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GrainGenes Reference Report: MBR-8-295

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Reference	MBR-8-295
Title	Stable transformation and tissue culture response in current European winter wheats (Triticum aestivum L.)
Journal	Molecular Breeding
Year	2002
Volume	8
Pages	295-309
Author	Varshney A Altpeter F
Abstract	Summary: In order to efficiently complement traditional wheat breeding with genetic transformation technology it will be desirable to introduce transgenes into the ideal genetic background. Poor tissue culture performance is limiting the number of wheat genotypes that can be stably transformed. We statistically analysed the tissue culture response of 38 current European winter wheats and discuss genetic factors influencing this trait. Although regenerable callus cultures could be initiated from immature embryos of all 38 winter wheats analysed, the number of regenerated plants per cultured explant differed highly significantly (p < 0.01) among genotypes. Ten cultivars with excellent ranking in this parameter were selected for transformation experiments. Independent transgenic plants were recovered from nine winter wheat genotypes with a frequency ranging between 0.2% and 2.0% of the cultured immature embryos after biolistic transfer of the bar gene and bialaphos selection. The nine transformable winter wheat genotypes included a recently released high-yielding, disease-resistant cultivar (cv. Certo), well established cultivars with elite bread-making quality (cv. Tarso, Alidos) and current breeding lines differing in yield, disease resistance and grain quality. Transgene integration and expression were confirmed by Southern blot analysis, polymerase chain reaction, phosphinothricin acetyltransferase activity assay and herbicide application. Transgene expression was stably transmitted to the sexual progeny of all transgenic lines analysed and segregated in a Mendelian fashion in the majority of lines. The introduction of transgenes into the ideal genetic background will allow a thorough evaluation of their crop improvement potential
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 65 ] acetyltransferase application assay bar bar gene biolistic bread making quality breeding breeding lines callus callus culture callus induction chain crop improvement cultured immature embryos disease fertile transgenic wheat frequencies gene genetic background genetic factors genetic transformation germplasm evaluation grain quality herbicide hexaploid wheat improvement integration microprojectile bombardment order performance phosphinothricin plant regeneration polymerase progeny quality rapid production regenerated plants resistance scutellar tissues selectable marker selection stable transformation stilbene synthase gene technologies tissue tissue culture tissue culture performance tissue culture response trait transfer transformation transgene transgene expression transgene integration transgene integration and expression transgenic triticum triticum aestivum wheat wheat breeding wheat genotypes winter winter wheat yield

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