wst7.k from R.I.
Wolfe's Multiple Recessive Marker Stock in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO 1935).
References:
1. Doney, D.L. 1961. An inheritance and linkage study of barley with special
emphasis on purple pigmentation or the auricle. M.S. Thesis. Utah State Univ.,
Logan.
2. Franckowiak, J.D. 1996. Coordinator's report: Chromosome 2. BGN 25:88-90.
3. Kasha, K.J. 1982. Coordinator's report: Chromosome 6. BGN 12:90-92.
4. Luna Villafaña, A. 1995. Mapping marker genes in chromosome 2 of
barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
5. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and R.G. Shands. 1947. A summary of linkage
studies in barley: Supplement I, 1940-1946. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 39:464-473.
6. Schondelmaier, J., G. Fischbeck, and A. Jahoor. 1993. Linkage studies
between morphological and RFLP markers in the barley genome. BGN 22:57-62.
7. Shin, J.S., S. Chao, L. Corpuz, and T.K. Blake. 1990. A partial map of the
barley genome incorporating restriction fragment length polymorphism,
polymerase chain reaction, isozyme, and morphological marker loci. Genome
23:803-810.
8. Walker, G.W.R. 1974. Linkage data for rb and mt3. BGN
4:90-91.
9. Wolfe, R.I., and J.D. Franckowiak. 1991. Multiple dominant and recessive
genetic marker stocks in spring barley. BGN 20:117-121.
10. Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:28-32.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak and R.I. Wolfe. 1997. BGN 26:117.
Stock number: BGS 80
Locus name: Anthocyanin-less 2
Locus symbol: ant2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Non-purple straw = pr or pr (6).
Anthocyanin-less = ant-2 (1, 4).
Exrubrum = rub (2).
Colorless leaf tip 2 = clt2 (3), c2 (3).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 6).
Located in chromosome 2HL (1, 6), about 15.1 cM distal from the vrs1
(six-rowed spike 1) locus (6, 7, 8).
Description:
Anthocyanin pigments are not observed in any vegetative plant parts, including
the stem, auricles, lemma, and awn (1, 3, 4). The straw does not develop a
purple pigmentation as it approaches maturity (6). The recommended symbol for
the dominant allele is Ant2.c (formerly Pr).
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in few cultivars (5, 6), the first 3 or 4 natural
occurrences may be the same allele.
Mutational events:
ant2.d (pr1.b) in Alva (NSGC1866), ant2.e (pr1.c)
in Balder (PI 195481), ant2.f (pr1.d) in Cambrinus (PI 321779),
ant2.g (pr1.e) in Sultan (PI 339814) (5); ant2.15, 2.20, 2.23,
2.25, 2.26, 2.27 in Foma (CIho 11333) (4); ant2.41 in Mari (CIho
11334), 2.46 in Foma, 2.47, 2.48, 2.49, 2.50, 2.51, 2.54, 2.55 in
Bonus (PI 189763), 2.112, 2.113, 2.114, 2.115, 2.116, 2.117, 2.118, 2.120,
2.121, 2.122, 2.130 in Nordal (5); ant2.h (pr1.f) in Shyri
(GSHO 2430).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
ant2.20 in Foma (GSHO 1632); ant2.h from Shyri in Bowman (PI
483237)*5 (GSHO 1919); ant2.20 in Bowman*2 (GSHO 1920).
References:
1. Finch, R.A., and E. Simpson. 1978. New colours and complementary colour
genes in barley. Z. Pflanzenzücht. 81:40-53.
2. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A
proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv.
Hereditas 62:409-414.
3. Hayashi, J., R. Takahashi, and I. Moriya. 1977. A linkage study of two
complementary genes conditioning anthocyanin pigmentation in barley plants.
Nogaku Kenkyu 56:167-178.
4. Jende-Strid, B., and U. Lundqvist. 1978. Diallelic tests of
anthocyanin-deficient mutants. BGN 8:57-59.
5. Jende-Strid, B. 1984. Coordinator's report: Anthocyanin genes. BGN
14:76-79.
