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GrainGenes Reference Report: PMP-64-45

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Reference	PMP-64-45
Title	Use of Fusarium graminearum transformed with gfp to follow infection patterns in barley and Arabidopsis
Journal	Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology
Year	2004
Volume	64
Pages	45-53
Author	Skadsen RW Hohn TM
Abstract	The fungal pathogen Fusarium graminearum attacks the seed spikes of barley and wheat, causing sterility, reduced seed weight and accumulation of mycotoxins. To explore infection patterns in barley and in the Arabidopsis model system, the green fluorescent protein gene (gfp) was used to transform F. graminearum. Inoculation of intact barley spikes resulted in rapid colonization of the brush hairs (ovary epithelial hairs) at the extruded seed tip within 7 h. Colonization followed a pattern of rapid basipetal growth along the pericarp epithelium (interior to the lemma and palea), accompanied by slower growth inward through the pericarp and testa. However, at 16 days after infection the aleurone and starchy endosperm remained uninfected, despite heavy colonization of the pericarp. Colonization of the outer lemma also occurred but was much slower. No increase in amylase enzyme activities was found, discounting the possibility that F. graminearum utilizes gibberellin-induced host enzymes to tap the endosperm for nutrients. The transformed Fusarium strain readily infected Arabidopsis thaliana leaves and produced copious spores within distant leaves. Results show the utility of gfp in tracing the growth of this pathogen, without misinterpretation due to contaminating fungi, and for resistance studies utilizing the Arabidopsis model system
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 23 ] agricultural research amylases barley endosperm enzyme enzyme activity fungal diseases genetic engineering genetic transformation genetically engineered microorganisms growth infection mycotoxins nutrients pericarp plant diseases plant pathogenic fungi plant pathogens resistance seed weight spikes spores sterility

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