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GrainGenes Reference Report: PPS-135-459

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Reference	PPS-135-459
Title	Rapid genome evolution revealed by comparative sequence analysis of orthologous regions from four triticeae genomes
Journal	Plant Physiology
Year	2004
Volume	135
Pages	459-470
Author	Gu YQ Coleman-Derr D Kong XY Anderson OD
Abstract	Summary: Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is an allohexaploid species, consisting of three subgenomes (A, B, and D). To study the molecular evolution of these closely related genomes, we compared the sequence of a 307-kb physical contig covering the high molecular weight (HMW)-glutenin locus from the A genome of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum, AABB) with the orthologous regions from the B genome of the same wheat and the D genome of the diploid wheat Aegilops tauschii (Anderson et al., 2003; Kong et al., 2004). Although gene colinearity appears to be retained, four out of six genes including the two paralogous HMW-glutenin genes are disrupted in the orthologous region of the A genome. Mechanisms involved in gene disruption in the A genome include retroelement insertions, sequence deletions, and mutations causing in-frame stop codons in the coding sequences. Comparative sequence analysis also revealed that sequences in the colinear intergenic regions of these different genomes were generally not conserved. The rapid genome evolution in these regions is attributable mainly to the large number of retrotransposon insertions that occurred after the divergence of the three wheat genomes. Our comparative studies indicate that the B genome diverged prior to the separation of the A and D genomes. Furthermore, sequence comparison of two distinct types of allelic variations at the HMW-glutenin loci in the A genomes of different hexaploid wheat cultivars with the A genome locus of durum wheat indicates that hexaploid wheat may have more than one tetraploid ancestor
External Databases	Pubmed: 15122014
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 47 ] a genome aegilops aegilops tauschii al allelic variation b genome barley bread chromosome coding sequences colinearity contig deletion diploid diploid wheat disruption divergence dna sequence durum evolution gene gene disruption genome genome evolution grass genomes hexaploid hexaploid wheat hmw glutenin insertion intergenic region molecular evolution orthologous region recombination rates retrotransposon retrotransposons separation sequence stop codon stop codons tauschii tetraploid triticeae triticum triticum aestivum triticum turgidum turgidum weight glutenin genes

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