6. Robertson, D.W. 1933. Inheritance in barley. Genetics 18:148-158.
7. Takahashi, R., J. Hayashi, and I. Moriya. 1971. Linkage studies in barley.
BGN 1:51-58.
8. Woodward, R.W. 1957. Linkages in barley. Agron. J. 49:28-32.
Prepared:
T.E. Haus. 1975. BGN 5:107 as BGS 53, Purple straw, Pr.
Revised:
J.D. Franckowiak and U. Lundqvist. 1997. BGN 26:118.
Stock number: BGS 81
Locus name: Glossy sheath 7
Locus symbol: gsh7
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Glossy sheath 7 = gs7 (1).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1).
Location is unknown.
Description:
The spike, leaf sheath and stem of mutant plants are glossy and bright green in
color (wax code - - ++) (1). In early generation backcrosses to Bowman, the
glossy sheath 7 segregates headed early and had poor vigor and small spikes.
Also, spikes frequently abort after emasculation.
Origin of mutant:
An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Akashinriki (OUJ659, PI 467400)
(1).
Mutational events:
gsh7.ae in Akashinriki (OUM022) (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
gsh7.ae in Akashinriki (GSHO 1759); gsh7.ae in Bowman (PI
483237)*5 (GSHO 2269).
References:
1. Konishi, T. 1973. Genetic analyses of EMS-induced mutants in barley. BGN
3:28-31.
Prepared:
T. Konishi and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:119.
Stock number: BGS 82
Locus name: Zeocriton 1
Locus symbol: Zeo1
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
"Kurz und dicht" = Knd (5).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial incomplete dominant (4).
Located in chromosome 2HL, about 9.2 cM distal from the lig (liguleless)
locus (3).
Description:
Plants heterozygous for Zeo1 have short culms, compact spikes, and wide
kernels. Homozygotes have shorter culms (short peduncle), very compact spikes,
large outer glumes with long awns, and reduced fertility. Generally, the spike
emerges from the side of the sheath in homozygotes. Although the name
zeocriton is used for this gene, this gene is not from Spratt, the dense
ear type described by Engledow (1).
Origin of mutant:
An X-ray induced mutant in Donaria (PI 161974) (4).
Mutational events:
Zeo1.a in Donaria (Mut 2657) (4); Zeo1.b, received as "Kurz und
dicht" and placed in R.I. Wolfe's Multiple Dominant Marker Stock (GSHO 1614),
was probably derived from Mut 2657 (2, 5).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Zeo1.a in Donaria (GSHO 1613); Zeo1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*5
(GSHO 1931); Zeo1.b in Bowman*9 (GSHO 1932).
References:
1. Engledow, F.L. 1924. Inheritance in barley. III. The awn and the lateral
floret (cont'd): fluctuation: a linkage: multiple allelomorphs. J. Genet.
14:49-87.
2. Franckowiak, J.D. 1992. Allelism tests among selected semidwarf barleys. BGN
21:17-23.
3. Luna Villafaña, A. 1995. Mapping marker genes in chromosome 2 of
barley. M.S. Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
4. Scholz, F., and O. Lehmann. 1958. Die Gaterslebener Mutanten der Saatgerste
in Beziehung zur Formenmannigfaltigkeit der Art Hordeum vulgare L.s.l.
I. Kulturpflanze 6:123-166.
5. Wolfe, R.I. (unpublished).
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak and R.I. Wolfe. 1997. BGN 26:120.
Stock number: BGS 83
Locus name: Slender dwarf 2
Locus symbol: sld2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (2).
Located in chromosome 2HS, over 18.2 cM distal from the eog (elongated
outer glume) locus (2).
Description:
Mutant plants have short and slender culms, narrow leaves, short and lax
spikes, and thin kernels (2). When grown at Langdon, North Dakota, USA,
semi-dwarf plants are difficult to identify in progenies from crosses between
OUM142 and two-rowed spring barley. The frequency of semidwarf, late maturing
plants is low because sld2.b is linked to an Eam1 (early
maturity 1) gene in the repulsion phase (1).
Origin of mutant:
An ethyl methanesulfonate induced mutant in Akashinriki (OUJ659, PI 467400)
(2).
