Query (optional)   in Class  All Allele Author Colleague Collection Assembly Gene Gene Class Gene Product Germplasm Image Journal Keyword Library Locus Map Map Data Marker Pathology Polymorphism Probe Protein QTL Rearrangement Reference Sequence Species Trait Trait Study Two Point Data  

---

GrainGenes Reference Report: JFP-65-1433

[Submit comment/correction]

Reference	JFP-65-1433
Title	Detection of Alternaria fungal contamination in cereal grains by a polymerase chain reaction-based assay
Journal	Journal of Food Protection
Year	2002
Volume	65
Pages	1433-1440
Author	Zur G Shimoni E Hallerman E Kashi Y
Abstract	Summary: Alternaria sp. are important fungal contaminants of grain products; they secrete four structural classes of compounds that are toxic or carcinogenic to plants and animals and cause considerable economic losses to growers and the food-processing industry. Alternaria toxins have been detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and other techniques. Here, we report the development of a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method for the detection of Alternaria DNA. PCR primers were designed to anneal to the ITS1 and ITS2 regions of the 5.8S rDNA gene of Alternaria alternata or Alternaria solani but not to other microbial or plant DNA. We compared the sensitivity of PCR in detecting Alternaria DNA, that of the HPLC method in detecting Alternaria alternariol and alternariol methyl ether toxins, and that of the morphological examination of mycelia and conidia in experimentally infested corn samples. The sensitivity of toxin detection for HPLC was above the level of contamination in a set of commercially obtained grain samples, resulting in negative scores for all samples, while the PCR-based method and mold growth plating followed by morphological identification of Alternaria gave parallel, positive results for 8 of 10 samples. The PCR assay required just 8 h, enabling the rapid and simultaneous testing of many samples at a low cost. PCR-based evidence for the presence of Alternaria DNA followed by positive assay results for Alternaria toxins would support the rejection of a shipment of grain. Total number of records in report: 204
External Databases	Pubmed: 12233854
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 53 ] aal toxins alternaria alternata animals assay cereal grains chain chromatography conidia contamination corn cost detection dna enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay f-sp lycopersici food food processing fumonisin b-1 fungal fungal contamination fusarium-moniliforme gene grains growth high performance liquid chromatography hplc industry internal transcribed spacers its1 its2 liquid loss method methyl microbial mycelium natural occurrence pcr pcr primers plant dna polymerase products protection rdna region rejection ribosomal dna sensitivity solani sphinganine analog mycotoxins sphingolipid biosynthesis toxin toxins

GrainGenes is a product of the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture.