GrainGenes Reference Report: PNA-99-1724
Reference
PNA-99-1724
Title
Enhanced ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase activity in wheat endosperm increases seed yield
Journal
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
Year
2002
Volume
99
Pages
1724-1729
Author
[ Hide all but 1 of 7 ] Smidansky ED Clancy M Meyer FD Lanning SP Blake NK Talbert LE Giroux MJ
Abstract
Summary: Yield in cereals is a function of seed number and weight; both parameters are largely controlled by seed sink strength. The allosteric enzyme ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGP) plays a key role in regulating starch biosynthesis in cereal seeds and is likely the most important determinant of seed sink strength. Plant AGPs are heterotetrameric, consisting of two large and two small subunits. We transformed wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with a modified form of the maize (Zea mays L.) Shrunken2 gene (Sh2r6hs), which encodes an altered AGP large subunit. The altered large subunit gives rise to a maize AGP heterotetramer with decreased sensitivity to its negative allosteric effector, orthophosphate, and more stable interactions between large and small subunits. The Sh2r6hs transgene was still functional after five generations in wheat. Developing seeds from Sh2r6hs transgenic wheat exhibited increased AGP activity in the presence of a range of orthophosphate concentrations in vitro. Transgenic Sh2r6hs wheat lines produced on average 38% more seed weight per plant. Total plant biomass was increased by 37% in Sh2r6hs plants. Results indicate increased availability and utilization of resources in response to enhanced seed sink strength, increasing seed yield, and total plant biomass
External Databases
Pubmed: 11830676
Keyword
adp glucose pyrophosphorylase
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GrainGenes Reference Report: PNA-99-1724
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GrainGenes is a product of the Agricultural Research Service of the US Department of Agriculture. | |||