Items from the Ukraine

Table 11. Composition of the HMW-glutenin subunits and pedigrees of spring wheat cultivars from the countries of western and eastern Europe.
Year of release
Cultivar and

pedigree *
HMW-glutenin subunits Quality score Reference **

Glu-A1 Glu-B1 Glu-D1

Wheats of western Europe

Sweden

1980s Kadet 1 7+9 5+10 9 27, 29

Kolibri 63 ^(8(1),25)^ DEU (9) / Pompe M 63 ^(8(1),25),64((1,25)*^))

1980s Sappo 1 14+15 2+12 7 16

W 177-6263 ^(8(1),25),64(1,25)^ / W 176-6264 ^(1,25)^

1980s Nemares 2* 14+15 2+12 7 23

WW 687.73 / Walter (CI 12633 (WIS 245), USA / 5*Svenno ^65(1,25)^ // Agrus ^45(2 (1))^, USA / 6*Thatcher)

1990 Troll 2* 14+15 2+12 7 27

Ring / Pondus / Karn I

Finland

1919 Ruskea 2* 7+8 2+12 8 18

Selection from a local variety of the Netherlands

1927 Pika 2* 7+8 2+12 8 18

Ruskea / local variety of eastern Finland

1935 Sopu 2* 7+8 5+10 10 18

Marquis / Ruskea

1936 Hopea 2* 7+8 5+10 10 18

Marquis / Pika

1938 Tammi 2*/N 7+9 5+10 8 18

McIntosh / Ta 01214

1941 Kimmo 1 7+9 5+10 9 18

Lines from the Russian cultivar Pisarev 2

1949 Apu N 7+8 2+12 6 18

Garnet / Pika

1950 Touko N 7+8 5+10 8 18

Diamant, SWE / Hopea ^2(1)^ (10)

1951 Kiuru 1 7+8 5+10 10 18

Aurore / Sopu ^2(1)^ (10)

1952 Tera 2* 7+9 5+10 9 2

Hopea / Ta 04609

1967 Ruso 1 7+9 5+10 9 18, 26

Reward / Pika + free pollination

1970 Veka 2* 6+8 5+10 8 18

Karn I / Tammi 71

1972 Tahti 1 7+9 5+10 9 18

Karn I // Aurore / Pika

1975 Ulla 2* 7+9 5+10 9 18, 26

Tammi / Pisarev ^2^, RUS / Aurore / Svenno

1980 Tapio N 7+9 5+10 7 18, 26

Hjac 3929 / Kolibri

1981 Luja 2* 7+8 5+10 10 18, 26

Svenno // Hopea / Tammi

Norway

-- Barsum - Local variety 2* 7+8/7+9 2+12 7.5 21

1926 As 2* 7+9 2+12 7 21

Selection from a local variety

1933 Froya 2* 7+8/7+9 2+12 7.5 21

Selection from the local variety Barsum (7.5)

1940 Fram II 2* 7+8 2+12 8 21

Jookinen ^3^, FIN / Moystad 7

1940 Snogg II 2* 7+8/7+9 2+12 7.5 21

Jookinen / Russian wheat/As

1951 Trym 2* 7+9 2+12 7 21

Fylgia ^68(1,67)^, SWE/Huron ^67,69^, CAN (8)

1952 Norrona 2* 7+8 5+10 10 21

Fram II (8) / Sopu

1959 Nora 2* 7+8 5+10 10 21

Fram II (8) / Sopu ^2(1)^

1963 Rollo 2* 7+8 5+10 10 21, 26

Karn II / Norrona ^2(1)^ (10)

1966 Moystad 2* 6+8 2+12/5+10 7 21

Moystad 043-40 / Karn II

1972 Runar 2* 7+8 5+10 10 21

Els / 7*Rollo &2(1),26(25)^ (10)