Mutational events:
sld2.b in Akashinriki (OUM142) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
sld2.b in Akashinriki (GSHO 2491); sld2.b in Bowman (PI 483237)*4
(GSHO 1876).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived
lines of spring barley. BGN 24:63-70.
2. Hayashi, J., T. Konishi, I. Moriya, and R. Takahashi. 1984. Inheritance and
linkage studies in barley. VI. Ten mutant genes located on chromosomes 1 to 7,
except 3. Ber. Ohara Inst. landw. Biol., Okayama Univ. 18:227-250.
Prepared:
T. Konishi and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:121.
Stock number: BGS 84
Locus name: Midseason stripe 1
Locus symbol: mss1
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (2), the deviation from 3:1 reported by Walker et al
(1) may be caused by genotype-environment interactions.
Located in chromosome 2H (1, 2), about 19.9 cM distal (probably) from the
vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus (1).
Description:
Broad yellow to ivory vertical streaks develop in the leaves of some tillers
prior to heading (1, 2). Affected tillers are weaker and often abort under
moderate to severe heat or moisture stress. In some environments, the whole
plant becomes a golden yellow prior to maturation.
Origin of mutant:
A gamma-ray induced mutant in Montcalm (CIho 7149) (2).
Mutational events:
mss1.a in Montcalm (Alb Acc 257) (1, 2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
mss1.a in Montcalm (GSHO 1404); mss1.a in Bowman (PI 483237)*2
(GSHO 1918).
References:
1. Walker, G.W.R., J. Dietrich, R. Miller, and K.J. Kasha. 1963. Recent barley
mutants and their linkages II. Genetic data for further mutants. Can. J. Genet.
Cytol. 5:200-219.
2. Walker, G.W., K. Kasha, and R.A. Miller. 1958. Recombination studies in
barley. Proc. Genet. Soc. Can. 3:41-43.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:122
Stock number: BGS 85
Locus name: Yellow streak 4
Locus symbol: yst4
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (2).
Located in chromosome 2HL, near the vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1) locus
(2).
Description:
Plants have a yellow-green color with numerous, vertical yellow streaks in the
leaves. The yellow-green color is retained until maturity, but the yellow
streaks may be difficult to observe after heading. Plant vigor and height are
reduced, heading is delayed, and seed yields are low.
Origin of mutant:
A sodium azide induced mutant in Glenn (CIho 15769) (1).
Mutational events:
yst4.d in Glenn (DWS1059) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
yst4.d in Glenn (GSHO 2502); yst4.d in Bowman (PI 483237)*7 (GSHO
1922).
References:
1. Faue, A.C. 1987. Chemical mutagenesis as a breeding tool for barley. M.S.
Thesis. North Dakota State Univ., Fargo.
2. Faue, A.C., A.E. Foster, and J.D. Franckowiak. 1989. Allelism testing of an
induced yellow streak mutant with the three known yellow streak mutants. BGN
19:15-16.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:123.
Stock number: BGS 86
Locus name: Chlorina seedling 13
Locus symbol: fch13
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Chlorina seedling 13 = f13 (1).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1).
Location is unknown.
Description:
The mutant is classified as white seedlings (devoid of chlorophyll and
carotenoid pigments) and a heterozygous stock is maintained in the USDA-ARS
Barley Genetic Stocks Collection. Mutant plants die at the seedling stage if
planted in the field. When grown in the greenhouse, however, seedlings
gradually develop a pale green color, leaves have a light green color at
heading, and plants survive to maturity and produce plump seed (1).
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Nigrinudum (NSL 3286, GSHO 988) (1).
Mutational events:
fch13.v in Nigrinudum (Nigrinudum II) (1).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
fch13.v in Nigrinudum (GSHO 16).
References:
1. Hang, A. 1993. Trisomic analysis on the chlorina mutant B2-4. BGN
22:23-24.
Prepared:
A. Hang and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:124.
Stock number: BGS 87
Locus name: Chlorina seedling 14
Locus symbol: fch14
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Chlorina seedling 14 = f14 (1).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 2).
Located in chromosome 2HL, probably between the vrs1 (six-rowed spike 1)
and the ant2 (anthocyanin-less 2) loci (1).
