Items from the Ukraine

Table 9. Composition of HMW glutenins and pedigrees of U.S. spring wheat cultivars.
Year of release
Cultivar and

pedigree *
HMW-glutenin subunits Quality score Reference **

Glu-A1 Glu-B1 Glu-D1

Hard Red Spring Wheats

North Dakota

1927 Hope 2* 6+8/7+9 2+12 6 5 4

Marquis ^1^ CAN (9) / T. durum

1966 Fortuna 2* 7+8 5+10 10 5

Rescue ^6(2,5)^ CAN (9) / Chinook ^5^ CAN (9) /3/ Frontana, BRA (Fronteira, BRA (8) / Mentana, ITA (6)) // Kenya 58, KEN (8) / Newthatch ^2,5^ MN (9)

1960s Waldron 1 2* 7+9 5+10 9 5

Lee 2, MN (7) // Mida 2,5,7 / Kenya Farmer 2,4(3), KEN (syn. Kenya 338-A-C) /3/ Lee 2, MN / Justin 2-5,7-10

1973 Olaf 2* 7+9 5+10 9 5

Justin*2 / ND 259 / Conley 2,4,5,8,9 / ND 122 / Justin / Waldron 2-5,7-10, ND (9)

1978 Coteau 2* 7+9 5+10 9 5

ND 496/ND 487 // Fletcher ^2-9^ MN (Era sibs ^2-9^ MN (10))

1980s Alex 2* 7+9 5+10 9 5

Waldron / RL 4205, CAN / ND 496

1980s Stoa 2* 7+9 5+10 9 7

ND 527 / Coteau sib ^2-9^ / Era ^2-9^ (10), MN (Fletcher sibs)

Minnesota

1934 Thatcher 2* 7+9 5+10 9 1

Yumillo, ITA, T. durum / Marquis ^1^ CAN (9) // Kanred ^1^ winter (9) / Marquis

1944 Newthatch 2* 7+9 5+10 9 4

Hope ^2^ ND (6.5) / 3*Thatcher ^2,4(3)^ (9)

1951 Lee 2*/N 20 5+10 7 7

Hope // 2*Bobin ^14^ AUS / Gaza, Near East, T. durum

1965 Chris 2* 7+9 5+10 9 2

Frontana / 3*Thatcher /3/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch // Thatcher

1970 Era 2* 7+8 5+10 10 5

Thatcher / 2*Surpreza, BRA /3/ Frontana / Kenya 58 / Newthatch /7/ Pembina ^2-9^ CAN (9) // Frontana / 5*Thatcher /6/ Mida ^2,5,7^ ND // Kenya 117 A ^2,7^ KEN / 2*Thatcher /3/ Frontana / 4*Thatcher /4/ III 58-4 /5/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch // 3*Lee

1981 Marshall - Waldron / Era 2* 7+9 5+10 9 5

1983 Wheaton 2* 7+8 5+10 10 5

Crim ^3^ / 2*Era / Buitre ^2,3,5,9,11^ MEX / Gallo ^2-5,7,8,13,15^ MEX

Montana

1958 Centana 2* 7+9 5+10 9 2

Pilot 13 ^2^ / Thatcher // Pilot 13

1961 Sawtana 2* 7+9 5+10 9 2

Rescue // Mida / Cadet ^5(2,4)^ (10)

1976 Lew 2* 7+9 5+10 9

Fortuna 2,5,6, ND (9) / S 6285 (Thatcher / Kenya Farmer) / Rescue // II 50-17 (Frontana // Kenya 58 / Newthatch) / 51-349

1976 Newana 2* 7+8 5+10 10 5

Sheridan ^2,5^ // CI 13253 (Norin 10, JAP (8) / Brevor, winter (7) ^3,7,13,15^) / 5*Centana ^2,5^ (9)

1980 Marberg 2* 7+9 5+10 9 2

Red River 68 / CI 13253 / 6*Centana

1980 Pondera 1 7+8 5+10 10 2

Newana/Marberg

1985 Glenman 1 7+8 5+10 10 2

208774-1R-8M (Tezanos Pintos Precos (TzPP) ^5(3,4)^ ARG (10) / Sonora 64 ^2,3,5,7,13,15^ MEX (10) // Fortuna

Cultivars from private breeders-California (CA), Colorado (CO), Montana (MT), and Nebraska (NE).