1975 Reno 1 7+9 5+10 9 21

Tammi/Karn II//Els

1980s Bastian 2* 7+9 5+10 9 26

Bajio 66 ^1-5,7,13,15^, MEX / Runar ^2(1),26(25),63(8,25)^ (10) /4/ Yaktana ^2(1),5(2,4)^, MEX / (Norin 10, JAP (8), winter / Brevor, USA, winter (7)) ^3,7,13,15^, USA /3/ Moystad /5/ Rollo ^2(1),26(25)^ / Magnif MG ^45(2 (1)),57(2,3)^, ARG /4/ Sonora 64 ^2,3,5,7,13,15^, MEX (10) / Tezanos Pintos Precos (TzPP) ^5(2,4), ARG / Nainari 60 ^1,2,4^, MEX (7) /3/ Moystad

Great Britain

1984 Solitaire 2* 17+18 5+10 10 25

Sandown (Maris Hobbit / Sona 227, IND ((II 8156 ^1-3,5,7,13,15^ (8)) / Sicco, NDL (Ring // Opal / Selkirk ^8,12(2,4,9)^ CAN)))

1994 Cadenza N 14+15 5+10 7 27

Axona /T onic, NDL

1995 Chablis 1 7+9 5+10 9 27

Jerico, NDL (Bastion, NDL / Myronivs'ka 808) / Tonic

1995 Shiraz 1 14+15 5+10 8 27

Jerico / Axona

France

1951 Axel N 7+9 4+12 4 17

Japhet 25 / Parse ^l^ // Garnet

1959 Prestige N 14+19 5+10 7 17

Ble de Boheme // rye / Ble de Domes // Garnet

1962 Rex 1 7+9 5+10 9 17, 19

Vilmorin 29 ^25^, winter (a derivative of Vilmorin 23 ^25^ (3), winter) / Thatcher

1963 Florence-Aurore 2* 7+9 5+10 9 17

Florence-Aurore 2* 7+8 5+10 10 19

Florence, AUS (White Naples, ITA / Improved Fife ^1^, USA // Whita Naples /3/ Improved Fife / Eden ^14(1), 76(1), AUS

Aurore, AUS (Jacinth ^1^, FRA / Ladoga, RUS)

1969 Charles-Peguy N 7+9 2+12 5 17

Thatcher / Vilmorin 27 // Ariane ^1,14(1),76(1)^, TUN

1974 Reso N 7+9 2+12 5 17

FD 66 / Heine 2806 ^44(27(25),29(25))^, DEU

1978 Prinqual 2* 17+18 2+12 8 17, 26

Super X ^1-3,5,7,13,15^, MEX / 1862

1979 Proqual N 7+8 4+12 5 17

Super X / 1862

1984 Floreal 1 7+9 5+10 9 26

Kolibri 63 / Reichberg 116, DEU // Marquis / Opal

Germany

1959 Opal 1 7+9 5+10 9 1

Rufs / Janetzkis Fruher // Garnet /3/ Heine's Kolben /4/ Friesdorfer St.496 /5/ Koga I /6/ Erli 25

1973 Mephisto 1 7 5+10 7 29

Halle St / Newthatch ^2(1),5(2,4)^, USA / 2*Opal

1978 Max 1 7+9 5+10 9 1

Harro / Grano / Opal

1979 Turbo 1 7 5+10 8 27

WW St. MP / Erli / WH WW 511 / Els /3/ Kolibri

1980 Ralle 1 7+9 5+10 9 27

Svenno / Perlo ^22(4(3),21)^, AUT, winter / 2149.60

1983 Star N 7+9 5+10 7 27, 29

Koga II / Mexico 9, MEX / Kleiber ^63(8(1),25)^ (Kolibri sibs)

