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GrainGenes Reference Report: Watkins-2024

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Reference
Watkins-2024
Title
Harnessing Landrace Diversity Empowers Wheat Breeding for Climate Resilience
Journal
Nature
Year
2024
Remark
Supplemental Tables are listed below:
[ Show all 54 ]
Author
Cheng S
[ Show all 89 ]
Abstract
Breeding crops resilient to climate change is urgently needed to help ensure food security. A key challenge is to harness genetic diversity to optimise adaptation, yield, stress resilience and nutrition. We examined the genetic and phenotypic diversity of the A.E. Watkins landrace collection of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum), a major global cereal, through whole-genome re-sequencing (827 Watkins landraces and 208 modern cultivars) and in-depth field evaluation spanning a decade. We discovered that modern cultivars are derived from just two of the seven ancestral groups of wheat, leaving five groups as previously untapped sources for breeding. This provides access to landrace-specific functional variations using structured germplasm, genotyping and informatics resources. Employing complementary genetic populations and approaches, we identified thousands of high-resolution quantitative trait loci (QTL) and significant marker-trait associations for major traits, revealing many Watkins-unique loci that can confer superior traits in modern wheat. Furthermore, we identified and functionally verified causative genes for climate-change adaptation, nutritional enhancement and resistance to wheat blast. Finally, we assessed the phenotypic effects of 44,338 Watkins-unique haplotypes, introgressed from 143 prioritised QTL in the context of modern cultivars, bridging the gap between landrace diversity and current breeding. This study establishes a framework for systematically utilising genetic diversity in crop improvement to achieve sustainable food security.
External Databases
https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.04.560903
Gene
1fehw3 (Triticum)
[ Show all 237 ]
Locus
[ Hide all but 1 of 2525 ]
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Excalibur_c37474_242
gwm11
gwm2
gwm261
gwm268
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IS00007973
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psp3152
wmc262
wmc491
wmc702
wsnp_Ex_c11827_18986376
wsnp_JD_c47318_32176833
QTL
AwnCol_PBI_b1990_Natural-1B
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