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GrainGenes Reference Report: PHY-92-245

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Reference	PHY-92-245
Title	Pyricularia grisea isolates causing gray leaf spot on perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) in the United States: Relationship to P-grisea isolates from other host plants
Journal	Phytopathology
Year	2002
Volume	92
Pages	245-254
Author	Farman ML
Abstract	Summary: Gray leaf spot of perennial ryegrass (prg) (Lolium perenne), caused by the fungus Pyricularia grisea (teleomorph = Magnaporthe grisea), has rapidly become the most destructive of all turf grass diseases in the United States. Fungal isolates from infected prg were analyzed with several molecular markers to investigate their relationship to P. grisea strains found on other hosts. All of the molecular markers used in this study revealed that isolates from prg are very distantly related to those found on crabgrass. Fingerprinting with MGR586 (Pot3) revealed zero to three copies of this transposon in the prg pathogens, distinguishing them from isolates pathogenic to rice, which typically have more than 50 copies of this element. RETRO5, a newly identified retroelement in P. grisea, was present at a copy number of >50 in isolates from rice and Setaria spp. but only six to eight copies were found in the isolates from prg. The MAGGY retrotransposon was unevenly distributed in the prg pathogens, with some isolates lacking this element, some possessing six to eight copies, and others having 10 to 30 copies. These results indicated that the P. grisea isolates causing gray leaf spot are distinct from those found on crabgrass, rice, or Setaria spp. This conclusion was supported by an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic average cluster analysis of single-copy restriction fragment length polymorphism haplotypes. Fingerprints obtained with probes from the Pot2 and MGR583 transposons revealed that the prg pathogens are very closely related to isolates from tall fescue, and that they share similarity with isolates from wheat. However, the wheat pathogens had fewer copies of these elements than those found on prg. Therefore, I conclude that P. grisea isolates commonly found on other host plant species did not cause gray leaf spot epidemics on prg. Instead, the disease appears to be caused by a P. grisea population that is specific to prg and tall fescue
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 69 ] cluster cluster analysis copies copy number disease dna fingerprinting element epidemics fescue filamentous fungi fingerprint fingerprinting fragment length polymorphism fungal fungus genetic map genome grisea haplotype host host plant hosts inverted repeat transposon isolate leaf spot length polymorphism lolium lolium perenne maggy magnaporthe magnaporthe grisea marker mating-type method mgr586 molecular marker organization pathogen perenne perennial ryegrass polymorphism population probes pyricularia pyricularia grisea repeated dna-sequences restriction restriction fragment length retroelement retrotransposon rflp rice rice blast rice blast fungus ryegrass setaria similarities single-copy spot state states strain tall tall fescue transposon transposons turf turf grass united states

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