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GrainGenes Reference Report: PLC-11-1769

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Reference	PLC-11-1769
Title	Retrotransposon BARE-1 and its role in genome evolution in the genus Hordeum
Journal	Plant Cell
Year	1999
Volume	11
Pages	1769-1784
Author	Vicient CM [ Show all 7 ]
Abstract	The replicative retrotransposon life cycle offers the potential for explosive increases in copy number and consequent inflation of genome size. The BARE-1 retrotransposon family of barley is conserved, disperse, and transcriptionally active. To assess the role of BARE-1 in genome evolution, we determined the copy number of its integrase, its reverse transcriptase, and its long terminal repeat (LTR) domains throughout the genus Hordeum. On average, BARE-1 contributes 13.7 x 10(3) full-length copies, amounting to 2.9% of the genome. The number increases with genome size. Two LTRs are associated with each internal domain in intact retrotransposons, but surprisingly, BARE-1 LTRs were considerably more prevalent than would be expected from the numbers of intact elements. The excess in LTRs increases as both genome size and BARE-1 genomic fraction decrease. Intrachromosomal homologous recombination between LTRs could explain the excess, removing BARE-1 elements and leaving behind solo LTRs, thereby reducing the complement of functional retrotransposons in the genome and providing at least a partial 'return ticket from genomic obesity'.
Keyword	[ Hide all but 1 of 26 ] bare-1 barley copy number dna hybridization domain element elements enzyme evolution family gene dosage genome genome evolution genus hordeum spontaneum hordeum vulgare its long terminal repeat molecular mapping recombination repetitive dna retrotransposon reverse transcriptase reverse-transcriptase species differences wild relatives

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