ITEMS FROM SPAIN

UNIVERSIDAD POLITECNICA DE MADRID
Departamento de Biotecnologia, E.T.S. Ing. Agronomos.- C. Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain.

A. Delibes, I. López-Braña, S. Moreno-Vázquez, and C.M. González-Belinchón.

CONSEJO SUPERIOR DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTIFICAS
Serrano, 115, 28006, Madrid, Spain.

D. Romero and M.F. Andres.

UNIVERSITY OF LLEIDA AND
INSTITUTE FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY (UdL-IRTA)

Center of R&D, Rovira Roure 177, 25198 Lleida, Spain.

.A. Martín-Sánchez, G. Briceño-Félix, E. Sin, C. Martínez, and A. Michelena.

CONSEJERÍA DE INFRAESTRUCTURAS Y DESARROLLO TECNOLÓGICO
Servicio de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico (SIDT), Ap. 22, CP 06080, Badajoz, Spain.

J. Del Moral de la Vega, Fco. Pérez Rojas, and M. Senero Fernández.

Resistance of advanced bread wheat lines to nematodes and Hessian fly - progress update. [p. 161-162]

Resistance to H. avenae. Heterodera avenae-resistance gene Cre2, transferred from Aegilops ventricosa AP-1, has been introduced to advanced bread wheat lines with suitable agronomic traits of interest (quality and/or production) via backcrossing. The resistance gene Cre2 has shown to confer a high level of resistance to the Spanish pathotype Ha71 (Montes et al. 2003). The hexaploid H-93-derived lines from the cross 'T. turgidum subsp. turgidum cv. Rubroatrum, H-1-1/Ae. ventricosa AP-1//T. aestivum subsp. aestivum cv. Almatense, H-10-15' previously described by Delibes et al. (1993), hereafter the selected line H-93-8, was employed as a donors in a hexaploid wheat background. Different commercial wheat cultivars such as Anza, Rinconada, Cajeme, Cartaya, Betres, Marius, and Osona were used as recurrent parents. All crosses were carried out in a greenhouse using standard manual procedures, obtaining two generations/year. Following successive backcrossing (BC4) and selfing, the resulting desirable lines were evaluated for favorable agronomic traits and cereal cyst nematode (CCN) resistance under field conditions in four locations in Spain (Toledo, La Poveda, Gimenells, and Foradada).

Thus, selected lines were consistently tested for CCN resistance, yield and other agronomic traits from 1999 through 2002. Based on 2 years of data at several locations, the cross 'H-93-8/4*Rinconada', under the designation ID-2150, was found to exhibited excellent agronomic characteristics, grain yield, and adequate resistance to CCN under growers conditions (Figure 1). In the autumn of 2003, the line ID-2150 was advanced to be evaluated in the national cultivar testing and registration yield trial at the Spanish Office of Vegetable Variety (OEVV).

Resistance to M. destructor. Mayetiola destructor-resistance gene H27, transferred from Ae. ventricosa, has been introduced to advanced bread wheat lines with suitable agronomic traits of interest via backcrossing. The resistance gene H27 has shown to confer resistance to M. destructor to the Spanish biotype (Martín-Sánchez et al. 2003). The 4D/4Mv wheat/Ae. ventricosa substitution line H-93-33, from the cross 'T. turgidum subsp. turgidum cultivar Rubroatrum, H-1-1/Ae. ventricosa AP-1//T. aestivum subsp. aestivum cultivar Almatense, H-10-15' previously described by Mena et al. (1989, 1993) and Delibes et al. (1993), hereafter H-93-33/H-10-15, were employed as a donors in a hexaploid wheat background. Different commercial wheat varieties such as Anza, Rinconada, Cajeme, Cartaya, Betres, Marius, Adalid, Astral, Recital, Alcotan, and Osona were used as recurrent parents. All crosses were carried out in a greenhouse using standard manual procedures, obtaining two generations/year. Following successive backcrossing (BC4 and BC5) and selfing, the resulting lines were evaluated for favorable agronomic traits and Hessian fly resistance under field conditions in Azuaga (Badajoz) Spain.

Thus, selected lines were consistently tested for Hessian fly resistance, yield and other agronomic traits from 2000 through 2003. Based on 2 years of data at several locations, the cross H-93-33 / H-10-15 / 5* ADALID, under the designation ID-2151 was found to exhibited excellent agronomic characteristics, yield grain and moderate resistance to Hessian fly under growers conditions (Figure 1). In the autumn of 2003, the line ID-2151 was advance to be evaluated in the national cultivar testing and registration yield trial at the Spanish Office of Vegetable Variety (OEVV).

Financial support. This work was supported by grants AGL2001-3824-C04 and 2004-06791-CO4 from the Comisión Interministerial de Ciencia y Tegnologia of Spain.

References.