1984 Planet 1 7 5+10 8 27

Firlbeck 1856 / Firlbeck 7401

1987 Delos 1 7+9 5+10 9 29

(FD 66 / Heine 2806 // 81-12) or (Bastion, NDL / Janus ^59(2(1),25))^

1988 Remus 2* 4+15 5+10 9 27, 29

Sappo / unknown Mexican wheat // Famos ^8(34(1)),25^

1994 Michael 1 7 5+10 8 29

Kadet / WH 418-74

Austria

1990 Erwin 1 7 5+10 8 29

Mephisto / Minaret ^75(74,73)^, NDL

The Netherlands

1983 Axona 1 14+15 5+10 9 25

HPG 552-66, GBR / Maris Dove ^66(8 (1))^, GBR

Wheats of eastern Europe

Czech Republic

1975 Jara 1 7+9 2+12 7 28

Peko, DEU / Uhreticka 400 (Koga I / Kasticka 53)

1984 Sandra N 7+8 2+12 6 28

Rena (Nadadores 63 ^2,3,5,7,11,13^, MEX / Kolibri / ST 44-74 (a mutant of Oktavia (Stupicka vouska / Koga I) /
Nadadores 63)

1990 Maja 1 7+8 5+10 10 22

1 7+9 5+10 9 28

Jara ^8(34(1))^ (7) / UH 205 (Nadadores 63 / Kolibri)

1990 Saxsana 1 7+9 5+10 9 22, 28

Rena (Nadadores 63 / Kolibri / ST 802-74 (MYR 808 / Siete Cerros 66 ^1-3,5,7,13,15^, MEX (8))

1992 Linda 1 7+9 5+10 9 22, 28

Rena / ST 802-74

1997 Leguan 1 7+9 5+10 9 31

ST 324-84 (Rena // MYR 808 / Siete Cerros 66 // UH 209) / ST 174-83 (Slavia ^22(4(3),21),75(74(73))^ (6), winter / UH 209) / (mutant Oktavia / Nadadores)

1998 Aranka 1 14+15 5+10 9 30

Planet / UH 6223 // Komuna 6 / UH 691

Serbia

1982 Jarka N 7 2+12 4 20

NS 975 ^22(4(3),21)^, winter / Siete Cerros 66

1980s Planinska 1/2* 7+8/17+18 5+10 10 15

* Names and HMW-glutenin subunits of wheats used in the pedigrees of western and eastern European wheats varieties: 1. Red Fife, UKR, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 2. Marquis ^1^, CAN, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 3. Krymka, UKR (taken to the U.S. in 1884 under the name Turkey), 1/2* 7+8/7+9 2+12/5+10 (8.5); 4. Kanred ^3^, winter, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 5. Thatcher ^2,4^, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9) or sibs DC II ^21-44^; 7. Florence (White Naples, ITA/Improved Fife//White Naples/3/Improved Fife/Eden ^14(1),76(1)^, AUS; 8. Garnet ^1^, CAN, N 7+9 5+10 (7); 9. Reward ^1^, CAN, 2* 7+8 5+10 (10); 11. Canus ^2,4^, CAN, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 13. Oro ^3^, winter; 14. Improved Fife ^1^ (selection from Red Fife); 15. Federation ^14^, AUS, 1 20 5+10 (8); 18. White Odessa, UKR; 21. Ukrainka, UKR, winter, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 22. Bezostaya 1 ^4,21^, RUS, winter, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 25. Noe, FRA (selection from Synja, UKR, a local variety from Odessa region of Ukraine); 26. Hativ Inversable ^25^, FRA, winter; 27. Vilmorin 27 ^25,26^, FRA, winter, N 7 3+12 (4); 29. Hybride du Jonquois ^26(25)^, FRA, winter; 34. Preston ^1^, CAN, 2*/1 7+8/7+9 5+10 (9); 44. Capelle Desprez ^27(25),29(25)^, FRA, winter, N 7 2+12 (4); 45. Joss Cambier ^29(25),31,43(25)^, FRA, winter, N 6+8 2+12 (4); 57. Tenmark ^2,3^, USAKS, winter, 1/2* 7+8/7+9 5+10 (9.5); 59. Hope ^2(1)^, USAND, 2* 6+8/7+9 2+12 (6.5); 63. Els 8(34(1)),25, DEU; 64. Ring 2(1),25, SWE; 65. Karn I 2(1),26(25), SWE and Karn II 2(1),26(25), SWE; 66. Koga I ^8(34 (1))^, DEU and Koga II ^8(34 (1))^, DEU; 67. Ladoga, RUS, N 8? ?+10; 68. Aurore ^1,67^ (Jacinth ^1^, FRA /Ladoga, RUS); 69. White Fife, UKR, 1 20 2+12 (6); 70. Huron ^67,69^, CAN, 2* 7+8 2+12 (8); 71. McIntosh, CAN; 72. Maris Hobbit ^25^, GBR, winter, N 7 3+12 (4); 73. local variety from Kremenchuk, Poltava region, UKR; 74. Artemivka ^73^, UKR, 2* 7+9 2+12 (7); 75. Myronivs'ka (MYR) 808 ^74(73)^, UKR, winter, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 76. Saskatchevan Fife ^1^, CAN; 77. Ariane (Ariane 8) ^1,14(1),76(1)^, TUN, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); and 78. Opal ^8(34 (1))^, DEU, 1 7+9 5+10.

