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GrainGenes Reference Report: JBB-14-45

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Reference	JBB-14-45
Title	New Frame Shift Mutation in Puroindoline B in Indian Wheat Cultivars Hyb65 and NI5439
Journal	Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology
Year	2005
Volume	14
Pages	45-48
Author	Ram S Jain N Shoran J Singh R
Abstract	Puroindoline genes pinA and pinB are the main components of the 15 kD friabilin protein reported to be associated with kernel softness. However, grain hardness of Hyb65 and NI5439, the two Indian wheat varieties, could not be explained based on the earlier identified alleles in puroindolines in wheat. Hyb65 and NI5439 are hard but based on the earlier identified allelic forms of puroindolines both the varieties could have been soft. In this investigation, puroindolines (a and b) from Hyb65 and NI5439 were characterised to understand their role in determining grain hardness. The sequence of puroindoline genes from both the varieties indicated that there was no mutation in pinA. However, there was frame shift mutation in pinB generated by insertion of a guanine residue 126 bp downstream from the start codon in both the varieties. This created new hardness allele of pinB designated as pinb-D1h. Frame shift also culminated into stop codon (TGA) 231 bp downstream from the start codon terminating protein synthesis at 77th amino acid position. Five more stop codons (4TGA & 1TAG) were also created to the downstream positions of the first stop codon because of frame shift. There was additional point mutation in NI5439 (transition from A to G) resulting into change of amino acid residue from thymine to arginine at 205th nucleotide position. Thus single nucleotide change in pinB resulted into truncated pin B and consequently the harder texture.
External Databases	https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03263224o
Allele	Pinb-D1r (Triticum) AJ619022 Pinb-D1s (Triticum) AJ619021
Germplasm	Hyb65 NI5439

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