• Delibes A, Romero MD, Aguaded S, Duce A, Mena M, López-Braña I, and Andrés MF. 1993. Resistance to the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) transferred from the wild grass Aegilops ventricosa to hexaploid wheat by a "stepping stone" procedure. Theor Appl Genet 87:402-408.
• Martín-Sánchez JA, Gómez-Colmenarejo M, Del Moral J, Sin E, Montes MJ, González-Belinchón C, López-Braña I, and Delibes A. 2003. A new Hessian fly resistance gene resístant to the cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae) transferred from the wild grass Aegilops ventricosa to hexaploid wheat by a "stepping stone" procedure. Theor Appl Genet 87:402-408.
• Mena M, Orellana J, López-Braña I, García-Olmedo F, and Delibes A. 1989. Biochemical and cytological characterization of wheat/Aegilops ventricosa addition and transfer lines carrying chromosome 4Mv. Theor Appl Genet 77:184-188.
• Mena M, Orellana J, López-Braña I, García-Olmedo F, and Delibes A. 1993. Characterization of wheat/Aegilops ventricosa introgression and addition lines with respect to the M^v^ genome. Theor Appl Genet 86:197-204.
• Montes MJ, López-Braña I, Romero MD, Sin E, Andrés MF, Martín-Sánchez JA, and Delibes A. 2003. Biochemical and genetic studies of two Heterodera avenae resistance genes transferred from Aegilops ventricosa to wheat. Theor Appl Genet 107:611-618.
  

Personnel. [p. 163]

Guillermo Briceño-Félix has joined the Institut de Recerca I Tecnologia Agroalimentaries (Centre UdL-IRTA) as a cereal breeder on April 2004.

Publications. [p. 163]

• Andres MF, Pinochet J, Hernandez-Dorrego A, and Delibes A. 2000. Detection and analysis Delibes A, López-Braña I, Montes MJ, Gómez-Colmenarejo M, González-Belinchón C, Romero D, Andrés MF, Martín-Sánchez JA, Sin E, Martinéz C, and Michelena A. 2002. Differential induction of defence-enzymes and chromosomal location of two Heterodera avenae resistance genes transferred to wheat from Aegilops ventricosa. Ann Wheat Newslet 48:165-167.
• Delibes A., López-Braña I, Montes MJ, González-Belinchón C, Martín-Sánchez JA, Sin E, Martinéz C, Michelena A, del Moral J, Perez-Rojas F, and Espinal FJ. 2002. Resistance to Hessian fly conferred by the gene H27. Relationships with other sources of resistance and its effect in some agronomic traits. Ann Wheat Newslet 48:165-167.
• Delibes A, López-Braña I, Moreno-Vázquez S, González-Belinchón CM, Romero MD, Andrés MF, Martín-Sánchez JA, Sin E, Martinéz C, and Michelena A. 2002. Changes in preoxidase gene expresión in response to Heterodera avenae infection in a wheat/Aegilops ventricosa introgression line carrying the resistance gene Cre2. Ann Wheat Newslet 48:165-167.
• Delibes A., López-Braña I, Montes MJ, González-Belinchón C, Martín-Sánchez JA, Sin E, Martinéz C, Michelena A, del Moral J, Perez-Rojas F, Espinal FJ, and Senero M. 2003. Studies in relation to the Hessian fly resistance gene (H30) transferred from the wild grass Aegilops triuncialis to hexaploid wheat. Ann Wheat Newslet 49:142-144.
• Del Moral J, Delibes A, Martín-Sánchez JA, Mejias A, López-Braña I, Sin E, Montes MJ, Perez-Rojas F, Espinal F, and Senero M. 2002. Obtención de líneas de trigo resistentes a Mayetiola destructor Say en la campiña sur de Extremadura. Boletín Sanidad Vegetal 28 (4):585-590. In Spanish.
• Montes MJ, Martín Sánchez JA, González-Belinchón CM, López-Braña I, Delibes A, Sin E, and Martinez C. 2003. Characterisation by isozyme analysis of a wheat/Aegilops triuncialis introgression line carrying resistance to Cereal Cyst Nematode and Hessian fly. In: Biotic and Abiotic Stresses (Pogna N, et al. Eds). SIMMI, Roma, Italy. Pp. 1211-1213.
• Montes MJ, López-Braña I, and Delibes A. 2004. Root enzyme activities associated with resistance to Heterodera avenae conferred by gene Cre7 in a wheat/Aegilops triuncialis introgression line. J Plant Physiol 161:493-495.
• Montes MJ, Benavente E, López-Braña I, and Delibes A. 2004. Biochemical and cytological characterisation of a wheat/Aegilops triuncialis introgression line carrying resistance to cereal cyst nematode and Hessian fly. Theor Apple Genet (submitted).
• Martín-Sánchez JA, Montes MJ, López-Braña I, Romero MD, Sin E , Martínez C, Andrés MF, Gómez-Colmenarejo M, González-Belinchón C, and Delibes A. 2003. Differential induction of defence-enzymes and chromosomal location in wheat/Aegilops ventricosa introgression lines of Cre2 and Cre5 heterodera avenae resistance genes. A progress report. In: Breeding strategies for Small Grains Cereals in the Third Millennium, EUCARPIA (Marè C, Faccioli P, and Stanca AM, Eds). Pp. 307-309.