** References: 1. Ng et al. 1988; 15. CIMMYT 1997; 16. Payne et al. 1983; 17. Brandlard et al. 1985; 18. Sontang et al. 1986; 19. Payne et al. 1988; 20. Vapa et al. 1988; 21. Uhlen et al. 1990; 22. Cerny et al. 1992; 23. Johansson et al. 1993; 24. Margiotta et al. 1993; 25. Cooke 1995; 26. Jackson et al. 1996; 27. Kazman et al. 1996; 28. Kraic et al. 1996; 29. Groeger et al. 1997; 30. Almer 1998; and 31. Hanisova et al. 1998.

Year of release	Cultivar and pedigree *	HMW-glutenin subunits			Quality score	Reference **
Year of release	Cultivar and pedigree *	Glu-A1	Glu-B1	Glu-D1	Quality score	Reference **
Wheats of western Europe
Sweden
1980s	Kadet	1	7+9	5+10	9	27, 29
Kolibri 63 ^(8(1),25)^ DEU (9) / Pompe M 63 ^(8(1),25),64((1,25)*^))
1980s	Sappo	1	14+15	2+12	7	16
W 177-6263 ^(8(1),25),64(1,25)^ / W 176-6264 ^(1,25)^
1980s	Nemares	2*	14+15	2+12	7	23
WW 687.73 / Walter (CI 12633 (WIS 245), USA / 5Svenno ^65(1,25)^ // Agrus ^45(2 (1))^, USA / 6Thatcher)
1990	Troll	2*	14+15	2+12	7	27
Ring / Pondus / Karn I
Finland
1919	Ruskea	2*	7+8	2+12	8	18
Selection from a local variety of the Netherlands
1927	Pika	2*	7+8	2+12	8	18
Ruskea / local variety of eastern Finland
1935	Sopu	2*	7+8	5+10	10	18
Marquis / Ruskea
1936	Hopea	2*	7+8	5+10	10	18
Marquis / Pika
1938	Tammi	2*/N	7+9	5+10	8	18
McIntosh / Ta 01214
1941	Kimmo	1	7+9	5+10	9	18
Lines from the Russian cultivar Pisarev 2
1949	Apu	N	7+8	2+12	6	18
Garnet / Pika
1950	Touko	N	7+8	5+10	8	18
Diamant, SWE / Hopea ^2(1)^ (10)
1951	Kiuru	1	7+8	5+10	10	18
Aurore / Sopu ^2(1)^ (10)
1952	Tera	2*	7+9	5+10	9	2
Hopea / Ta 04609
1967	Ruso	1	7+9	5+10	9	18, 26
Reward / Pika + free pollination
1970	Veka	2*	6+8	5+10	8	18
Karn I / Tammi 71
1972	Tahti	1	7+9	5+10	9	18
Karn I // Aurore / Pika
1975	Ulla	2*	7+9	5+10	9	18, 26
Tammi / Pisarev ^2^, RUS / Aurore / Svenno
1980	Tapio	N	7+9	5+10	7	18, 26
Hjac 3929 / Kolibri
1981	Luja	2*	7+8	5+10	10	18, 26
Svenno // Hopea / Tammi
Norway
--	Barsum - Local variety	2*	7+8/7+9	2+12	7.5	21
1926	As	2*	7+9	2+12	7	21
Selection from a local variety
1933	Froya	2*	7+8/7+9	2+12	7.5	21
Selection from the local variety Barsum (7.5)
1940	Fram II	2*	7+8	2+12	8	21
Jookinen ^3^, FIN / Moystad 7
1940	Snogg II	2*	7+8/7+9	2+12	7.5	21
