Bc INSTITUTE FOR BREEDING AND PRODUCTION OF FIELD CROPS
d.d. Zagreb, Marulicev trg 5/I, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Slobodan Tomasovic.
Bc Goran (Bc PR 1280/99) was registered in 2004 based on the results of official testing by the Board for registration, Approbation and Protection of Varieties of the Republic of Croatia over 3 years (2002c04). Some important yield and quality traits of Bc Goran are given in Tables 1 and 2, respectively. These traits determine agronomic value and influence a cultivars acceptability among producers for marketing and distribution. The triticale-breeding program at the Zagreb Bc Institute is a new program, and this cultivar is its first for Croatia. The collecting of winter-type germ plasm began before 1995 and was followed by testing for important agronomics traits in experimental fields in Botinec. Crosses and production were by the pedigree-method. Selection of the line was made in 1999.
| Year | Average grain yield (kg/ha) | Difference (in kg) against Clercal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivar | Relative yield against Clercal (= 100 %) | |||
| Bc Goran | Clercal (check) | |||
| 2002 | 8,664 | 7,552 | 114.72 | +1,112 |
| 2003 | 7,605 | 5,402 | 140.78 | +2,203 |
| 2004 | 8,043 | 8,432 | 95.39 | -389 |
| Average | 8,104 | 7,129 | 116.96 | +975 |
| Year | Average grain yield (kg/ha) | Difference (in kg) against Clercal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cultivar | Relative hectoliter weight against Clercal (= 100 %) | |||
| Bc Goran | Clercal (check) | |||
| 2002 | 66.35 | 65.51 | 99.75 | -0.16 |
| 2003 | 73.77 | 66.32 | 111.23 | +7.45 |
| 2004 | 70.46 | 68.35 | 103.09 | +2.11 |
| Average | 69.86 | 66.73 | 104.69 | +3.13 |
Branko Palaversic and Slobodan Tomasovic.
We compared the visual rating index of Fusarium head blight, Fusarium head blight index, and Fusarium damaged kernels (Table 3 and Figure 1). A small-scale trial with 18 winter wheat genotypes was planted in five replications in Botinec in 2002. Inoculations were made with an F. graminearum spore suspension using a sprayer. Significant correlation coefficients were obtained among the three rating systems of FHB in wheat. These results favor the visual rating index of FHB, because it is a quick method for suitably testing a large number of entries in the breeding process.
| VRI1 | VRI2 | FDK | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FHB | 0.60 | 0.79 | 0.82 |
| VRI1 | 0.86 | 0.54 | |
| VRI2 | 0.77 |
Rade Mlinar, Slobodan Tomasovic, and Ivica Ikic.
In a 3-year investigation, some quantitative traits of ten winter wheat cultivars were studied under particular agroecological conditions (Table 4). The results confirmed the existence of significant characteristic variability depending on inheritance and ecological effects. Grain yield is a highly variable character with regard to significant differences between cultivars and between years. The highest average grain yield was found in the cultivar Liberta (6,217 kg/ha), and the coefficient of variability ranged from 28.2 to 36.9. (Table 5 and Figure 2). The coefficient of variability in 1,000-kernel weight ranged from 7.01 to 15.07 g. The sedimentation test ranged from 8.8 to 24.3, depending on genetic factors and to a lesser extent on environmental conditions. Plant height was highly variable depending on environmental and genetic conditions. Cultivars Mihelca and Patria had the tallest plants, 80 cm; the smallest were in the check cultivar Zitarka, 70 cm. The coefficient of variability ranged from 20.5 to 28.7. Variability parameters for the most important quantitative traits indicate very suitable growing conditions under different production schemes for cultivars Patria, Marija, and Liberta. Based on the obtained yields and variability parameters, development of wheat cultivars that can meet both yield capacity and stability criteria seems to be possible.
| Cultivar | Origin | Year of registration | Pedigree |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sana |
|
|
Mura x CI 14123 x Bc c2413/72 |
| Zitarka |
|
|
OSK-6.30/20 x Slavonka x H-68 OSK-154/19 x Kavkaz |
| Marija |
|
|
Bc-4527/68 x Kavkaz x Bc 1971/70 |
| Tina |
|
|
Sana/Gala |
| Patria |
|
|
Odesskaya-51 x ZG IPK 82 10 x GK-32-82 |
| Mihelca |
|
|
Bc-1325/78/SO-1065 |
| Zdenka |
|
|
Beauchamp/Bc-2557/83 |
| Liberta |
|
|
M-441-1 x Drina x Bc-167/86 |
| Aura |
|
|
434 K-4CM/7903-93-1 |
| Concordia |
|
|
Bc-186/82/Castan |
| Cultivar | Year | Mean | CV | Rank | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | ||||
| Liberta | 8,239 | 6,942 | 3,470 | 6,217 | 32.3 | 8 |
| Mihelca | 7,850 | 7,279 | 3,158 | 6,096 | 34.3 | 6 |
| Tina | 7,659 | 7,482 | 3,017 | 6,053 | 35.5 | 2 |
| Marija | 7,317 | 7,311 | 3,441 | 6,023 | 30.3 | 9 |
| Patria | 7,452 | 6,951 | 3,633 | 6,012 | 28.2 | 10 |
| Sana | 7,060 | 7,878 | 3,016 | 5,995 | 35.5 | 3 |
| Zdenka | 7,354 | 7,476 | 2,999 | 5,943 | 35.0 | 4 |
| Aura | 7,084 | 7,276 | 3,165 | 5,842 | 32.4 | 7 |
| Zitarka | 5,679 | 5,484 | 2,471 | 4,928 | 36.9 | 1 |
| Concordia | 6,829 | 6,392 | 2,511 | 4,866 | 34.7 | 5 |
| Mean | 7,254 | 7,047v | 3,088 | 6,796 | ||
Ivica Ikic and Kristijan Puskaric.
Every year, winter wheat cultivars developed by the Bc Institute are tested in many large-scale trials in the Republic of Croatia. In addition to cultivars developed by domestic seed companies, these trials include a large number of introduced foreign cultivars that are grown in Croatia. Here we present the results of average yields of Bc winter wheat cultivars tested in a 5-year period (2000-04) at three locations in large-scale trials at Belje, Vinkovci, and Koprivnica. We tested the following Bc winter wheats: Marija, Sana, Tina, Liberta, Zdenka, Nina, Prima, and Bc Antea (Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5). The results of the above testing prove that a progress has been made in wheat breeding with development of winter wheat genotypes producing high and stable yields. These Bc winter wheat cultivars can satisfy the needs of wheat growers in the Republic of Croatia when yield and quality of grain, flour, and bread are concerned.