Description:
Seedlings have a pale yellow-green color. The leaves gradually become greener
starting at the tip of the leaf blade, and mutant plants are indistinguishable
in color from normal sibs at heading (2). When grown in the field, plants
produce fewer tillers than normal plants and maturity is delayed.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Shyri (Lignee 640//Kober/Teran 78) from Ecuador (2).
Mutational events:
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
fch14.w in Shyri (GSHO 1739); fch14.w in Bowman (PI 483237)*6
(GSHO 1911).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived
lines of spring barley. BGN 24:63-70.
2. Rivendeneira, M. (personal communications).
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:125.
Stock number: BGS 88
Locus name: Reaction to Puccinia hordei 2 (barley leaf rust)
Locus symbol: Rph2
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Resistance to Puccinia anomala Rostr = Pa (2).
Resistance to Puccinia hordei Otth 2 = Pa2 (9, 15).
Resistance to Puccinia hordei A = A (8, 9).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial incomplete dominant (2, 14).
Located in chromosome 5HS [7S] (1), not in the long arm (10); distal from the
secondary constriction and 3.5 cM proximal from RFLP marker CDO749 (1).
Description:
The seedling reaction type is 0n - 1c with race 4 culture
57-19 (2); heterozygotes have reaction types ranging from 1 to 3, depending on
parents. Responses will vary for homozygotes and heterozygotes when different
rust cultures are tested (8).
Origin of mutant:
Natural occurrence in Peruvian (CIho 935) and several other cultivars (2, 4, 6,
12, 15, 16).
Mutational events:
Rph2.b in Peruvian (4, 12); Rph2.j in Batna (CIho 3391) (7, 12);
Rph2.k in Weider (No 22, PI 39398) (2, 11, 15); Rph2.l in Juliaca
(PI 39151) (3, 12); Rph2.m in Kwan (PI 39367, GSHO 1392) ( 2, 4, 12);
Rph2.n in Chilean D (PI 48136) (4, 14); an allele at the Rph2
locus is present in Purple Nepal (CIho 1373), Modia (CIho 2483), Morocco (CIho
4975), Barley 305 (CIho 6015), Marco (PI 94877) (2); Austral (CIho 6358) (4, 6,
7, 12); Marocaine 079 (CIho 8334) (6); Q21861 (PI 584766), TR306 (1, 13);
accessions with a second Rph gene besides the Rph2 allele include
Carre 180 (CIho 3390), CIho 14077 (12); Ricardo (PI 45492) (2, 14, 16); Ariana
(CIho 14081) (11, 12, 16); Quinn (PI 39401) (8, 9); Bolivia (PI 36360) (2, 8,
9); Reka 1 (CIho 5051) (4, 6, 7, 12); tentative Rph2 allele symbols are
Rph2.q in Quinn, Rph2.r in Bolivia (GSHO 1598), Rph2.s in
Ricardo, Rph2.t in Reka 1 (GSHO 1594), and Rph2.u in Ariana based
on differential reactions and different cultivar origins (5, 8, 9, 12);
Rph2.y from HJ198*3/HS2310 (PI 531841, GSHO 1595) (3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
Rph2.b in Peruvian (GSHO 1593); Rph2.b in Bowman (PI 483237)*2
(GSHO 2320); Rph2.t in Bowman*5 (GSHO 2321).
References
1. Borovkova, I.G., Y. Jin, B.J. Steffenson, A. Kilian, T.K. Blake, and A.
Kleinhofs. 1997. Identification and mapping of a leaf rust resistance gene in
the barley line Q21861. Genome (in press).
2. Henderson, M.T. 1945. Studies of the sources of resistance and inheritance
of reaction to leaf rust, Puccinia anomola Rostr., in barley. Ph.D.
Thesis. Univ. of Minnesota, St. Paul.
3. Jin, Y., G.H. Cui, B.J. Steffenson, and J.D. Franckowiak. 1996. New leaf
rust resistance genes in barley and their allelic and linkage relationships
with other Rph genes. Phytopathology 86:887-890.