Jookinen / Russian wheat/As
1951	Trym	2*	7+9	2+12	7	21
Fylgia ^68(1,67)^, SWE/Huron ^67,69^, CAN (8)
1952	Norrona	2*	7+8	5+10	10	21
Fram II (8) / Sopu
1959	Nora	2*	7+8	5+10	10	21
Fram II (8) / Sopu ^2(1)^
1963	Rollo	2*	7+8	5+10	10	21, 26
Karn II / Norrona ^2(1)^ (10)
1966	Moystad	2*	6+8	2+12/5+10	7	21
Moystad 043-40 / Karn II
1972	Runar	2*	7+8	5+10	10	21
Els / 7*Rollo &2(1),26(25)^ (10)
1975	Reno	1	7+9	5+10	9	21
Tammi/Karn II//Els
1980s	Bastian	2*	7+9	5+10	9	26
Bajio 66 ^1-5,7,13,15^, MEX / Runar ^2(1),26(25),63(8,25)^ (10) /4/ Yaktana ^2(1),5(2,4)^, MEX / (Norin 10, JAP (8), winter / Brevor, USA, winter (7)) ^3,7,13,15^, USA /3/ Moystad /5/ Rollo ^2(1),26(25)^ / Magnif MG ^45(2 (1)),57(2,3)^, ARG /4/ Sonora 64 ^2,3,5,7,13,15^, MEX (10) / Tezanos Pintos Precos (TzPP) ^5(2,4), ARG / Nainari 60 ^1,2,4^, MEX (7) /3/ Moystad
Great Britain
1984	Solitaire	2*	17+18	5+10	10	25
Sandown (Maris Hobbit / Sona 227, IND ((II 8156 ^1-3,5,7,13,15^ (8)) / Sicco, NDL (Ring // Opal / Selkirk ^8,12(2,4,9)^ CAN)))
1994	Cadenza	N	14+15	5+10	7	27
Axona /T onic, NDL
1995	Chablis	1	7+9	5+10	9	27
Jerico, NDL (Bastion, NDL / Myronivs'ka 808) / Tonic
1995	Shiraz	1	14+15	5+10	8	27
Jerico / Axona
France
1951	Axel	N	7+9	4+12	4	17
Japhet 25 / Parse ^l^ // Garnet
1959	Prestige	N	14+19	5+10	7	17
Ble de Boheme // rye / Ble de Domes // Garnet
1962	Rex	1	7+9	5+10	9	17, 19
Vilmorin 29 ^25^, winter (a derivative of Vilmorin 23 ^25^ (3), winter) / Thatcher
1963	Florence-Aurore	2*	7+9	5+10	9	17
	Florence-Aurore	2*	7+8	5+10	10	19
Florence, AUS (White Naples, ITA / Improved Fife ^1^, USA // Whita Naples /3/ Improved Fife / Eden ^14(1), 76(1), AUS Aurore, AUS (Jacinth ^1^, FRA / Ladoga, RUS)
1969	Charles-Peguy	N	7+9	2+12	5	17
Thatcher / Vilmorin 27 // Ariane ^1,14(1),76(1)^, TUN
1974	Reso	N	7+9	2+12	5	17
FD 66 / Heine 2806 ^44(27(25),29(25))^, DEU
1978	Prinqual	2*	17+18	2+12	8	17, 26
Super X ^1-3,5,7,13,15^, MEX / 1862
1979	Proqual	N	7+8	4+12	5	17
Super X / 1862
1984	Floreal	1	7+9	5+10	9	26
Kolibri 63 / Reichberg 116, DEU // Marquis / Opal
Germany
1959	Opal	1	7+9	5+10	9	1
Rufs / Janetzkis Fruher // Garnet /3/ Heine's Kolben /4/ Friesdorfer St.496 /5/ Koga I /6/ Erli 25
1973	Mephisto	1	7	5+10	7	29
