ITEMS FROM THE CZECH REPUBLIC

 

RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CROP PRODUCTION - RICP

Drnovska 507, CZ-161 06 Prague 6 - Ruzyne, Czech Republic.

http://genbank.vurv.cz/ewdb

 

Evaluation of winter triticale collection in 2003. [p. 32-33]

Z. Stehno and L. Cejka.

Triticale growing in the Czech Republic has stabilized recently between 35 and 55 x 10^3^ ha (Table 1). Grain yield did not vary much (3.52-3.87 t/ha). At present, 12 triticale cultivars are registered in the Czech Republic. Among them, only Gabo is a spring cultivar. A set of winter cultivars contains the original Czech cultivar Kolor bred by Selgen. Three cultivars, Kitaro, Lamberto, and Ticino, were registered in 2003.

Table 1. Growing area and average yield of triticale in the Czech Republic between 2000-03.
 Year  Growing area (ha)  Yield (t/ha)
 2000  37,001  3.74
 2001  49,499  3.87
 2002  53,093  3.77
 2003  45,970  3.52

Evaluating the triticale collection continues regularly under the framework of plant genetic activities of the Gene Bank Department of the RICP. For comparing results from different years, Kolor, winter triticale; Samanta, a winter wheat; Albedo, a winter rye; and Apart, a hybrid winter rye were used as check cultivars. Over-wintering, plant height, and resistance to lodging, powdery mildew, leaf rust, and Septoria were emphasized during evaluation.

The highest level of over-wintering among check cultivars was detected in the triticale Kolor and in the rye Albedo (Table 2). Within the tested set of triticale cultivars, the winter hardiness of Pinokio is the highest. The number of days from 1 January till heading has indicated that all triticale accessions are intermediate (143-151 days) when compared with rye (136-138) and wheat (151 days). Plant height of the triticale cultivars was intermediate and ranged between the winter wheat Samanta (90 cm) and the rye cultivars Apart and Albedo (135 and 138 cm, respectively). Only the triticale Trado was shorter (88 cm) than Samanta.

Table 2. Evaluation of winter triticales, 2002-03. Over wintering and resistance to lodging and to the powdery mildew, Septoria, and leaf rust pathogens were rated on a scale of 1 (resistant) to 9 (susceptible).
   Cultivar    Overwintering    Days to heading from 1 January    Plant height (cm)    Spike number (per m^2^)  Resistance to    Days to maturity (from 1 January)    Lodging  Grain yield (t/ha)  1,000-kernel weight (g)
 Powdery mildew  Septoria  Leaf rust
 Samanta (winter wheat)  8  151  90  764  2  3  7  206  6  6.06  32.59
 Albedo (winter rye)  9  136  138  568  3  5  7  203  9  11.51  41.98
 Apart (hybrid winter rye)  8  138  135  732  7  6  4  204  6  10.77  34.12
 Kolor (check)  9   147  110  596  9  7  5  209  8  10.45  47.92
 Pronto  8  145  106  808  8  7  9  207  9  11.59  36.50
 Disco  8  146  118  580  9  6  5  209  8  11.53  45.42
 Janus  6  148  105  612  7  6  9  206  9  10.14  39.12
 Pinokio  9  151  97  568  7  6  4  215  9  9.95  47.46
 Polego  8  144  113  672  8  6  9  205  9  9.85  42.47
 Kitaro  9  145  108  704  8  6  4  205  9  9.80  43.60
 Lupus  7  150  115  532  8  7  4  210  8  9.69  36.65
 Passus  6  149  95  672  7  6  9  209  8  9.45  41.13
 Trimaran  8  145  107  732  7  6  9  204  9  9.39  41.15
 Prader  7  144  95  684  8  5  5  208  9  9.03  39.86
 Lamberto  8  146  112  744  7  6  3  209  9  9.01  38.35
 Bogo  8  147  111  728  8  7  9  208  7  8.96  32.37
 Timbo  7  144  97  632  7  6  4  205  9  8.86  40.18
 Marko  7  147  117  640  8  6  3  206  5  8.64  36.48
 Presto  8  143  125  852  8  7  5  211  3  8.11  37.91
 Sekundo  7  147  120  656  7  6  3  205  4  8.02  40.99
 Tricolor  7  146  112  784  6  6  8  210  8  7.93  38.68
 Modus  8  145  116  748  8  7  6  207  3  7.85  37.72
 Vitalis  8  143  115  676  8  7  3  204  9  7.69  41.77
 Ticino  4  147  106  584  8  7  8  213  9  7.65  42.57
 Donatus  6  145  96  480  8  7  4  206  9  7.61  37.46
 Vihren  6  144  101  520  7  5  9  206  6  6.55  41.72
 Trado  4  144  88  384  8  7  9  205  9  5.92  44.71
 Persenk  4  144  98  436  7  5  9  205  9  5.89  45.19
 Marval  3  144  102  392  8  6  5  204  9  4.97  49.34

All the triticales were more resistant to powdery mildew than Samanta (score of 2) or the winter ryes (Apart, 3; Albedo, 7). The triticale cultivars also were more resistant to Septorai than the wheat check and equal to or better than the resistant as rye cultivars. Greater differences were observed in the response to leaf rust infection.

Grain yield of the winter triticale Pronto (11.59 t/ha) and registered Disco (11.53 t/ha) were higher than the yields of the rye cultivars Albedo and Apart (11.51 and 10.77 t/ha, respectively).