Red River 68, CA - TzPP / Sonora 64 1 7+8 5+10 10 3

1973 Anza, CA 2* 7+8 2+12 8 5

Lerma Rojo ^2,5^ MEX (10) // Norin 10 / Brevor /4/ Yaktana 54 ^2,5^ MEX // Norin 10 / Brevor /3/ 3*Andes ^2,5^ PERU

1975 Yecora Rojo, CA 2* 17+18 5+10 10 5

selection from Bluebird ^2,3,5,7,13-15^-Ciano 67 ^2,3,5,7,13,15^ MEX (10) / Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor, ARG // II 8156 ^2,3,5,7,13-15^ CIMMYT

1974 Prodax, MT 2* 17+18 5+10 10 5

Calidad ^2,3,5,7,13,15^ ARG (10) /3/ 2*Jaral 66 ^2,3,5,7,13-15^ MEX (8) // Mengavi ^7,14^ AUS (8) / II 8156

1976 Oslo, CO 1 7+8 2+12 8 1, 5

Sonora 64 / Yaqui 50 ^2,5^ MEX (9) / Cuajalotte, FRA, winter /3/ INIA 66 ^2,3,5,7,13,15^ MEX (10) /4/ Ciano 67 // Elgan / Sonora 64

1981 Klasic, NE 1 17+18 5+10 10 6

Klein Rendidor / 2*Sonora 64 // INIA 66 /3/ Ciano 67 /4/ Yecora 70 ^2,3,5,7,13-15^ MEX (10)

1984 Solar, NE - Sonora 64 / TzPP 2* 7+8 5+10 10 6

1984 Walera, NE - Waldron / Era 2* 7+8 5+10 10 5

Soft White Spring Wheats

Idaho

1974 Fielder N 20 2+12 4 1, 6

Yaktana 54*4 / Norin 10 / Brevor /3/ 2*Yaqui 50 /4/ Norin 10 / Brevor // Baart / Onas ^14-15^

1977 Fieldwin N 20 2+12 4 6

selected from the same cross as Fielder

1981 Owens 2* 7+8 2+12 8 1

Owens N 13+16 2+12 6 6

Fielder sibs /6/ 2*A6514S-A102-1 /5/ 2*Fielder sibs / Twin sibs ^3,7,13,15,16^ /3/ 61227196 // Twin sibs /4/ Gaines / Lemhi 53 ^15^

Washington

1977 Marfed 2* 20 2+12 6 6

Marquis / Florence // Federation

1975 Urquie - Gaines / Marfed 1 20 3+12 6 6

1983 Edwall N 7+9 2+12 5 6

Fielder / Potam 70 ^2,3,5,7,8,13,15^ selection 181, MEX (9)

* Names and HMW-glutenin subunits of wheats used in pedigrees of U.S. wheat cultivars: 1. Red Fife, UKR, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 2. Marquis, CAN, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 3. Krymka, UKR (taken to the U.S. in 1884 under the name Turkey), 1/2* 7+8/7+9 2+12/5+10 (8.5); 4. Kanred 3, winter, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 5. Thatcher ^2,4^ 2* 7+9 5+10 (9) or sibs DC II 21-44; 6. Apex ^2,5^ CAN, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 7. Florence (White Naples, ITA / Improved Fife // White Naples /3/ Improved Fife / Eden 1^4(1),76(1)^ AUS; 8. Garnet ^1^ CAN, N 7+9 5+10 (7); 9. Reward ^1^ CAN, 2* 7+8 5+10 (10); 10. Regent ^2,9^ CAN, 1 6+8 5+10 (8); 11. Canus ^2,4^ CAN, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 12. Redman ^2,4,9^ CAN, 1 6+8 5+10 (8); 13. Oro ^3^ winter; 18. White Odessa, UKR; and 19. Gaines ^3,7,13-15,18^, winter, 1 7+9 3+12 (7).

** References: 1. Ng et al. 1988; 2. Khan et al. 1989; 3. Lukow et al. 1989; 4. Graybosch 1992; 5. Lookhart et al. 1993; 6. Redaeli et al. 1989; and 7. Fedak et al. 1998.