4. Levine, M.N., and W.J. Cherewick. 1952. Studies on dwarf leaf rust of
barley. U.S. Dept. Agr. Tech. Bull.1056. 17 p.
5. Moseman, J.G., and L.W. Greeley. 1965. New physiological strains of
Puccinia hordei among physiological races identified in the United
States from 1959 through 1964. Plant Dis. Rep. 49:575-578.
6. Moseman, J.G., and C.W. Roane. 1959. Physiologic races of barley leaf rust
(Puccinia hordei) isolated in the United States from 1952 to 1958. Plant
Dis. Rep. 43:1000-1003.
7. Reinhold, M., and E.L. Sharp. 1982. Virulence types of Puccinia
hordei from North America, North Africa and the Middle East. Plant. Dis.
66:1009-1011.
8. Roane, C.W. 1962. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia hordei in
barley. I. Genes for resistance among North American race differentiating
varieties. Phytopathology 52:1288-1295.
9. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1967. Inheritance of reaction to Puccinia
hordei in barley. II. Gene symbols for loci in different cultivars.
Phytopathology 57:66-68.
10. Roane, C.W., and T.M. Starling. 1989. Linkage studies with genes
conditioning leaf rust reaction in barley. Barley Newsl. 33:190-192.
11. Sharp, E.L., and M. Reinhold. 1982. Resistance gene sources to Puccinia
hordei in barley. Plant Dis. 66:1012-1013.
12. Starling, T.M. 1955. Sources, inheritance, and linkage relationships of
resistance to race 4 of leaf rust (Puccinia hordei Otth), race 9 of
powdery mildew (Erysiphe graminis hordei El. Marchal), and certain
agronomic characters in barley. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 30:438-439.
13. Steffenson, B.J., and Y. Jin. 1997. A multi-allelic series at the
Rph2 locus for leaf rust resistance in barley. Cereal Rusts Powdery
Mildews Bull. (in press).
14. Tan, B.H. 1977. Evaluation host differentials of Puccinia hordei.
Cereal Rust Bull. 5:17-23.
15. Watson, I.A., and F.C. Butler. 1947. Resistance to barley leaf rust
(Puccinia anomala Rostr.). Linnean Soc. New South Wales, Proc.
72:379-386.
16. Zloten, R.R. 1952. The inheritance of reaction to leaf rust in barley. M.S.
Thesis. Univ. of Manitoba, Winnipeg.
Prepared:
Y. Jin and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:126-127.
Stock number: BGS 89
Locus name: Breviaristatum-g
Locus symbol: ari-g
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Breviaristatum-18 = ari-18 (2, 3).
Short awn 10 = lk10 (5).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (3).
Located in chromosome 2H; the linkage drag association with the Gth
(toothed lemma) locus (1) may be caused by poor expression of the Gth1.a
allele in the Bowman backcross-derived line.
Description:
Plants are semidwarf and very weak. Awns are 1/4 to 1/3 normal and stiff,
spikes are short and small, and seed set is low. Leaf blades are very narrow
and often involuted (3). When grown in the field at Fargo, North Dakota, USA,
plant development is very slow, the upper portion of the sheath is white as new
leaves emerge, and spikes are seldom produced.
Origin of mutant:
An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3).
Mutational events:
ari-g.18 in Bonus (3); ari-g.24 in Bonus (4); ari-g.134,
-g.138, -g.142, -g.158, -g.221, -g.234, -g.246 in Foma (CIho 11333),
-g.267 in Kristina (3); ari-g.303 in Kristina (4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
ari-g.18 in Bonus (GSHO 1655); ari-g.18 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7
(GSHO 2503).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived
lines of spring barley. BGN 24:63-70.
2. Gustafsson, Å., A. Hagberg, U. Lundqvist, and G. Persson. 1969. A
proposed system of symbols for the collection of barley mutants at Svalöv.
Hereditas 62:409-414.
3. Kucera, J., U. Lundqvist, and Å. Gustafsson. 1975. Inheritance of
breviaristatum mutants in barley. Hereditas 80:263-278.
4. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
5. Tsuchiya, T. 1974. Allelic relationships of genes for short-awned mutants in
barley. BGN 4:80-81.
Prepared:
U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:128.