Halle St / Newthatch ^2(1),5(2,4)^, USA / 2*Opal
1978	Max	1	7+9	5+10	9	1
Harro / Grano / Opal
1979	Turbo	1	7	5+10	8	27
WW St. MP / Erli / WH WW 511 / Els /3/ Kolibri
1980	Ralle	1	7+9	5+10	9	27
Svenno / Perlo ^22(4(3),21)^, AUT, winter / 2149.60
1983	Star	N	7+9	5+10	7	27, 29
Koga II / Mexico 9, MEX / Kleiber ^63(8(1),25)^ (Kolibri sibs)
1984	Planet	1	7	5+10	8	27
Firlbeck 1856 / Firlbeck 7401
1987	Delos	1	7+9	5+10	9	29
(FD 66 / Heine 2806 // 81-12) or (Bastion, NDL / Janus ^59(2(1),25))^
1988	Remus	2*	4+15	5+10	9	27, 29
Sappo / unknown Mexican wheat // Famos ^8(34(1)),25^
1994	Michael	1	7	5+10	8	29
Kadet / WH 418-74
Austria
1990	Erwin	1	7	5+10	8	29
Mephisto / Minaret ^75(74,73)^, NDL
The Netherlands
1983	Axona	1	14+15	5+10	9	25
HPG 552-66, GBR / Maris Dove ^66(8 (1))^, GBR
Wheats of eastern Europe
Czech Republic
1975	Jara	1	7+9	2+12	7	28
Peko, DEU / Uhreticka 400 (Koga I / Kasticka 53)
1984	Sandra	N	7+8	2+12	6	28
Rena (Nadadores 63 ^2,3,5,7,11,13^, MEX / Kolibri / ST 44-74 (a mutant of Oktavia (Stupicka vouska / Koga I) / Nadadores 63)
1990	Maja	1	7+8	5+10	10	22
		1	7+9	5+10	9	28
Jara ^8(34(1))^ (7) / UH 205 (Nadadores 63 / Kolibri)
1990	Saxsana	1	7+9	5+10	9	22, 28
Rena (Nadadores 63 / Kolibri / ST 802-74 (MYR 808 / Siete Cerros 66 ^1-3,5,7,13,15^, MEX (8))
1992	Linda	1	7+9	5+10	9	22, 28
Rena / ST 802-74
1997	Leguan	1	7+9	5+10	9	31
ST 324-84 (Rena // MYR 808 / Siete Cerros 66 // UH 209) / ST 174-83 (Slavia ^22(4(3),21),75(74(73))^ (6), winter / UH 209) / (mutant Oktavia / Nadadores)
1998	Aranka	1	14+15	5+10	9	30
Planet / UH 6223 // Komuna 6 / UH 691
Serbia
1982	Jarka	N	7	2+12	4	20
NS 975 ^22(4(3),21)^, winter / Siete Cerros 66
1980s	Planinska	1/2*	7+8/17+18	5+10	10	15
* Names and HMW-glutenin subunits of wheats used in the pedigrees of western and eastern European wheats varieties: 1. Red Fife, UKR, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 2. Marquis ^1^, CAN, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 3. Krymka, UKR (taken to the U.S. in 1884 under the name Turkey), 1/2* 7+8/7+9 2+12/5+10 (8.5); 4. Kanred ^3^, winter, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 5. Thatcher ^2,4^, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9) or