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GrainGenes Reference Report: PNA-99-850

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Reference	PNA-99-850
Title	Physical and genetic mapping of barley (Hordeum vulgare) germin-like cDNAs
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA
Year	2002
Volume	99
Pages	850-855
Author	Druka A Kudrna D Kannangara CG von Wettstein D Kleinhofs A
Abstract	Summary: Germin with oxalate oxidase and superoxide dismutase activity is a homohexamer of six manganese-containing interlocked beta-jelly-roll monomers with extreme resistance to heat and proteolytic degradation [Woo, E.-J., Dunwell, J. M., Goodenough, P. W., Marvier, A. C. & Pickersill, R. W. (2000) Nat. Struct. Biol. 7, 1036-1038]. This structure is conserved in germin-like proteins (GLPs) with other enzymatic functions and characteristic for proteins deposited in plant cell walls in response to pathogen attack and abiotic stress. Comparative nucleotide and amino acid sequence analyses of 49,610 barley expressed sequence tags identified 124 germin and germin-like cDNAs, which distributed into five subfamilies designated HvGER-I to HvGER-V. Representative cDNAs for these subfamilies hybridized to 67 bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones from a library containing 6.3 genomic equivalents. Twenty-six BAC clones hybridized to the subfamily IV probe and identified a gene-rich region including clone 418E1 of 96 kb encoding eight GLPs (i.e., 1 gene per 12 kb). This BAC clone lacked highly repeated sequences and mapped to the subtelomeric region of the long arm of chromosome 4(4H). Among the six genes of the contig expressed in leaves, one specifies a protein known to be associated with papilla formation in the epidermis upon powdery mildew infection. Three structural genes for oxalate oxidase are present in subfamily I and eight GLPs of various functions in the other subfamilies. These genes map at loci in chromosomes 1(7H), 2(2H), 3(3H), 4(4H), and 7(5H). Some are present on a single BAC clone. The results are discussed in relation to cereal genome organization
External Databases	Pubmed: 11792854
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 69 ] abiotic stress acid amino acid amino acid sequence artificial chromosome attack bac bac clone bacterial bacterial artificial chromosome barley cdna cell cell wall chromosome clone contig degradation epidermis expressed sequence tags function gene genetic mapping genome genome organization germin germin-like protein h2o2-producing enzyme heat hordeum hordeum vulgare infection iv library loci long arm map mapping member mildew nucleotide nucleotide sequence organization oxalate oxalate oxidase oxidase papilla papilla formation pathogen pathogen attack plant cell wall powdery mildew powdery mildew fungus protein region repeated sequences resistance sequence sequence analyses sequence tags storage proteins stress structural gene structure subfamilies superoxide superoxide dismutase wall washington

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