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GrainGenes Reference Report: JPY-158-935

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Reference	JPY-158-935
Title	Selection and osmotic treatment exacerbate cytological aberrations in transformed barley (Hordeum vulgare)
Journal	Journal of Plant Physiology
Year	2001
Volume	158
Pages	935-943
Author	Choi HW Lemaux PG Cho MJ
Abstract	Summary: A much higher percentage (78%) of karyotypically abnormal cells were observed in transgenic barley callus cultures, compared with the 15% cytological abnormality in cells from nontransgenic callus cultures. Out of 22 independently transformed callus lines generated by microprojectile bombardment of immature embryos, only 7 lines had a relatively high percentage (35-76%) of diploid chromosomes (2n=2x=14); 5 (71%) of these lines were regenerable. Of the remaining 15 lines a high percentage (92-100%) of cells in these lines had cytological abnormalities, primarily ploidy changes [tetraploidy (2n=4x=28), octaploidy (2n=8x=56) and aneuploidy] and structural variations; 8 (53%) of these lines were regenerable. There was a high correlation between the cytological status of callus tissues and their regenerated plants. We studied which factor(s) in the transformation process were responsible for the increased cytological aberrations. Only 18-21% of 6- and 12-week-old callus cells had observable cytological changes in the absence of transformation. In contrast, imposing osmotic or selection treatment triggered extensive cytological aberrations, 41% and 40-46% in 6-week-old callus cultures and 60% and 48-51% in 12-week-old callus cultures, respectively. Bombardment itself did not appear to affect the frequency of cytological aberration in cells of callus cultures
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 31 ] aberrations abnormalities barley bombardment callus callus-cultures cell chromosomal variation chromosome correlation cultivar culture cytological variation embryo fertile barley frequencies hordeum hordeum vulgare immature embryo improvement microprojectile bombardment osmotic treatment ploidy regenerated plants selection somaclonal variation tissue tissue-cultures transformation transgenic transgenic barley

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