sibs DC II ^21-44^; 7. Florence (White Naples, ITA/Improved Fife//White Naples/3/Improved Fife/Eden ^14(1),76(1)^, AUS; 8. Garnet ^1^, CAN, N 7+9 5+10 (7); 9. Reward ^1^, CAN, 2* 7+8 5+10 (10); 11. Canus ^2,4^, CAN, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); 13. Oro ^3^, winter; 14. Improved Fife ^1^ (selection from Red Fife); 15. Federation ^14^, AUS, 1 20 5+10 (8); 18. White Odessa, UKR; 21. Ukrainka, UKR, winter, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 22. Bezostaya 1 ^4,21^, RUS, winter, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 25. Noe, FRA (selection from Synja, UKR, a local variety from Odessa region of Ukraine); 26. Hativ Inversable ^25^, FRA, winter; 27. Vilmorin 27 ^25,26^, FRA, winter, N 7 3+12 (4); 29. Hybride du Jonquois ^26(25)^, FRA, winter; 34. Preston ^1^, CAN, 2/1 7+8/7+9 5+10 (9); 44. Capelle Desprez ^27(25),29(25)^, FRA, winter, N 7 2+12 (4); 45. Joss Cambier ^29(25),31,43(25)^, FRA, winter, N 6+8 2+12 (4); 57. Tenmark ^2,3^, USAKS, winter, 1/2 7+8/7+9 5+10 (9.5); 59. Hope ^2(1)^, USAND, 2* 6+8/7+9 2+12 (6.5); 63. Els 8(34(1)),25, DEU; 64. Ring 2(1),25, SWE; 65. Karn I 2(1),26(25), SWE and Karn II 2(1),26(25), SWE; 66. Koga I ^8(34 (1))^, DEU and Koga II ^8(34 (1))^, DEU; 67. Ladoga, RUS, N 8? ?+10; 68. Aurore ^1,67^ (Jacinth ^1^, FRA /Ladoga, RUS); 69. White Fife, UKR, 1 20 2+12 (6); 70. Huron ^67,69^, CAN, 2* 7+8 2+12 (8); 71. McIntosh, CAN; 72. Maris Hobbit ^25^, GBR, winter, N 7 3+12 (4); 73. local variety from Kremenchuk, Poltava region, UKR; 74. Artemivka ^73^, UKR, 2* 7+9 2+12 (7); 75. Myronivs'ka (MYR) 808 ^74(73)^, UKR, winter, 1 7+9 5+10 (9); 76. Saskatchevan Fife ^1^, CAN; 77. Ariane (Ariane 8) ^1,14(1),76(1)^, TUN, 2* 7+9 5+10 (9); and 78. Opal ^8(34 (1))^, DEU, 1 7+9 5+10. ** References: 1. Ng et al. 1988; 15. CIMMYT 1997; 16. Payne et al. 1983; 17. Brandlard et al. 1985; 18. Sontang et al. 1986; 19. Payne et al. 1988; 20. Vapa et al. 1988; 21. Uhlen et al. 1990; 22. Cerny et al. 1992; 23. Johansson et al. 1993; 24. Margiotta et al. 1993; 25. Cooke 1995; 26. Jackson et al. 1996; 27. Kazman et al. 1996; 28. Kraic et al. 1996; 29. Groeger et al. 1997; 30. Almer 1998; and 31. Hanisova et al. 1998.