lPresent address: National Food Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305 Japan.
2Present address: Tochigi Branch, Tochigi Agricultural Experiment Station, Tochigi-city, Tochigi, 328 Japan.
There is great polymorphism in the polypeptides specified by Hor 1 and Hor 2. At present, the hordein genotypes have been investigated by several researchers, and they identified 17 alleles in Hor 1 and 25 alleles in Hor 2 (Johansen and Shewry, 1986; Linde-Laursen, 1981). But so far, the hordein genotypes in Japanese cultivars have not been reported. Thus, we investigated and determined the hordein genotypes in 55 Japanese barley cultivars (Table 1) by the method of sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) (Heisel et al., 1986; Marchylo and LaBerge, 1980; Nielsen and Johansen, 1986).
Figure 1 shows the typical SDS-PAGE banding patterns of hordein in Japanese cultivars. Ch (Hor 1, lane 4), Ta (Hor 1, lanes 5 and 6), Ka (Hor 1, lane 7), Sa (Hor 2, lane 2, 4, 5 and 7) and Ta (Hor 2, lane 6) which we designated according to Johansen and Shewry (1986), were not identical with all the authentic cultivars provided by Johansen, Risø National Laboratory (Johansen and Shewry, 1986). Therefore, we considered that we identified novel types of Hor 1 (Sa and Ta) and Hor 2 (Ch, Ta and Ka).
Seeds of the cultivars with the novel types of Hor 1 and Hor 2 are available upon request.
References:
Heisel, S.E., Peterson, D.M. and Jones, B.L. 1986. Identification of United States barley cultivars by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of hordeins. Cereal Chem. 63:500-505.
Johansen, H.B. and Shewry, P.R. 1986. Recommended designations for hordein alleles. Barley Genetics Newsletter 16:9-11.
Linde-Laursen, I. and Doll, H. 1981. Alleles present in loci Hor 1 and Hdr 2 in a pedigree of European barley. Barley Genetics Newsletter 11:43-45.
Marchylo, B.A. and LaBerge, D.E. 1980. Barley cultivar identification by electrophoretic analysis of hordein proteins. Can. J. Plant Sci. 60:1343-1350.
Nielsen, G. and Johansen, H.B. 1986. Proposal for the identification of barley varieties based on the genotypes for 2 hordein and 39 isozyme loci of 47 reference varieties. Euphytica 35:717-728.