Year of release	Cultivar and pedigree *	HMW-glutenin subunits			Quality score	Reference **
Year of release	Cultivar and pedigree *	Glu-A1	Glu-B1	Glu-D1	Quality score	Reference **
Hard Red Spring Wheats
North Dakota
1927	Hope	2*	6+8/7+9	2+12	6	5 4
Marquis ^1^ CAN (9) / T. durum
1966	Fortuna	2*	7+8	5+10	10	5
Rescue ^6(2,5)^ CAN (9) / Chinook ^5^ CAN (9) /3/ Frontana, BRA (Fronteira, BRA (8) / Mentana, ITA (6)) // Kenya 58, KEN (8) / Newthatch ^2,5^ MN (9)
1960s	Waldron	1 2*	7+9	5+10	9	5
Lee 2, MN (7) // Mida 2,5,7 / Kenya Farmer 2,4(3), KEN (syn. Kenya 338-A-C) /3/ Lee 2, MN / Justin 2-5,7-10
1973	Olaf	2*	7+9	5+10	9	5
Justin*2 / ND 259 / Conley 2,4,5,8,9 / ND 122 / Justin / Waldron 2-5,7-10, ND (9)
1978	Coteau	2*	7+9	5+10	9	5
ND 496/ND 487 // Fletcher ^2-9^ MN (Era sibs ^2-9^ MN (10))
1980s	Alex	2*	7+9	5+10	9	5
Waldron / RL 4205, CAN / ND 496
1980s	Stoa	2*	7+9	5+10	9	7
ND 527 / Coteau sib ^2-9^ / Era ^2-9^ (10), MN (Fletcher sibs)
Minnesota
1934	Thatcher	2*	7+9	5+10	9	1
Yumillo, ITA, T. durum / Marquis ^1^ CAN (9) // Kanred ^1^ winter (9) / Marquis
1944	Newthatch	2*	7+9	5+10	9	4
Hope ^2^ ND (6.5) / 3*Thatcher ^2,4(3)^ (9)
1951	Lee	2*/N	20	5+10	7	7
Hope // 2Bobin ^14^ AUS / Gaza, Near East, T. durum*
1965	Chris	2*	7+9	5+10	9	2
Frontana / 3*Thatcher /3/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch // Thatcher
1970	Era	2*	7+8	5+10	10	5
Thatcher / 2Surpreza, BRA /3/ Frontana / Kenya 58 / Newthatch /7/ Pembina ^2-9^ CAN (9) // Frontana / 5Thatcher /6/ Mida ^2,5,7^ ND // Kenya 117 A ^2,7^ KEN / 2Thatcher /3/ Frontana / 4Thatcher /4/ III 58-4 /5/ Kenya 58 / Newthatch // 3*Lee
1981	Marshall - Waldron / Era	2*	7+9	5+10	9	5
1983	Wheaton	2*	7+8	5+10	10	5
Crim ^3^ / 2*Era / Buitre ^2,3,5,9,11^ MEX / Gallo ^2-5,7,8,13,15^ MEX
Montana
1958	Centana	2*	7+9	5+10	9	2
Pilot 13 ^2^ / Thatcher // Pilot 13
1961	Sawtana	2*	7+9	5+10	9	2
Rescue // Mida / Cadet ^5(2,4)^ (10)
1976	Lew	2*	7+9	5+10	9
Fortuna 2,5,6, ND (9) / S 6285 (Thatcher / Kenya Farmer) / Rescue // II 50-17 (Frontana // Kenya 58 / Newthatch) / 51-349
1976	Newana	2*	7+8	5+10	10	5
Sheridan ^2,5^ // CI 13253 (Norin 10, JAP (8) / Brevor, winter (7) ^3,7,13,15^) / 5*Centana ^2,5^ (9)
1980	Marberg	2*	7+9	5+10	9	2
Red River 68 / CI 13253 / 6*Centana
1980	Pondera	1	7+8	5+10	10	2
Newana/Marberg
1985	Glenman	1	7+8	5+10	10	2
208774-1R-8M (Tezanos Pintos Precos (TzPP) ^5(3,4)^ ARG (10) / Sonora 64 ^2,3,5,7,13,15^ MEX (10) // Fortuna
Cultivars from private breeders-California (CA), Colorado (CO), Montana (MT), and Nebraska (NE).
	Red River 68, CA - TzPP / Sonora 64	1	7+8	5+10	10	3