Stock number: BGS 90
Locus name: Erectoides-j
Locus symbol: ert-j
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Erectoides-31 = ert-31 (2).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (2).
Located in chromosome 2H, based on linkage drag with the Gth (toothed
lemma) locus (1).
Description:
Spikes are semicompact with rachis internode length estimates of 2.4 and 2.6
mm, and culms are about 3/4 normal length (5).
Origin of mutant:
An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (2).
Mutational events:
ert-j.31 in Bonus (2); ert-j.74 in Bonus (3); ert-j.326 in
Foma (CIho 11333) (4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
ert-j.31 in Bonus (GSHO 484); ert-j.31 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7
(GSHO 1902).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived
lines of spring barley. BGN 24:63-70.
2. Hagberg, A., Å. Gustafsson, and L. Ehrenberg. 1958. Sparsely contra
densely ionizing radiations and the origin of erectoid mutants in barley.
Hereditas 44:523-530.
3. Hagberg, A., G. Persson, and A. Wiberg. 1963. Induced mutations in the
improvement of self-pollinated crops. p. 105-124. In E. Åkerberg
and A. Hagberg (eds.) Recent Plant Breeding Research. Svalöf 1946-1961.
Almqvist & Wiksell, Stockholm.
4. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
5. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1969. Induced variation in a quantitative
character in barley. Morphology and cytogenetics of erectoides mutants.
Hereditas 61:115-178.
Prepared:
U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:129.
Stock number: BGS 91
Locus name: Erectoides-q
Locus symbol: ert-q
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Erectoides-101 = ert-101 (3).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (3).
Located in chromosome 2H, based on linkage drag with the Gth (toothed
lemma) locus (1).
Description:
Spikes are semicompact and have slightly irregular placement of kernels.
Seedlings leaves are slightly wider than normal, awns are about 3/4 normal
length, and plants are semidwarf (3/4 of normal culm length).
Origin of mutant:
A neutron induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3).
Mutational events:
ert-q.101 in Bonus (3); ert-q.392 (GSHO 491), -q.421 in
Foma (CIho 11333) (2).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
ert-q.101 in Bonus (GSHO 1562); ert-q.101 in Bowman (PI 483237)*7
(GSHO 1903).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived
lines of spring barley. BGN 24:63-70.
2. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
3. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1969. Induced variation in a quantitative
character in barley. Morphology and cytogenetics of erectoides mutants.
Hereditas 61:115-178.
Prepared:
U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:130.
Stock number: BGS 92
Locus name: Erectoides-u
Locus symbol: ert-u
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Erectoides-56 = ert-56 (3).
Brachytic 5 = br5 (6).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (3).
Located in chromosome 2H, based on linkage drag with the Gth (toothed
lemma) locus (2).
Description:
Spikes are slightly denser than those of the parent with a rachis internode
length estimate of 2.7 mm, and culms are about 3/4 normal length (4). Plants
have a brachytic-like pattern of growth (1, 6). Spike density is decreased by
GA3 treatment of plants as the flag leaf emerges (5). Awns are about
3/4 normal length, and the basal rachis internode is slightly elongated.
Origin of mutant:
An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3).
Mutational events:
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
ert-u.56 in Bonus (GSHO 496); ert-u.56 in Bowman (PI 483237)*8
(GSHO 1904).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. The brachytic class of semidwarf mutants in barley.
BGN 24:56-59.
2. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived
lines of spring barley. BGN 24:63-70.
3. Hagberg, A., Å. Gustafsson, and L. Ehrenberg. 1958. Sparsely contra
densely ionizing radiations and the origin of erectoid mutants in barley.
Hereditas 44:523-530.
4. Persson, G., and A. Hagberg. 1969. Induced variation in a quantitative
character in barley. Morphology and cytogenetics of erectoides mutants.
Hereditas 61:115-178.
5. Stoy, V., and A. Hagberg. 1967. Effects of growth regulators on ear density
mutants in barley. Hereditas 58:359-384.
6. Tsuchiya, T. 1976. Allelism testing of genes between brachytic and
erectoides mutants. BGN 6:79-81.
