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GrainGenes Reference Report: TAG-92-541

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Reference	TAG-92-541
Title	Analysis of the barley and rice genomes by comparative RFLP linkage mapping
Journal	Theoretical and Applied Genetics
Year	1996
Volume	92
Pages	541-551
Author	Saghai-Maroof M Yang G Biyashev R Maughan P Zhang Q
Abstract	Comparative genetic mapping of rice and barley, both major crop species with extensive genetic resources, offers the possibility of uniting two well-established and characterized genetic systems In the present study, we screened 229 molecular markers and utilized 110 polymorphic orthologous loci to construct comparative maps of the rice and barley genomes While extensive chromosomal rearrangements, including inversions and intrachromosomal translocations, differentiate the rice and barley genomes, several syntenous chromosomes are evident. Indeed, several chromosomes and chromosome arms appear to share nearly identical gene content and gene order. Seventeen regions of conserved organization were detected, spanning 287 cM (24%) and 321 cM (31%) of the rice and barley genomes, respectively. The results also indicate that most (72%) of the single-copy sequences in barley are also single copy in rice, suggesting that the large barley genome arose by unequal crossing over and amplification of repetitive DNA sequences and not by the duplication of single-copy sequences. Combining these results with those previously reported for comparative analyses of rice and wheat identified nine putatively syntenous chromosomes among barley, wheat and rice. The high degree of gene-order conservation as detected by comparative mapping has astonishing implications for interpreting genetic information among species and for elucidating chromosome evolution and speciation.
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 21 ] chromosome chromosome-analysis chromosome-maps comparative-loci duplication genes genetic markers genome-analysis genomes homoeologous-chromosomes hordeum vulgare linkage-groups linkage-maps loci molecular-mapping orthologous-loci oryza sativa restriction fragment length polymorphism segregation segregation-distortion syntenous-chromosomes

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