1973	Anza, CA	2*	7+8	2+12	8	5
Lerma Rojo ^2,5^ MEX (10) // Norin 10 / Brevor /4/ Yaktana 54 ^2,5^ MEX // Norin 10 / Brevor /3/ 3*Andes ^2,5^ PERU
1975	Yecora Rojo, CA	2*	17+18	5+10	10	5
selection from Bluebird ^2,3,5,7,13-15^-Ciano 67 ^2,3,5,7,13,15^ MEX (10) / Sonora 64 / Klein Rendidor, ARG // II 8156 ^2,3,5,7,13-15^ CIMMYT
1974	Prodax, MT	2*	17+18	5+10	10	5
Calidad ^2,3,5,7,13,15^ ARG (10) /3/ 2*Jaral 66 ^2,3,5,7,13-15^ MEX (8) // Mengavi ^7,14^ AUS (8) / II 8156
1976	Oslo, CO	1	7+8	2+12	8	1, 5
Sonora 64 / Yaqui 50 ^2,5^ MEX (9) / Cuajalotte, FRA, winter /3/ INIA 66 ^2,3,5,7,13,15^ MEX (10) /4/ Ciano 67 // Elgan / Sonora 64
1981	Klasic, NE	1	17+18	5+10	10	6
Klein Rendidor / 2*Sonora 64 // INIA 66 /3/ Ciano 67 /4/ Yecora 70 ^2,3,5,7,13-15^ MEX (10)
1984	Solar, NE - Sonora 64 / TzPP	2*	7+8	5+10	10	6
1984	Walera, NE - Waldron / Era	2*	7+8	5+10	10	5
Soft White Spring Wheats
Idaho
1974	Fielder	N	20	2+12	4	1, 6
Yaktana 544 / Norin 10 / Brevor /3/ 2Yaqui 50 /4/ Norin 10 / Brevor // Baart / Onas ^14-15^
1977	Fieldwin	N	20	2+12	4	6
selected from the same cross as Fielder
1981	Owens	2*	7+8	2+12	8	1
	Owens	N	13+16	2+12	6	6
Fielder sibs /6/ 2A6514S-A102-1 /5/ 2Fielder sibs / Twin sibs ^3,7,13,15,16^ /3/ 61227196 // Twin sibs /4/ Gaines / Lemhi 53 ^15^
Washington
1977	Marfed	2*	20	2+12	6	6
Marquis / Florence // Federation
1975	Urquie - Gaines / Marfed	1	20	3+12	6	6
1983	Edwall	N	7+9	2+12	5	6
Fielder / Potam 70 ^2,3,5,7,8,13,15^ selection 181, MEX (9)
* Names and HMW-glutenin subunits of wheats used in pedigrees of U.S. wheat cultivars: 1. Red Fife, UKR, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 2. Marquis, CAN, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 3. Krymka, UKR (taken to the U.S. in 1884 under the name Turkey), 1/2* 7+8/7+9 2+12/5+10 (8.5); 4. Kanred 3, winter, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 5. Thatcher ^2,4^ 2* 7+9 5+10 (9) or sibs DC II 21-44; 6. Apex ^2,5^ CAN, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 7. Florence (White Naples, ITA / Improved Fife // White Naples /3/ Improved Fife / Eden 1^4(1),76(1)^ AUS; 8. Garnet ^1^ CAN, N 7+9 5+10 (7); 9. Reward ^1^ CAN, 2* 7+8 5+10 (10); 10. Regent ^2,9^ CAN, 1 6+8 5+10 (8); 11. Canus ^2,4^ CAN, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 12. Redman ^2,4,9^ CAN, 1 6+8 5+10 (8); 13. Oro ^3^ winter; 18. White Odessa, UKR; and 19. Gaines ^3,7,13-15,18^, winter, 1 7+9 3+12 (7). ** References: 1. Ng et al. 1988; 2. Khan et al. 1989; 3. Lukow et al. 1989; 4. Graybosch 1992; 5. Lookhart et al. 1993; 6. Redaeli et al. 1989; and 7. Fedak et al. 1998.