Prepared:
U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:131.
Stock number: BGS 93
Locus name: Erectoides-zd
Locus symbol: ert-zd
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Erectoides-159 = ert-159 (3).
Brachytic 7 = br7 (4).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (3).
Located in chromosome 2H, based on linkage drag with the Gth (toothed
lemma) locus (2).
Description:
Plants have a brachytic-like pattern of growth and are about 3/4 normal height
(1, 4). The basal rachis internode is slightly elongated.
Origin of mutant:
An X-ray induced mutant in Bonus (PI 189763) (3).
Mutational events:
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
ert-zd.159 in Bonus (GSHO 504); ert-zd.159 in Bowman (PI
483237)*7 (GSHO 1901).
References:
1. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. The brachytic class of semidwarf mutants in barley.
BGN 24:56-59.
2. Franckowiak, J.D. 1995. Notes on linkage drag in Bowman backcross derived
lines of spring barley. BGN 24:63-70.
3. Lundqvist, U. (unpublished).
4. Tsuchiya, T. 1976. Allelism testing of genes between brachytic and
erectoides mutants. BGN 6:79-81.
Prepared:
U. Lundqvist and J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:132.
Stock number: BGS 94
Locus name: Albino seedling 4
Locus symbol: abo4
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Albino 3 = a3 (2).
Albino seedling 4 = a4 (3).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 2).
Located in chromosome 2H, 5.0 to 10.2 cM from the fch1 (chlorina
seedling 1) locus (1, 2), and about 12.5 cM from the abo5 (albino
seedling 5, a5) locus (1).
Description:
Seedlings lack normal pigmentation; they are white and die at a two or three
leaf stage (1, 2). The abo4.d gene must be maintained as a heterozygous
stock.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in an unknown cultivar (2).
Mutational events:
abo4.d in an unknown cultivar (1, 3).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
abo4.d in an unknown cultivar (GSHO 167).
References:
1. Hallqvist, C. 1926. Koppelungen und synthetische Lethalität bei den
Chlorophyllfaktoren der Gerste. Hereditas 8:229-254.
2. Nilsson-Ehle, H. 1922. Über freie Kombination und Koppelung
verschiedener Chlorophyllerbeinheiten bei Gerste. Hereditas 3:191-199.
3. Robertson, D.W., G.A. Wiebe, and F.R. Immer. 1941. A summary of linkage
studies in barley. J. Am. Soc. Agron. 33:47-64.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak and A. Hang. 1997. BGN 26:133.
Stock number: BGS 95
Locus name: Albino seedling 13
Locus symbol: abo13
Previous nomenclature and gene symbolization:
Albino seedling e = alb,,e (1).
Albino seedling p = alb,,p (2).
Inheritance:
Monofactorial recessive (1, 2).
Located in chromosome 2HL, about 1.2 cM from the msg 2 (male sterile
genetic 2) locus (2).
Description:
Seedlings have a white color and die at the two to three leaf stage (1). The
abo13.p gene must be maintained as a heterozygous stock.
Origin of mutant:
A spontaneous mutant in Titan (CIho 7055) (1).
Mutational events:
abo13.p in Titan (1, 2); 12 additional mutants isolated in the progeny
of diethyl sulfate treated msg2 plants (generated from a cross to a
balanced tertiary trisomic stock) crossed to Arivat (CIho 7543) (3, 4).
Mutant used for description and seed stocks:
abo13.p in Titan (GSHO 585).
References:
1. Rahman, M.M. 1973. Balanced male sterile-lethals systems for hybrid barley
production. Ph.D. Thesis. Montana State Univ., Bozeman.
2. Rahman, M.M., and R.F. Eslick. 1976. Linkage of spontaneous mutant seedling
lethal genes with genetic male sterile genes. BGN 6:53-58.
3. Ramage, R.T., and J.M. Jones. 1975. Induction of mutations for seedling
lethality on chromosome 2. BGN 5:44-45.
4. Ramage, R.T., and M.P. Scoles. 1979. Allele tests of seedling lethal mutants
on chromosome 2. BGN 9:78-79.
Prepared:
J.D. Franckowiak. 1997. BGN 26:134