GrainGenes Reference Report: AGR-96-1429
Reference
AGR-96-1429
Title
Weed seedbank dynamics in three organic farming crop rotations
Journal
Agronomy Journal
Year
2004
Volume
96
Pages
1429-1435
Author
Teasdale JR Mangum RW Radhakrishnan J Cavigelli MA
Abstract
This research was conducted to determine the effect of 3 organic crop rotations on the weed seedbank during the first 6 years (1996-2001) of a long-term cropping systems experiment at beltsville, maryland, usa. the rotations consisted of (i) a 2-year maize (zea mays)-soyabean (glycine max) rotation, (ii) a 3-year maize-soyabean-wheat (triticum aestivum) rotation, and (iii) a 4-year maize-soyabean-wheat-red clover (trifolium pratense)/orchardgrass (dactylis glomerata) hay rotation. weed seed populations were determined by a greenhouse emergence assay using soil samples taken in the early spring of each year. the seedbanks of smooth pigweed (amaranthus hybridus) and common lambsquarters (chenopodium album) preceding maize were usually lower following the hay years of the 4-year rotation or the wheat year of the 3-year rotation than following the soyabean year of the 2-year rotation. however, annual grass seedbanks preceding maize tended to be higher following the hay years of the 4-year rotation than following the wheat year of the 3-year rotation or the soyabean year of the 2-year rotation. seedbanks in the 3- and 4-year rotations were similar to those of the 2-year maize-soyabean rotation (higher smooth pigweed and common lambsquarters and lower annual grass) when these longer rotations began with a maize-soyabean sequence than with other sequences. sequences beginning with hay had lower smooth pigweed and common lambsquarters seedbank populations than all other sequences. the seedbank in spring significantly predicted weed abundance at maturity in maize in at least 2 of 4 years for all species. results show that longer rotations with more phenologically diverse crops can reduce seedbank populations and abundance of important annual broadleaf weed species in organic production systems
Keyword
[ Hide all but 1 of 11 ] cropping systems emergence glycine maize maturity organic farming rotations seed banks soyabeans spring weed
GrainGenes is a product of the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture.
GrainGenes Reference Report: AGR-96-1429
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GrainGenes is a product of the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture. | |||