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GrainGenes Reference Report: PPR-85-49

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Reference	PPR-85-49
Title	New insights in to ancient resistance: the molecular side of cell wall appositions
Journal	Phytoprotection
Year	2004
Volume	85
Pages	49-52
Author	Greenshields DL Liu G Selvaraj G Wei Y
Abstract	The epidermis lies at the interface between a plant and its environment. As such, the epidermis is crucial for protecting the plant against environmental insults. We focus primarily on cell wall reinforcement-mediated penetration resistance (papilla-resistance) against fungal pathogen attack. The epidermal cell layer of cereal leaves is the only tissue interacting with the powdery mildew fungus, Blumeria graminis, and papilla formation at sites of fungal penetration attempts provides a basal resistance, hampering fungal invasion irrespective of host specific compatibility or incompatibility. To elucidate the genetic scaffolding of penetration resistance mechanisms, we constructed a cDNA library from wheat leaf epidermis at 24-48 h post-inoculation with B. graminis f.sp. tritici. We have sequenced 3000 expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from this cDNA library. EST analysis revealed a large proportion of genes involved in plant defence/stress responses (1/3) and a low frequency of 'house-keeping' genes. Enrichment of defence genes from this EST collection has allowed us to identify several defence and signalling pathways that have been hitherto poorly characterized, including cell wall biosynthesis, vesicle trafficking, redox regulation and metal homeostasis. Our results suggest that a global analysis of transcripts from this epidermis-specific cDNA library makes it feasible to define a full set of genes involved in early plant resistance associated with cell wall modifications
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 20 ] biochemical pathways biosynthesis cell wall complementary dna defence defence mechanisms disease resistance dna libraries environment epidermis homeostasis incompatibility modification nucleotide sequences plant pathogenic fungi plant pathogens resistance signal transduction stress stress response

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