IV. 20. Coordinator's Report: Anthocyanin genes.
B. Jende-Strid. Department of Physiology, Carlsberg Laboratory, Gamle Carlsberg Vej 10, DK-2500 Copenhagen Valby, Denmark.
The ant genes control the biosynthesis of proanthocyanidin and catechin in the seeds and anthocyanin in the plants.
To date 258 induced ant mutants have been localized to 24 loci by diallelic crosses. In all mutants studied so far, the inheritance is monofactorial recessive.
Locus ant 1 (anthocyanin-free), 4 alleles, located on chromosome 1 (5): ant 1-1, -2, -4, -56 (all in Bonus).
Locus ant 2 (anthocyanin-free), previous gene symbol pr (1), 30 alleles, located on chromosome 2 (1): ant 2-15, -20, -23, -25, -26, -27, -46 (in Foma), -41 (in Mari), -47, -48, -49, -50, -51, -54, -55 (in Bonus), -112, -113, -114, -115, -116, -117, -118, -120, -121, -122, -130 (in Nordal). The anthocyanin-free barley varieties Alva, Balder, Cambrinus and Sultan.
Locus ant 3 (anthocyanin-deficient, short plants), 3 alleles: ant 3-5, -8 (in Bonus), -39 (in Kristina).
Locus ant 4 (anthocyanin-deficient), 10 alleles: ant 4-11, -16, -17, -28, -31, -32, -37 (in Foma), -40, -53 (in Bonus), -124 (in Nordal).
Locus ant 5 (anthocyanin-free), previous gene symbol rs2 (1), 4 alleles: ant 5-9 (in Bonus), -18, -24 (in Foma), BGM 122.
Locus ant 6 (anthocyanin-deficient), 2 alleles: ant 6-33 (in Foma), -38 (in Kristina).
Locus ant 7 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 7-12 (in Foma).
Locus ant 8 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 8-21 (in Foma).
Locus ant 9 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 9-29 (in Foma).
Locus ant 10 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 10-30 (in Foma).
Locus ant 11 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 11-34 (in Foma).
Locus ant 12 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 12-35 (in Foma).
Locus ant 13 (proanthocyanidin-, catechin- and anthocyanin-free), 40 alleles: ant 13-13 (in Foma), -101 (in Nordal), -110, -155, -156, -157, -158 (in Alf), -149, -152 (in Triumph), -172 (in Ark Roayl), -201, -202, -203 (in Secobra 4681), -205 (in Hege 876), -213, -214 (in Hege 802), -218, -219, -223, -225 (in Secobra 4743), -232, -233 (in Tron), -238 (in Gunhild), -264, -265, -266 (in Secobra 18193), -273, -274, -277, -278 (in VP 116), -503, -521, -522, -524, -525 (in Advance), -510, -513 (in 72 Ab 3484), -529, -531 (in Morex), -1523 (in Nirakei 60).
Locus ant 14 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 14-36 (in Foma).
Locus ant 15 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 15-19 (in Foma).
Locus ant 16 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 16-22 (in Foma).
Locus ant 17 (proanthocyanidin-, catechin- and anthocyanin-free), 79 alleles: ant 17-103, -104, -105, -139, -142, -143, -145 (in Nordal), -107 (in Alf), -147, -148, -150, -151, -153, -154, -185 (in Triumph), -160 (in Gula), -165, -167, -169, -171, -174, -180 (in Ark Royal), -192, -193 (in Georgie), -199 (in Secobra 4681), -208 (in Hege 876), -210, -211, -217 (in Hege 802), -220, -221, -224 (in Secobra 4743), -231 (in Tron), -237, -239, -241, -242, -247, -249 (in Gunhild), -250, -251, -252, -253, -255 (in Tokak), -267, -268, -269 (in Secobra 18193), -289, -290 (in Hege 550/75), -293, -294, -295, -296 (in Bonus), -297, -298, -300, -301, -307, -308, -340 (in Ca 41507), -501 (in Advance), -504 (in Karla), -506, -507, -508, -509 (in Or 9114), -515, -516, -518 (in Wa 9037), -520 (in Wa 9044), -530 (in Morex), -1502, -1505, -1519 (in Amagi Nijo), -1510, -1511 (in Haruna Nijo), -1515 (in Nirakei 61), -1524, -1527 (in Nirasaki Nijo 14).
Locus ant 18 (proanthocyanidin-, catechin- and anthocyanin-free), 63 alleles: ant 18-102, -141, -144 (in Nordal), -106, -111 (in Alf), -146, -186 (in Triumph), -159, -161, -162, -164, -183 (in Gula), -166, -168, -170, -175, -177, -178, -179 (in Ark Royal), -195, -196, -197 (in Georgie), -198, -204 (in Secobra 4681), -206 (in Hege 876), -209 (in Hege 802), -234, -235 (in Tron), -236, -240, -244, -248 (in Gunhild), -256, -257, -258, -259, -260, -261, -262, -263 (in Tokak), -292 (in Bonus), -279 (in VP 116), -281, -286, -291 (in Hege 550/75), -299, -302, -303, -304, -309, -339, -341 (in Ca 41507), -342 (in Secobra 18193), -505 (in Wa 8953-75), -512 (in 72 Ab 3484), -519 (in Wa 9044), -1503, -1506, -1517, -1518 (in Amagi Nijo), -1509 (in Haruna Nijo), -1525, -1528 (in Nirasaki Nijo 14).
Locus ant 19 (proanthocyanidin- and catechin-free, normal amount of anthocyanin), 1 allele: ant 19-109 (in Alf).
Locus ant 20 (increased amount of anthocyanin in awns), 2 alleles: ant 20-1104, -1106 (in Foma).
Locus ant 21 (proanthocyanidin-, catechin and anthocyanin-free), 4 alleles: ant 21-194 (in Georgie), -1507 (in Amagi Nijo), -1513 (in Haruna Nijo), -1516 (in Nirakei 61).
Locus ant 22 (proanthocyanidin-, catechin- and anthocyanin-free), 5 alleles: ant 22-212 (in Hege 802), -1500, -1501, -1504 (in Amagi Nijo), -1508 (in Haruna Nijo).
Locus ant 23 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 23-3 (in Bonus).
Locus ant 24 (anthocyanin-deficient), 1 allele: ant 24-10 (in Foma).
References
1. Finch, R.A. and E. Simpson, 1978. New colours and complementary colour genes in barley. Z. Pflanzenzuchtg. 81: 40-53.
2. Jende-Strid, B., 1978. Mutations affecting flavonoid synthesis in barley. Carlsberg Res. Common. 43: 265-273.
3. Jende-Strid, B. and U. Lundqvist, 1978. Diallelic tests of anthocyanin-deficient mutants. Barley Genet. Newsletter 8: 57-59.
4. Jende-Strid, 8., 1981. Characterization of mutants in barley affecting flavonoid synthesis. Barley Genetics IV, pp. 631-634.
5. Person, G., 1969a. An attempt to find suitable genetic markers for dense spike loci in barley I. Hereditas 62: 25-96.
6. Sogaard, B., R.A. Nilan and D. von Wettstein, 1983. Master list of barley genes. Barley Genet. Newsletter 13: 122-151.