II. 5. Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley. IX. Supplementary list of unrestoring barley genotypes in msm1 cytoplasm.
H. Ahokas, Department of Genetics, University of Helsinki, P. Rautatiekatu 13, 00100 Helsinki 10, Finland. "R"
A number of barley cultivars have previously been tested for the presence of restoration genes in msm1 cytoplasm (Ahokas 1979a, 1979b). This paper concerns the tests with additional cultivars, mutants, or strains of cultivated barley carried out in the 1979 and 1980 seasons in Finland. The seed parent background was msml-Adorra in all the crosses. The pollen donor stocks were obtained from J. C. Craddock and June Jones (USDA, BARC, Beltsville, MD, USA), Kirsten Kristiansen (Carlsberg Laboratory, Copenhagen, Denmark), H. Walther or W. Friedt (GSF, Grunbach, FRG). All the barleys listed below were classified as maintainers of sterility in F1 combination. Special genes involved are indicated in parenthesis. Most of these mutant genes are dominant or semidominant.
Bonus (tig-b23/ + )
Bonus (tig-e21 / + )
Bonus (tig-034 / + )
Bonus (xan-u21/ + ; ert-a23)
Maja (ert-cl414, ert-d_d14
Union
H5-9
H5-10
H14
Club Mariout CI 261
Abyssinian CI 668 (Rh9)
Trebi CI 936 (Rh4)
Jet CI 967 (Rh6, 7)
(Indian) CI 1091
Kitchin (Rh9)
California Mariout CI 1455
CI 2330 (Pyrenophora teres resistance)
Atlas CI 4118 (Rh2)
CI 5791 (Pyrenophora teres resistance)
Arivat CI 6573
Atlas 46 CI 7323 (Rh2, 3)
Improved Arivat CI 7534
Modoc CI 7566 (Rh42)
CI 7584 (Pyrenophora teres resistance)
CI 9819 (Pyrenophora teres resistance)
Nigrinudum CI 11549 (Rh8)
Tifang CI 14373 (Pyrenophora teres resistance)
Turk CI 14400 (Rh3, 5)
(Ethiopian) PI 391421
Tetraploid shoots were induced in msml/4* Villa derivative (male sterile) with colchicine, and the apparently tetraploid heads were pollinated with 4x Villa. These tetraploid derivatives proved male sterile in field and greenhouse, but had normal female fertility when pollinated either with 4x Villa or 4x Nota. The tetraploid Villa in the Villa cytoplasm has a seed set of 60-75%.
No complete restorer gene has so far been found in cultivated barley originating from different areas of the world, though partially restoring genotypes exist (Ahokas 1979a, 1979b). Dominant restorer genes for msml cytoplasm have been found in 19 separate ssp. spontaneum accessions from Israel (Ahokas 1979b, 1980, and unpublished). These restorer genes have been placed in msml cytoplasm and an Adorra-like nuclear gene background.
A second male sterile cytoplasm was found by the author recently. It is different from msml and will be called msm2 (unpublished).
Acknowledgment:
The work was done under the auspices of the Research Council for Agriculture
and Forestry (the Academy of Finland).
References:
Ahokas, H. 1979a. Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley. Acts Agric.
Scand. 29:219-224.
Ahokas, H. 1979b. Cytoplasmic male sterility in barley. III. Maintenance of sterility and restoration of fertility in the msml cytoplasm. Euphytica 28:409-419.
Ahokas, H. 1980. Idem. VII. Nuclear genes for restoration. Theor. Appl. Genet. 57:193-202.